Question 1

In magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)technology,the area of the body to be imaged is exposed to

Accepted Answer

In MRI technology, the area of the body to be imaged is exposed to radio frequency (RF) pulses. These pulses cause the protons in the body's tissues to align themselves in a particular way, which produces a radio signal that can be used to create an image. MRI does not use X-rays or radioactivity like other imaging technologies such as CT scans or PET scans. It also does not use gamma cameras which are used in nuclear medicine imaging.

Question 2

Functional magnetic resonance imaging takes advantage of the fact that compared with less active neurons,more active neurons require greater amounts of

Accepted Answer

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) detects changes in oxygen levels in the blood, specifically the level of oxygenated blood in active areas of the brain. When neurons become more active, they require more oxygen to produce energy, and fMRI measures the changes in blood flow that occur as a result.

Question 3

Quantitative analysis of modern electroencephalography (EEG)recordings can be used to

Accepted Answer

Quantitative analysis of modern EEG recordings can be used to construct 3-D maps of brain activity. EEG provides a direct measure of brain activity, and advanced signal processing techniques can be used to analyze EEG data and generate spatial maps of neural activity in various brain regions. This information can be useful in studying brain connectivity, understanding neural processes underlying cognition and behavior, and diagnosing neurological disorders.

Question 4

Traditionally,electroencephalography (EEG)is most commonly used to study

Accepted Answer

EEG is commonly used to study states of consciousness (such as sleep and anesthesia) and epilepsy, as it can detect abnormal brain activity associated with seizures. While EEG can be used to study other areas such as learning and memory, it is not the most common use for this technology.

Question 5

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)technology is based on

Accepted Answer

MRI technology uses strong magnetic fields to produce detailed images of the inside of the body. Radioactivity and X-rays are not used in MRI, and the gamma camera is a different imaging technology used for nuclear medicine imaging.

Question 6

A red area in a positron emission tomography (PET)scan typically indicates that the area is showing ________ activity.

Accepted Answer

PET scans use a radioactive tracer to detect metabolic activity in the body. The tracer accumulates in tissues that have high metabolic activity, such as cancer cells or areas of inflammation. Therefore, a red area in a PET scan typically indicates high activity in that area.

Question 7

Jeremy's physician suspects that he might have attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Which of the following technologies is the physician likely to use to determine a diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

EEG brain tomography is the most common technology used to diagnose attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. It measures electrical activity in the brain and can highlight certain patterns that are associated with ADHD. PET and CT scans are not typically used to diagnose ADHD, and while fMRI may be used in some research settings, it is not yet considered a standard diagnostic tool.

Question 8

Future law enforcement personnel are most likely to be able to use which of the following technologies in order to assess whether a person is being truthful or not?

Accepted Answer

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) technology can measure brain activity and has been used in research to assess the activity in the area of the brain responsible for lying, indicating whether a person is being truthful or not. PET and MEG technologies are useful in other areas, such as for diagnosing medical conditions or mapping brain activity, but they are not currently used for lie detection. rTMS has potential uses in treating neurological and mental health conditions but is not applicable to detecting deception.

Question 9

Which of the following contemporary technologies was previewed by nineteenth century physiologist Angelo Mosso's work with patients who had head injuries?

Accepted Answer

Angelo Mosso's work involved measuring blood flow changes in the brain, which is a principle used in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to assess brain activity by detecting changes associated with blood flow.

Question 10

The first electroencephalogram (EEG)recordings were made by

Accepted Answer

The first EEG recordings were made by Hans Berger in 1924. Phelps and Hoffman are not associated with EEG recordings. Wilhelm Röntgen discovered X-rays and Hounsfield and Cormack developed computed tomography (CT) imaging.

Question 11

Although his ability to speak is otherwise normal,a patient suffering from a stroke is having difficulty naming common everyday objects,such as tools.In order to determine which part of the brain is functioning abnormally,his doctor may use which of the following techniques?

Accepted Answer

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) can compare the activity of the brains of the patient and normal volunteers when they are presented with pictures of various tools. This can help determine which area of the brain is not functioning properly. The other options (A, B, and D) are not appropriate in this case. Autopsies are not typically done on living patients, CT scans may not provide enough detail to pinpoint the exact area of dysfunction, and stimulating the brain during surgery may not be feasible or ethical.

Question 12

Following a serious car accident,Joan fell into a coma.Her doctors are most likely to assess her progress using which of the following technologies?

