Endel Tulving presented people with a long list of unrelated words several different times. Each time the list was presented, the order of the items was rearranged. After each list presentation Tulving had the participants free-recall as many of the words on the list as possible. When he analyzed the order in which the words were recalled, he discovered that the subjects had developed their own grouping of the words. This consistency illustrates:

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Tulving's experiment demonstrates "subjective organization," where individuals create their own mental structure to remember information more efficiently, even when the information is presented in a random order. This finding shows how people naturally organize information in a way that makes sense to them to improve recall.

Endel Tulving Presented People with a Long List of Unrelated