Question 1

Management practices and perspectives vary in response to social, political, and economic changes in the larger society.

Accepted Answer

Management practices and perspectives are not static and are influenced by various external factors such as social, political, and economic changes in the larger society. As a result, organizations may adopt different management practices and perspectives to align with the changing needs and expectations of their stakeholders.

Question 2

Scientific management developed a standard method for performing each job.

Accepted Answer

Scientific management developed a standard method, known as the "one best way," for performing each job.

Question 3

Fayol's unity of command principle emphasizes that each subordinate receives orders from one-and only one-superior.

Accepted Answer

Fayol's unity of command principle states that subordinates should receive commands from only one superior, in order to avoid confusion and conflicts arising from contradictory orders. This principle ensures clear accountability and responsibility within a hierarchy.

Question 4

Administrative acts and decisions recorded in writing is one of the six characteristics of the ideal bureaucracy.

Accepted Answer

One of the six characteristics of the ideal bureaucracy according to Max Weber is the use of administrative acts and decisions recorded in writing. This serves as a way to ensure accountability, consistency, and transparency in decision-making processes.

Question 5

The humanistic perspective contains three subfields: scientific management, bureaucratic organizations, and administrative principles.

Accepted Answer

The humanistic perspective actually contains three subfields: the Hawthorne studies, the human relations movement, and the behavioral science approach. Scientific management, bureaucratic organizations, and administrative principles are subfields of the classical perspective.

Question 6

The classical perspective on management emerged during thenineteenth and early twentieth centuries.

Accepted Answer

The statement is true. The classical perspective on management is also known as the traditional perspective and it emerged during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It is characterized by a focus on increasing efficiency and productivity through standardized processes, division of labor, and hierarchical structures.

Question 7

The struggle to balance the "things of production" with the "humanity of production" has continued from the nineteenth century to today.

Accepted Answer

The struggle to balance efficiency and productivity with the well-being and satisfaction of workers has been ongoing since the 19th century, and it continues in contemporary workplace environments.

Question 8

One of the criticisms of scientific management is it did not acknowledge variance among individuals.

Accepted Answer

Scientific management focused on finding the one "best way" to perform tasks, regardless of individual differences such as skills and abilities. This approach did not take into account the unique strengths and weaknesses of each worker.

Question 9

With clear definitions of authority and responsibility, division of labor is one of the six characteristics of the ideal bureaucracy.

Accepted Answer

Division of labor refers to the specialization of tasks and roles within an organization. It is one of the six characteristics of the ideal bureaucracy, along with clear definitions of authority and responsibility, formalized rules and procedures, impersonality, career orientation, and efficiency.

Question 10

Scientific management focuses on employee competence, whereas the administrative principles approach focuses on work flow through the organization.

Accepted Answer

Scientific management focuses on optimizing individual worker performance, while administrative principles approach emphasizes coordinating tasks and responsibilities to achieve organizational goals.

Question 11

Scientific management evolved with the use of precise procedures in place of tradition and rules of thumb.

Accepted Answer

Scientific management, also known as Taylorism, emphasized the use of scientific procedures to increase efficiency and productivity in the workplace. This approach rejected traditional methods and instead relied on data and experiments to determine the best way to perform tasks.

Question 12

The scalar chain is a hypothetical chain that provides horizontal links between unionized workers in different departments in an organization.

Accepted Answer

The scalar chain is a concept in organizational theory that refers to a clear, vertical hierarchy or chain of command within an organization, where communication flows from the top down and from the bottom up in a direct line.

Question 13

Standardization of work and wage incentives are characteristics of behavioral science.

Accepted Answer

Standardization of work and wage incentives are characteristics of scientific management, not behavioral science. Behavioral science focuses on understanding human behavior and improving organizational culture and interpersonal relationships.

Question 14

With a focus on things of production, management focus on meeting human needs for greater motivation and engagement to increase effectiveness.

Accepted Answer

Management focusing on meeting human needs for motivation and engagement is more aligned with theories of human relations and organizational behavior, rather than a focus solely on the things of production.

Question 15

The unity of direction principle proposes that similar activities in an organization should be grouped together under one manager.

Accepted Answer

The unity of direction principle suggests that all activities and efforts of an organization should be directed towards a common goal, and similar activities should be grouped under one manager to achieve coordinated efforts and avoid conflicts or duplication of tasks.

Question 16

Frederick W. Taylor developed systems thinking and emphasized the 14 principles of management that should guide managerial behavior.

Accepted Answer

Frederick W. Taylor is known for developing the principles of scientific management, not systems thinking or the 14 principles of management. Henri Fayol developed the 14 principles of management.

Question 17

The earliest forms of management were on the needs of people.

Accepted Answer

The earliest forms of management were focused on controlling work and organizing labor to increase efficiency, rather than on the needs of people.

Question 18

Follett and Barnard were early advocates of a more humanistic perspective on management that emphasized the importance of understanding human behaviors, needs, and attitudes in the workplace, as well as social interactions and group processes.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true as both Follett and Barnard were proponents of the humanistic perspective on management which emphasized the importance of understanding human behaviors, needs, and attitudes in the workplace, as well as social interactions and group processes.

Question 19

Social business is one of the oldest approaches in the evolution of management thinking and practice.

Accepted Answer

Social business is a relatively newer concept introduced by Nobel Peace Prize laureate Muhammad Yunus, focusing on addressing social problems through business solutions, and it is not one of the oldest approaches in management thinking and practice.

Question 20

A criticism of human relations management is that it ignores the social context and workers' needs.

Accepted Answer

Human relations management focuses on the importance of social relations in the workplace and emphasizes understanding workers' needs, motivations, and the impact of group dynamics, rather than ignoring them.

Quiz 2: The Evolution of Management Thinking