Question 1

In Anderson's ACT model, knowing how to do something requires:

Accepted Answer

Procedural knowledge refers to knowing how to perform various tasks and is essential in Anderson's ACT model for understanding how individuals know how to do something.

Question 2

The Tower of Hanoi is an example of ________.

Accepted Answer

The Tower of Hanoi is a well-defined problem because it has a clear goal, a clear starting point, and a set of specified rules to follow to achieve the solution.

Question 3

In children, insights:

Accepted Answer

Insights in children often start as unconscious realizations and then become conscious as the child reflects on or learns from an experience. This process allows them to integrate new knowledge or understanding into their conscious awareness.

Question 4

A relationship between two similar situations, problems, or concepts:

Accepted Answer

An analogy is a comparison between two similar situations, problems, or concepts, often used to help explain or clarify.

Question 5

A sudden deep understanding of the nature of a difficult problem:

Accepted Answer

Insight refers to a sudden and often novel realization of the solution to a problem, which fits the description of a deep understanding of the nature of a difficult problem.

Question 6

A person who has only limited knowledge of a topic has:

Accepted Answer

Poor domain knowledge refers to limited understanding or information about a specific area or topic, which aligns with the description given.

Question 7

Which of the following will help improve problem solving?

Accepted Answer

Searching for contradictions is a critical thinking strategy that involves identifying inconsistencies in information or arguments. This approach can help in refining understanding, clarifying issues, and ultimately improving problem-solving skills by challenging assumptions and prompting deeper analysis. The availability heuristic and representational heuristic, while useful in decision-making, can sometimes lead to biases and errors. A negative set, which is a tendency to focus on a single approach or solution, can limit creativity and hinder problem-solving.

Question 8

Which of the following is most likely to free working memory so it can be used for higher-level subgoals?

Accepted Answer

Automating some components of the problem-solving solution frees up working memory by reducing the cognitive load, allowing the brain to focus on higher-level subgoals.

Question 9

Considering how a current problem resembles one you've already solved involves:

Accepted Answer

This involves searching for relations among problems, which is a process of identifying similarities between the current problem and previously solved problems to apply similar solutions or strategies.

Question 10

Operators are people who facilitate problem solving.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Operators are people who facilitate problem solving....

Question 11

An important distinction between verbal knowledge and procedural knowledge involves verbalization.

Accepted Answer

Verbal knowledge is about facts and concepts that can be easily articulated or verbalized, whereas procedural knowledge involves knowing how to do things, which might not be easily explained through words.

Question 12

Multiconstraint theory deals with the concept of problem space.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Multiconstraint theory deals with the concept of...

Question 13

Computer-based mathematics tutors have been developed using ACT*, but they have generally failed to produce adequate results because of the rigidity of the ACT* implementation system.

Accepted Answer

ACT* is a cognitive architecture that has been successfully used in developing computer-based mathematics tutors, such as the Cognitive Tutors, which have shown significant effectiveness in enhancing student learning. The issues with some tutoring systems are not inherently due to the rigidity of ACT* but rather how the instructional strategies are implemented within the system.

Question 14

The part of Anderson's ACT model that deals with knowledge of how to do something (e.g., ride a bike) is called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The part of Anderson's ACT model that...

Question 15

In problem solving, a ________ is an intermediate goal that must be achieved to reach a final goal.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In problem solving, a ________ is an...

Question 16

The ________ theory predicts how people use analogies in problem solving and what factors govern the analogies people construct.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ________ theory predicts how people use...

Question 17

Using appropriate technical terms, through what mechanism might practice help you to improve your problem solving (that is, WHY is practice useful)?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Using appropriate technical terms, through what mechanism...

Question 18

Describe and discuss the two main difficulties in problem solving that are outlined in the textbook. Use some examples from the textbook to strengthen your discussion.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe and discuss the two main difficulties...

Question 19

Can "getting an A in this course" be considered a well-defined problem from the perspective of a "problem space"? Why or why not? Provide a brief explanation to support your view. Note that it's your supporting explanation that is important here.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Can "getting an A in this course"...

Question 20

How do means-end and working backwards differ?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How do means-end and working backwards differ?...

Quiz 12: Problem Solving