Question 1

"The orderly and sequential changes that occur with the passage of time" is the definition of:
A) age norms
B) age grades
C) ascriptions
D) development

Accepted Answer

Development refers to the orderly and sequential changes that occur with the passage of time, encompassing physical, cognitive, and social growth and changes.

Question 2

Developmental psychology is mainly concerned with:
A) studying the development of our cultural value systems
B) studying the development in individuals of fixations
C) studying how we change and remain the same over time
D) studying socio-economic influences on individuals

Accepted Answer

Developmental psychology focuses on how people grow, change, and stay the same throughout their lives, from infancy through adulthood, encompassing physical, cognitive, and social-emotional development.

Question 3

A researcher's notes that contain the exact speech utterances that children make, as well as the ages of the children under study, is most related to which goal of developmental psychology?
A) description
B) expression
C) prediction
D) conclusion

Accepted Answer

The goal of description in developmental psychology involves observing and noting behaviors to understand what is typical development at various ages. The researcher's notes on children's speech utterances and their ages directly relate to this goal by documenting and describing how children's language abilities change as they grow.

Question 4

A psychologist wishes to know why there is an increase in childhood obesity. This is related to which goal of developmental psychology?
A) control
B) explanation
C) description
D) prediction

Accepted Answer

Explanation seeks to understand the reasons behind phenomena, such as the increase in childhood obesity, which aligns with the psychologist's goal.

Question 5

A developmental psychologist wants to determine the chances that a particular ninth-grade student will graduate from high school. This best illustrates:
A) description
B) explanation
C) prediction
D) control

Accepted Answer

The psychologist is aiming to predict an outcome (high school graduation) based on current information about the ninth-grade student, which aligns with the goal of prediction in psychological research.

Question 6

Based on recent research findings, a developmental psychologist advises that an infant born with an inherited disorder be put on a special diet to avoid intellectual impairment. This best illustrates:
A) intervention
B) description
C) explanation
D) prediction

Accepted Answer

The psychologist's advice to put an infant on a special diet to avoid intellectual impairment is an example of intervention, as it involves taking action based on research findings to influence an outcome.

Question 7

The changes that occur in a person's height, weight, and organ, skeletal, muscular, and neurological structures refer to:
A) biodevelopment
B) physical development
C) cognitive development
D) emotional-social development

Accepted Answer

Physical development refers to the changes in a person's body size (such as height and weight) and in the body's systems (organ, skeletal, muscular, and neurological structures).

Question 8

The changes that occur in sensation, perception, memory, thought, reasoning, and language refer to:
A) biodevelopment
B) physical development
C) cognitive development
D) emotional-social development

Accepted Answer

Cognitive development refers to the changes and growth in how a person understands the world through sensation, perception, memory, thought, reasoning, and language.

Question 9

The changes that occur in an individual's personality, emotions, and relationships with others refer to:
A) biodevelopment
B) physical development
C) cognitive development
D) emotional-social development

Accepted Answer

Emotional-social development specifically refers to the changes and growth in an individual's emotions, personality, and relationships with others.

Question 10

The more or less automatic unfolding of biological potential in a set, irreversible sequence is known as:
A) maturation
B) growth
C) learning
D) socialization

Accepted Answer

Maturation refers to the natural development process in which an individual's biological potentials unfold in a predetermined, irreversible sequence, independent of specific learning experiences or social influences.

Question 11

One of the most noticeable features of early development is the increase in size of the individual. This is dependent on the metabolic processes that take place within the body. This is known as:
A) maturation
B) growth
C) learning
D) socialization

Accepted Answer

Growth refers to the increase in size of an individual, which is a result of the metabolic processes that occur within the body.

Question 12

The relatively permanent modification in behavior that results from the individual's experience in the environment is known as:
A) maturation
B) growth
C) learning
D) development

Accepted Answer

Learning is defined as a relatively permanent change in behavior or knowledge that comes from experience. Unlike maturation and growth, which are biological processes that occur with age, learning involves acquiring new behaviors or knowledge through interactions with the environment. Development encompasses overall changes and growth, but it is not as specific to behavior changes due to environmental experiences as learning is.

Question 13

As her son Jamal grows older, Nadia is particularly fascinated with his ability to think more abstractly and logically. The changes in Jamal's thinking patterns illustrate which kind of development?
A) emotional-social
B) physical
C) cognitive
D) life-span

Accepted Answer

The changes in Jamal's thinking patterns, specifically his ability to think more abstractly and logically, illustrate cognitive development. Cognitive development refers to how a person perceives, thinks, and gains understanding of their world through the interaction of genetic and learned factors.

