Question 1

Which of the following types of solids represents the most ordered arrangement of repeating units?

Accepted Answer

Crystalline solids have the most ordered arrangement of repeating units, characterized by a highly regular atomic or molecular structure.

Question 2

Diamond is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Diamond is a network covalent solid because it is made up of carbon atoms covalently bonded to each other in a three-dimensional network.

Question 3

SiO₂ is a network covalent solid. Which of the following is most likely to be true of SiO₂?

Accepted Answer

Network covalent solids, like those formed by silicon and oxygen, typically have high melting points due to the strong covalent bonds throughout the structure. They do not conduct electricity when melted because their electrons are not free to move as in metallic or ionic conductive phases.

Question 4

Which of the following types of solids is most likely to be soft, have a low melting point, and not conduct electricity when melted?

Accepted Answer

Molecular solids are typically characterized by relatively weak intermolecular forces, such as van der Waals forces or hydrogen bonds, which can lead to them being soft and having low melting points. Unlike ionic, metallic, and some network covalent solids, molecular solids do not conduct electricity when melted because they do not have free-moving charged particles.

Question 5

Which solid is held together by an extended network of covalent bonds?

Accepted Answer

Diamond is held together by an extended network of covalent bonds, where each carbon atom is covalently bonded to four other carbon atoms in a tetrahedral structure, creating a very hard and strong material.

Question 6

Which force makes the most important contribution to the lattice energy of solid CO₂?

Accepted Answer

Solid CO2, also known as dry ice, is composed of nonpolar molecules. The most significant force contributing to its lattice energy is dispersion forces, which are the only intermolecular forces present in nonpolar molecules like CO2.

Question 7

Diamond (C(s)) is a network covalent solid. Which of the following is most likely to be true of diamond?

Accepted Answer

Diamond has a high melting point due to its strong covalent bonds in a network structure. It does not conduct electricity, even when melted, because it lacks free electrons or ions to carry an electric current.

Question 8

A compound that is a poor conductor of electricity when solid, but a very good conductor when molten is most likely to fit into which category?

Accepted Answer

Ionic solids are composed of ions held together by ionic bonds. In their solid state, the ions are fixed in place and cannot conduct electricity. However, when melted, the ions are free to move, allowing the substance to conduct electricity.

Question 9

Arrange the following ionic compounds in order of increasing lattice energy (energy to break the solid into its gaseous ions). MgF₂, SrF₂, BeF₂

Accepted Answer

Lattice energy increases with the charge of the ions and decreases with the size of the ions. Be^2+ is smaller and has the same charge as Mg^2+ and Sr^2+, but Sr^2+ is the largest ion among them. Therefore, BeF2 has the highest lattice energy due to the small size of Be^2+, and SrF2 has the lowest due to the larger size of Sr^2+.

Question 10

Use the bond-type triangle for 
 
-Which of the following compounds will have the most ionic character?

Accepted Answer

AlN has the most ionic character because it has the largest difference in electronegativity between the two atoms (Aluminum and Nitrogen), which leads to a greater ionic character in the bond.

Question 11

Use the bond-type triangle for 
 
-Which of the following compounds will have the most covalent character?

Accepted Answer

PCl₃ has the most covalent character among the given options because phosphorus and chlorine are both nonmetals, and the difference in their electronegativities is smaller compared to the metal-nonmetal combinations in the other options, leading to a more covalent character in their bonding.

Question 12

Use the bond-type triangle for 
 
-Which of the following compounds will have the most metallic character?

Accepted Answer

Metallic character increases with elements that are more to the left and down in the periodic table. Tin phosphide (SnP) has more metallic character due to the presence of tin and phosphorus, which are less electronegative compared to the other elements in the given compounds.

Question 13

Use the bond-type triangle for 
 
-Predict which compound has a high melting point and is a conductor in the molten and aqueous state.

Accepted Answer

AlN (Aluminum Nitride) has a high melting point and can conduct electricity in the molten and aqueous states due to its ionic bonding and the presence of mobile ions when dissolved or melted.

Question 14

Use the bond-type triangle for 
 
-Predict which compound is an electrical insulator and has a relatively low melting point.

Accepted Answer

PCl₃ is a molecular compound, which typically are electrical insulators and have relatively low melting points compared to ionic compounds.

Question 15

Use the bond-type triangle for 
 
-Predict which solid is the best electrical conductor.

Accepted Answer

SnP (Tin phosphide) is a metallic compound, and metals are generally good electrical conductors due to the presence of free electrons that facilitate the flow of electric current. The other options are either non-metallic or have characteristics that do not favor electrical conductivity as much as a metallic compound like SnP.

Question 16

Use the bond-type triangle for 
 
-Predict which compound is an insulating ceramic material.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Use the bond-type triangle for 
 
-Predict...

