Question 1

Why is it difficult to get rid of superstitions and phobias?​

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why is it difficult to get rid...

Question 2

In John B.Watson's attempt to condition a phobia in a child,what was the unconditioned response?​

Accepted Answer

The unconditioned response in John B. Watson's attempt to condition a phobia in a child was crying and other fear reactions. This response was not learned, but was a natural and automatic reaction to the presentation of the unconditioned stimulus (a loud noise).

Question 3

Which conditions often occur in the same people?​

Accepted Answer

Panic disorder and agoraphobia often occur in the same people because agoraphobia can develop as a result of panic disorder. Agoraphobia involves a fear of situations or places where escape may be difficult, which can lead to avoidance behavior. This fear often develops after experiencing panic attacks in certain situations, such as crowds or open spaces.

Question 4

Why do many people with panic disorder have agoraphobia also?​

Accepted Answer

Agoraphobia is often a consequence of panic disorder, as people with panic disorder develop a fear of being in situations where they might have a panic attack or where they feel trapped or embarrassed. This fear can lead to avoidance or extreme distress in situations such as crowds, enclosed spaces, or traveling alone. Therefore, option B is the most appropriate answer. Options A, C, and D do not relate to the development of agoraphobia in panic disorder.

Question 5

How does phobia differ from panic disorder?​

Accepted Answer

Phobia is a fear and avoidance of specific objects or situations that typically produces a strong immediate fear reaction to the trigger. Panic disorder, on the other hand, is characterized by sudden and unexpected panic attacks that can occur without a specific trigger.

Question 6

Which fear is common among people with panic disorder?​

Accepted Answer

Panic disorder is often characterized by panic attacks, which can be triggered by a variety of factors including being in an open, public place. This fear is known as agoraphobia, and it is a common feature of panic disorder. Fear of the dark, fear of blood and other body fluids, and fear of loneliness are unrelated to panic disorder.

Question 7

In John B.Watson's attempt to condition a phobia in a child,what was the conditioned response?​

Accepted Answer

The conditioned response in Watson's attempt to condition a phobia in a child was crying and other fear reactions, as the child developed a phobia of the rat that was paired with a loud noise.

Question 8

​In Watson's attempt to produce a phobia in Albert B.,what were the rat and the loud noise?

Accepted Answer

In Watson's attempt to produce a phobia in Albert B., the rat was the conditioned stimulus (CS) and the loud noise was the unconditioned stimulus (UCS) that produced fear as an unconditioned response (UCR). Through repeated pairing of the rat with the loud noise, the rat became a conditioned stimulus that elicited fear as a conditioned response (CR).

Question 9

What is a phobia?​

Accepted Answer

A phobia is a type of anxiety disorder characterized by an excessive or irrational fear of a particular object, situation, or activity. It is considered a disorder when it interferes with normal living and causes significant distress to the individual experiencing it.

Question 10

People with panic disorder are also likely to have which other disorder?​

Accepted Answer

Agoraphobia often co-occurs with panic disorder, as it involves the fear of being in situations where escape is difficult or help may not be available in the event of a panic attack.

Question 11

People with agoraphobia are likely to have which of these conditions also?​

Accepted Answer

Agoraphobia often co-occurs with panic disorder, as agoraphobia is often triggered by the fear of having a panic attack in a public place or situation. Obsessive-compulsive disorder, narcolepsy, and sleep apnea are not typically associated with agoraphobia.

Question 12

In John B.Watson's attempt to condition a phobia in a child,what was the conditioned stimulus?​

Accepted Answer

In John B. Watson's attempt to condition a phobia in a child, the rat was the conditioned stimulus that was paired with a loud noise to elicit a fear response in the child. Over time, the child began to associate the rat with the fear response and developed a phobia towards it.

Question 13

When in treatment for panic disorder,what do people try to learn to control?​

Accepted Answer

People in treatment for panic disorder learn to control their breathing. Specifically, they may learn techniques such as deep breathing, diaphragmatic breathing, and paced breathing to help them manage and reduce the intensity of panic attacks. By controlling their breathing, individuals can slow down their heart rate, which sends a signal to the brain that it is safe and helps calm the body's stress response.

