Question 1

From age 3 to 5 compared to 1 to 3 years, the rate of growth in height:
A) declines sharply
B) increases sharply
C) proceeds at a steady pace
D) declines gradually

Accepted Answer

A

Question 2

Which statement characterizes the appearance of most children?
A) Before age 2 children are slim and wiry and gain weight after age 2
B) From ages 2 to 6 children are generally slimmer than prior to age 2
C) Children maintain a chubby, top-heavy appearance until after age 6
D) Children are generally slim from birth through around the age of 6

Accepted Answer

From ages 2 to 6, children typically lose their baby fat and become slimmer as they grow taller and their body proportions change. This period is marked by increased physical activity and rapid growth in height, contributing to a leaner appearance compared to the more rounded, chubby physique seen in infants and very young toddlers.

Question 3

Compared to his younger sister, Marcus is better able to run and has more coordination between his upper and lower body. He loves to climb on the jungle gym in the playground. How old would you estimate Marcus to be?
A) 18 months
B) 2 years
C) 36 months
D) 4 years

Accepted Answer

At around 4 years of age, children typically show significant improvements in coordination and physical abilities such as running and climbing, which aligns with the description of Marcus's abilities.

Question 4

According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, parents of children 2 to 6 years should limit the hours of _________ to no more than two hours per day.
A) eating
B) napping
C) playing
D) passive activity

Accepted Answer

The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends limiting passive activities, such as watching TV or other screen time, to no more than two hours per day for children aged 2 to 6 years to promote a more active and healthy lifestyle.

Question 5

____________ motor skills are the capabilities involving large body parts and ___________ motor skills involve small body parts.
A) Gross; petite
B) Grand; petite
C) Gross; fine
D) Grand; fine

Accepted Answer

Gross motor skills involve large body parts and movements like walking, while fine motor skills involve smaller movements using small body parts like fingers for writing.

Question 6

Margaret wants to go to the park on her own to practice riding her bike. Lately, she has been climbing trees and is very interested in watching base jumping and other extreme sports. Her parents seem to continuously remind Margaret to be careful, wear her bike helmet, and avoid dangerous activities. Margaret is most likely:
A) 2 years old
B) 4 years old
C) 6 years old
D) 10 years old

Accepted Answer

The answer of Margaret wants to go to the park...

Question 7

Which motor skill develops more slowly?
A) gross
B) grand
C) balance
D) fine

Accepted Answer

Fine motor skills, which involve the coordination of small muscles in movements—usually involving the synchronization of hands and fingers—with the eyes, develop more slowly than gross motor skills, which involve larger movements of the arms, legs, feet, or the entire body.

Question 8

Children who find sensory experiences painful or uncomfortable would benefit from a professional assessment for ___________ by an occupational therapist.
A) sensory integration difficulties
B) psychological growth difficulties
C) emotional adjustment problems
D) sensory development problems

Accepted Answer

Sensory integration difficulties are specifically related to how the brain processes sensory information, which can lead to discomfort or pain from sensory experiences. Occupational therapists are trained to assess and help individuals with these difficulties.

Question 9

It is recommended that a vision exam by an optometrist be performed on a child by ____________ of age.
A) 5 to 6 years
B) 3 to 4 years
C) 1 to 2 years
D) 6 to 8 months

Accepted Answer

The answer of It is recommended that a vision exam...

Question 10

If left untreated, this common illness of early childhood, which causes fluid buildup in the inner ear and infection, can lead to hearing loss. What is it?
A) mumps
B) measles
C) otitis media
D) influenza virus

Accepted Answer

Otitis media is an infection of the middle ear that often leads to fluid buildup, potentially causing temporary hearing loss if not treated promptly.

Question 11

Barbara is a very finicky eater. A possible cause of this could be:
A) oversensitivity to olfactory or gustatory stimuli
B) insufficient development of her fine motor skills
C) an undiagnosed hearing or visual impairment
D) insufficient development of her gross motor skills

Accepted Answer

Oversensitivity to olfactory (smell) or gustatory (taste) stimuli can make someone a finicky or picky eater because certain smells or tastes may be overwhelming or unpleasant to them, leading to avoidance of various foods.

Question 12

The brain of a typical 5-year-old will weigh ___________ of its adult weight while her body will be only about ____________ of its adult weight.
A) 90 percent; one-third
B) 50 percent; one-half
C) 30 percent; three-fourths
D) 25 percent; nine-tenths

Accepted Answer

The brain of a typical 5-year-old will weigh about 90 percent of its adult weight, indicating rapid early brain development, while her body will be only about one-third of its adult weight, reflecting slower physical growth.

Question 13

A milder form of autism is called:
A) Heisenberg syndrome
B) ADHD
C) Asperger's syndrome
D) Down syndrome

Accepted Answer

Asperger's syndrome is considered a milder form of autism spectrum disorder, characterized by significant difficulties in social interaction and nonverbal communication, alongside restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior and interests.