Accepted Answer

Electroencephalography (EEG) is the technology most commonly used to assess a patient's level of consciousness and neural activity in the case of a coma. It measures electrical activity in the brain and can help physicians monitor brain function over time. PET, CT, and fMRI are all imaging techniques that provide different types of information about the brain, but they are not typically used to monitor patients in a coma.

Question 13

Compared with positron emission tomography (PET)scans,functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)provides

Accepted Answer

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) provides more information about brain activity than positron emission tomography (PET) scans. While PET scans measure the metabolic activity of brain cells by detecting the radioactive tracer, fMRI measures the amount of oxygen in the blood flowing to different parts of the brain as a proxy for brain activity. This allows for more detailed mapping of brain function and connectivity. However, PET scans can provide more accurate information about the biochemical processes in the brain.

Question 14

In magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)technology,powerful magnets are used to align

Accepted Answer

MRI technology uses powerful magnets to align the hydrogen atoms in the body's water molecules. When a radiofrequency pulse is directed at the aligned hydrogen atoms, they temporarily move out of position and release energy. This energy, captured by the MRI machine, creates detailed images of the body's internal tissues and organs.

Question 15

In magnetic resonance imaging technologies,we use the term "voxel" to refer to

Accepted Answer

A voxel is a small volume element that is assigned a pixel of appropriate color or darkness in an image. It represents a small area of tissue in the body that is being imaged. A voxel's size is determined by the resolution of the scanner and can vary depending on the specific imaging technique being used. A voxel's properties can provide information about the tissue it represents, such as its density or blood flow.

Question 16

Hemoglobin's magnetic properties change when it is

Accepted Answer

Hemoglobin's magnetic properties change when it is combined with oxygen. This is because oxygen binding to hemoglobin causes a conformational change in the structure of the protein, which changes its magnetic properties.

Question 17

Naomi Eisenberger and her colleagues are interested in whether or not brain activity correlates with feelings of social rejection.If you were advising Dr.Eisenberger,which technology would you recommend for her study?

Accepted Answer

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) would be the best choice for studying brain activity related to social rejection. fMRI can provide detailed images of brain activity related to specific emotional experiences, and has been used in previous studies examining social exclusion and rejection. PET and CT scans do not provide the same level of detail on brain activity, and EEG is better suited for examining brain activity over time rather than during a specific emotional experience.

Question 18

In positron emission tomography (PET)scans,colors are assigned that reflect the

Accepted Answer

PET scans measure the amount of metabolic activity in different areas of the brain, which is reflected by the colors assigned to those areas. This can help researchers and doctors identify regions of the brain that are more or less active during different tasks or under different conditions.

Question 19

The BOLD effect is important in which of the following technologies?

Accepted Answer

The BOLD effect stands for Blood Oxygen Level Dependent effect and is a key aspect in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) technology. fMRI measures changes in oxygenation levels in the brain's blood vessels, and the BOLD effect provides a non-invasive way to map brain activity in real-time.

Question 20

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)requires

Accepted Answer

The answer of Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)requires 
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Quiz 1: What Is Behavioral Neuroscience

In magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology,the area of the body to be imaged is exposed to

Functional magnetic resonance imaging takes advantage of the fact that compared with less active neurons,more active neurons require greater amounts of

Quantitative analysis of modern electroencephalography (EEG) recordings can be used to

Traditionally,electroencephalography (EEG) is most commonly used to study

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology is based on

A red area in a positron emission tomography (PET) scan typically indicates that the area is showing ________ activity.

Jeremy's physician suspects that he might have attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Which of the following technologies is the physician likely to use to determine a diagnosis?

Future law enforcement personnel are most likely to be able to use which of the following technologies in order to assess whether a person is being truthful or not?

Which of the following contemporary technologies was previewed by nineteenth century physiologist Angelo Mosso's work with patients who had head injuries?

The first electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings were made by

Although his ability to speak is otherwise normal,a patient suffering from a stroke is having difficulty naming common everyday objects,such as tools.In order to determine which part of the brain is functioning abnormally,his doctor may use which of the following techniques?

Following a serious car accident,Joan fell into a coma.Her doctors are most likely to assess her progress using which of the following technologies?

Compared with positron emission tomography (PET) scans,functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) provides

In magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology,powerful magnets are used to align

In magnetic resonance imaging technologies,we use the term "voxel" to refer to

Hemoglobin's magnetic properties change when it is

Naomi Eisenberger and her colleagues are interested in whether or not brain activity correlates with feelings of social rejection.If you were advising Dr.Eisenberger,which technology would you recommend for her study?

In positron emission tomography (PET) scans,colors are assigned that reflect the

The BOLD effect is important in which of the following technologies?

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) requires