Question 17

Which of the following structures has a coordination number of six?

Accepted Answer

In a simple cubic structure, each atom is surrounded by six nearest neighbors, giving it a coordination number of six.

Question 18

Which of the following correctly describes a body-centered cubic structure?

Accepted Answer

In a body-centered cubic (BCC) structure, each atom has 8 nearest neighbors, giving it a coordination number of 8. The unit cell contains 1 atom at each corner (each of which is shared among 8 unit cells) and 1 atom in the center, effectively summing up to 2 atoms per unit cell.

Question 19

What is the ratio of the length of the body diagonal of a cube to the face diagonal of the cube?

Accepted Answer

The body diagonal of a cube can be found using the formula $\sqrt{3}a$ where $a$ is the side length, and the face diagonal using $\sqrt{2}a$. The ratio of the body diagonal to the face diagonal is $\frac{\sqrt{3}a}{\sqrt{2}a} = \sqrt{\frac{3}{2}}$, which simplifies to approximately 1.22.

Question 20

What is the relationship between the unit cell edge length (a) and the radius of a metal atom (r) when the metal crystallizes in a face-centered cubic unit cell?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the relationship between the unit...

Quiz 9: Solids

Which of the following types of solids represents the most ordered arrangement of repeating units?

Diamond is an example of:

SiO₂ is a network covalent solid. Which of the following is most likely to be true of SiO₂?

Which of the following types of solids is most likely to be soft, have a low melting point, and not conduct electricity when melted?

Which solid is held together by an extended network of covalent bonds?

Which force makes the most important contribution to the lattice energy of solid CO₂?

Diamond (C(s) ) is a network covalent solid. Which of the following is most likely to be true of diamond?

A compound that is a poor conductor of electricity when solid, but a very good conductor when molten is most likely to fit into which category?

Arrange the following ionic compounds in order of increasing lattice energy (energy to break the solid into its gaseous ions) . MgF₂, SrF₂, BeF₂

Use the bond-type triangle for -Which of the following compounds will have the most ionic character?

Use the bond-type triangle for -Which of the following compounds will have the most covalent character?

Use the bond-type triangle for -Which of the following compounds will have the most metallic character?

Use the bond-type triangle for -Predict which compound has a high melting point and is a conductor in the molten and aqueous state.

Use the bond-type triangle for -Predict which compound is an electrical insulator and has a relatively low melting point.

Use the bond-type triangle for -Predict which solid is the best electrical conductor.

Use the bond-type triangle for -Predict which compound is an insulating ceramic material.

Which of the following structures has a coordination number of six?

Which of the following correctly describes a body-centered cubic structure?

What is the ratio of the length of the body diagonal of a cube to the face diagonal of the cube?

What is the relationship between the unit cell edge length (a) and the radius of a metal atom (r) when the metal crystallizes in a face-centered cubic unit cell?

Quiz 9: Solids

Which of the following types of solids represents the most ordered arrangement of repeating units?

Diamond is an example of:

SiO2 is a network covalent solid. Which of the following is most likely to be true of SiO2?

Which of the following types of solids is most likely to be soft, have a low melting point, and not conduct electricity when melted?

Which solid is held together by an extended network of covalent bonds?

Which force makes the most important contribution to the lattice energy of solid CO2?

Diamond (C(s) ) is a network covalent solid. Which of the following is most likely to be true of diamond?

A compound that is a poor conductor of electricity when solid, but a very good conductor when molten is most likely to fit into which category?

Arrange the following ionic compounds in order of increasing lattice energy (energy to break the solid into its gaseous ions) . MgF2, SrF2, BeF2

Use the bond-type triangle for -Which of the following compounds will have the most ionic character?

Use the bond-type triangle for -Which of the following compounds will have the most covalent character?

Use the bond-type triangle for -Which of the following compounds will have the most metallic character?

Use the bond-type triangle for -Predict which compound has a high melting point and is a conductor in the molten and aqueous state.

Use the bond-type triangle for -Predict which compound is an electrical insulator and has a relatively low melting point.

Use the bond-type triangle for -Predict which solid is the best electrical conductor.

Use the bond-type triangle for -Predict which compound is an insulating ceramic material.

Which of the following structures has a coordination number of six?

Which of the following correctly describes a body-centered cubic structure?

What is the ratio of the length of the body diagonal of a cube to the face diagonal of the cube?

What is the relationship between the unit cell edge length (a) and the radius of a metal atom (r) when the metal crystallizes in a face-centered cubic unit cell?

SiO₂ is a network covalent solid. Which of the following is most likely to be true of SiO₂?

Which force makes the most important contribution to the lattice energy of solid CO₂?

Arrange the following ionic compounds in order of increasing lattice energy (energy to break the solid into its gaseous ions) . MgF₂, SrF₂, BeF₂