Question 14

Margaret was born with a birth defect that will cause her physical development and the maturation of her senses to be compromised. What can be done to help Margaret before she reaches school age?
A) creating an Individualized Family Service Plan (IFSP)
B) nothing is available to help children born at risk prior to school age
C) cognitive-behavioral therapy combined with certain medications
D) psychoanalysis

Accepted Answer

Creating an Individualized Family Service Plan (IFSP) is designed to support young children with developmental delays or disabilities and their families. It focuses on early intervention services that can help with physical, cognitive, and emotional development before the child reaches school age.

Question 15

The use of psychotropic drugs on children during early childhood:
A) has been proven without doubt to be safe
B) has no empirical support
C) has decreased sharply compared to adult usage
D) does not require further testing

Accepted Answer

The use of psychotropic drugs in children, especially during early childhood, is a complex issue and lacks robust empirical support for safety and efficacy. This is due to the ethical concerns and difficulties in conducting clinical trials with this population, leading to a scarcity of comprehensive data.

Question 16

Cody has trouble sitting in his seat during class lessons and finds it difficult to focus on work assigned to him in class or for homework. He bickers with his classmates and with his brother. His pediatrician has suggested that Cody might benefit from Concerta (methylphenidate). Cody has most probably been diagnosed with:
A) ADHD
B) autism
C) otitis media
D) Asperger's syndrome

Accepted Answer

Cody's symptoms, such as difficulty sitting still, focusing on work, and bickering with classmates, align with characteristics of ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder). Concerta (methylphenidate) is a common medication prescribed to help manage ADHD symptoms.

Question 17

Five-year-old Cody has ADHD and displays emotional outbursts, trouble sleeping, decreased appetite, lower growth rate, and repetitive behaviors. It is likely that he:
A) is experiencing side effects of a psychotropic drug
B) needs more medication
C) is behaving like all children with ADHD
D) is displaying normal behavior for a 5 year-old

Accepted Answer

Cody's symptoms such as emotional outbursts, trouble sleeping, decreased appetite, lower growth rate, and repetitive behaviors can be side effects of psychotropic drugs often used to treat ADHD. These are not typical behaviors of all children with ADHD nor are they considered normal behavior for a 5-year-old.

Question 18

Exposure of young children to chemical toxicants can result in:
A) compromised physical functioning
B) compromised brain functioning
C) compromised health
D) all of these

Accepted Answer

Exposure to chemical toxicants can affect multiple aspects of a child's development, including physical, brain, and overall health.

Question 19

In general, a child can eat most of the foods in family meals at what age?
A) 6 months
B) 1 year
C) 2 years
D) 3 ½ years

Accepted Answer

By age 2, most children can eat most of the foods in family meals.

Question 20

According to recent research, of the following what is the most common chronic disease of early childhood?
A) cancer
B) diabetes
C) cavities
D) multiple sclerosis

Accepted Answer

Cavities, also known as dental caries, are the most common chronic disease of early childhood, according to recent research. This condition surpasses others due to its prevalence among children worldwide, largely due to dietary habits and lack of proper oral hygiene.

Quiz 7: Early Childhood: Physical and Cognitive Development

From age 3 to 5 compared to 1 to 3 years, the rate of growth in height:

Which statement characterizes the appearance of most children?

Compared to his younger sister, Marcus is better able to run and has more coordination between his upper and lower body. He loves to climb on the jungle gym in the playground. How old would you estimate Marcus to be?

According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, parents of children 2 to 6 years should limit the hours of _________ to no more than two hours per day.

__ motor skills are the capabilities involving large body parts and _ motor skills involve small body parts.

Which motor skill develops more slowly?

Children who find sensory experiences painful or uncomfortable would benefit from a professional assessment for ___________ by an occupational therapist.

It is recommended that a vision exam by an optometrist be performed on a child by ____________ of age.

If left untreated, this common illness of early childhood, which causes fluid buildup in the inner ear and infection, can lead to hearing loss. What is it?

Barbara is a very finicky eater. A possible cause of this could be:

The brain of a typical 5-year-old will weigh _ of its adult weight while her body will be only about __ of its adult weight.

A milder form of autism is called:

Margaret was born with a birth defect that will cause her physical development and the maturation of her senses to be compromised. What can be done to help Margaret before she reaches school age?

The use of psychotropic drugs on children during early childhood:

Five-year-old Cody has ADHD and displays emotional outbursts, trouble sleeping, decreased appetite, lower growth rate, and repetitive behaviors. It is likely that he:

Exposure of young children to chemical toxicants can result in:

In general, a child can eat most of the foods in family meals at what age?

According to recent research, of the following what is the most common chronic disease of early childhood?