Question 14

Which of these is strongly associated with panic disorder?​

Accepted Answer

Hyperventilation is strongly associated with panic disorder, as it can cause symptoms that mimic panic attacks such as rapid heartbeat, shortness of breath, and dizziness. Déjà vu experiences, restless leg syndrome, and food cravings are not typically associated with panic disorder.

Question 15

People with joint laxity ("double-jointedness")are more likely others to have which mental disorder?​

Accepted Answer

Research has shown a correlation between joint hypermobility and an increased likelihood of experiencing anxiety disorders, including panic disorder.

Question 16

Superstitions and phobias are based on what type of learning?​

Accepted Answer

Superstitions and phobias are both based on avoidance learning, which involves learning to avoid a specific stimulus or response in order to prevent a negative outcome. In the case of superstitions, individuals may avoid certain actions or objects because they believe it will bring bad luck or negative consequences. Phobias involve avoiding specific situations or objects because of an excessive and irrational fear of them. Both types of learning are based on the principle of negative reinforcement, where the removal of an aversive stimulus (i.e. the negative outcome) reinforces the behavior of avoiding the stimulus or response.

Question 17

In John B.Watson's attempt to condition a phobia in a child,what was the unconditioned stimulus?​

Accepted Answer

The unconditioned stimulus in John B. Watson's experiment, known as the Little Albert experiment, was a loud noise. Watson used this loud noise to condition a fear response in the child, Albert, towards previously neutral stimuli, such as a white rat.

Question 18

Suppose you train someone to press a lever to avoid shocks,and then disconnect the shock generator.How could you facilitate extinction of the lever pressing?​

Accepted Answer

Temporarily preventing the person from pressing the lever would eliminate the reinforcement (avoiding the shocks) and lead to the extinction of the lever-pressing behavior. Moving the lever toward the person's other hand would not necessarily facilitate extinction, while taking a "time-out" or playing music in the background would be unlikely to have any significant impact on the extinction process.

Question 19

What is unusual about learned avoidance behaviors?​

Accepted Answer

Learned avoidance behaviors are highly resistant to extinction, meaning that they persist even when the consequences of the behavior no longer apply. This is because the behavior was learned through negative reinforcement, where the avoidance of a negative consequence reinforces the behavior. As a result, it becomes difficult to unlearn the behavior because there is no longer any negative consequence that can be avoided.

Question 20

People with panic disorder are more likely than other people to have which condition?​

Accepted Answer

People with panic disorder are more likely than other people to have joint laxity (also known as hypermobility or "double-jointedness"), a condition in which a person's joints can move beyond the normal range of motion. This may be related to the fact that both panic disorder and joint hypermobility are associated with abnormalities in the autonomic nervous system.

Quiz 15: Part 1 Abnormal Psychology: Disorders and Treatmentabnormal Psychology: Disorders and Treatment

Why is it difficult to get rid of superstitions and phobias?

In John B.Watson's attempt to condition a phobia in a child,what was the unconditioned response?

Which conditions often occur in the same people?

Why do many people with panic disorder have agoraphobia also?

How does phobia differ from panic disorder?

Which fear is common among people with panic disorder?

In John B.Watson's attempt to condition a phobia in a child,what was the conditioned response?

In Watson's attempt to produce a phobia in Albert B.,what were the rat and the loud noise?

What is a phobia?

People with panic disorder are also likely to have which other disorder?

People with agoraphobia are likely to have which of these conditions also?

In John B.Watson's attempt to condition a phobia in a child,what was the conditioned stimulus?

When in treatment for panic disorder,what do people try to learn to control?

Which of these is strongly associated with panic disorder?

People with joint laxity ("double-jointedness") are more likely others to have which mental disorder?

Superstitions and phobias are based on what type of learning?

In John B.Watson's attempt to condition a phobia in a child,what was the unconditioned stimulus?

Suppose you train someone to press a lever to avoid shocks,and then disconnect the shock generator.How could you facilitate extinction of the lever pressing?

What is unusual about learned avoidance behaviors?

People with panic disorder are more likely than other people to have which condition?