Question 14

Mary's personality has become more outgoing as she has grown older. The changes in Mary's personality illustrate which kind of development?
A) cognitive development
B) maturation
C) emotional-social
D) learning

Accepted Answer

Changes in Mary's personality towards being more outgoing reflect emotional-social development, which involves how individuals understand themselves, manage emotions, and establish positive relationships with others.

Question 15

Urie Bronfenbrenner's approach to understanding human development is known as:
A) environmental
B) ecological
C) concentric
D) embedded

Accepted Answer

Bronfenbrenner's approach is known as the ecological systems theory, which emphasizes the different layers of environment that influence an individual's development.

Question 16

Bronfenbrenner's approach asserts that developmental influences include all of the following EXCEPT:
A) one's interaction with the environment
B) changing physical and social settings
C) how the process is affected by society
D) six levels of environmental influence

Accepted Answer

Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory identifies four (not six) levels of environmental influence: microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, and macrosystem.

Question 17

Research on immigrant children and their families has been lacking in:
A) psychological research
B) sociological research
C) medical research
D) all of these

Accepted Answer

Research on immigrant children and their families has historically been lacking across various disciplines, including psychological, sociological, and medical research. This gap is due to a variety of factors, including language barriers, cultural differences, and the transient nature of some immigrant populations, making it challenging to conduct comprehensive and longitudinal studies.

Question 18

According to Bronfenbrenner's model, the microsystem consists of:
A) the network of microorganisms in the person's body that influence physical growth
B) the network of social relations and physical settings the person experiences daily
C) the network of new technologies in society that influence health and well-being
D) the network of interrelationships among the various settings in which the person is

Accepted Answer

The microsystem, according to Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory, includes the immediate environments and relationships that an individual interacts with directly, such as family, school, and peers, which is best described by option B.

Question 19

According to Bronfenbrenner's model, the mesosystem consists of:
A) medium-strength direct or indirect influences on society
B) outside influences on a person's logical thinking processes
C) the interrelationships among the person's various settings
D) the interrelationships among technical and societal values

Accepted Answer

The mesosystem in Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory refers to the interconnections between the microsystems in a person's life. This means how different environments, like home, school, and workplace, interact and influence each other, impacting the person's development.

Question 20

According to Bronfenbrenner's model, the exosystem consists of:
A) social structures that directly or indirectly affect a person's life
B) the expert advice of more competent individuals to a person
C) the network of invisible influences on a person's development
D) extraterrestrial networks of influence

Accepted Answer

The exosystem in Bronfenbrenner's model refers to social structures that affect a person's life indirectly, such as a parent's workplace or community services, which can have a ripple effect on the individual's immediate environment and development.

Quiz 1: Introduction

"The orderly and sequential changes that occur with the passage of time" is the definition of:

Developmental psychology is mainly concerned with:

A researcher's notes that contain the exact speech utterances that children make, as well as the ages of the children under study, is most related to which goal of developmental psychology?

A psychologist wishes to know why there is an increase in childhood obesity. This is related to which goal of developmental psychology?

A developmental psychologist wants to determine the chances that a particular ninth-grade student will graduate from high school. This best illustrates:

Based on recent research findings, a developmental psychologist advises that an infant born with an inherited disorder be put on a special diet to avoid intellectual impairment. This best illustrates:

The changes that occur in a person's height, weight, and organ, skeletal, muscular, and neurological structures refer to:

The changes that occur in sensation, perception, memory, thought, reasoning, and language refer to:

The changes that occur in an individual's personality, emotions, and relationships with others refer to:

The more or less automatic unfolding of biological potential in a set, irreversible sequence is known as:

One of the most noticeable features of early development is the increase in size of the individual. This is dependent on the metabolic processes that take place within the body. This is known as:

The relatively permanent modification in behavior that results from the individual's experience in the environment is known as:

As her son Jamal grows older, Nadia is particularly fascinated with his ability to think more abstractly and logically. The changes in Jamal's thinking patterns illustrate which kind of development?

Mary's personality has become more outgoing as she has grown older. The changes in Mary's personality illustrate which kind of development?

Urie Bronfenbrenner's approach to understanding human development is known as:

Bronfenbrenner's approach asserts that developmental influences include all of the following EXCEPT:

Research on immigrant children and their families has been lacking in:

According to Bronfenbrenner's model, the microsystem consists of:

According to Bronfenbrenner's model, the mesosystem consists of:

According to Bronfenbrenner's model, the exosystem consists of: