Question 1

According to psychologists Conor Seyle and Matthew Newman,the "red and blue states" have become a national shorthand for dividing Americans into opposing camps with this oversimplification ignoring the fact that
A) the presidential election of 2000 was very close in many of the states.
B) people can be religious and vote as a Democrat.
C) people can be economically conservative, while being liberal on social issues.
D) all of these exist.

Accepted Answer

All of these options are true. The presidential election of 2000 was very close in many states, with some being decided by just a few hundred votes. People can be religious and still vote for the Democratic party, and others may hold conservative views on economic issues but be liberal on social issues. These complexities highlight the limitations of oversimplifying political views based solely on red vs. blue states.

Question 2

According to psychologists Conor Seyle and Matthew Newman,the stereotype of a person from a "red state" includes which characteristic?
A) liberal
B) lives in the American heartland
C) urban
D) nonreligious

Accepted Answer

The stereotype of a person from a "red state" includes living in the American heartland.

Question 3

Regarding dehumanization,which of the following statements is FALSE?
A) Dehumanization is the psychological mechanism used to justify violence.
B) Dehumanization involves portraying the "enemy" as evil or monstrous.
C) Dehumanization contributes to incidents of terrorism and genocide.
D) Dehumanization decreases one's emotional insulation for committing a violent act.

Accepted Answer

Dehumanization actually increases one's emotional insulation for committing a violent act by reducing empathy and moral considerations towards the dehumanized group or individuals.

Question 4

According to psychologists Conor Seyle and Matthew Newman,what has recently divided the United States into opposing camps?
A) ethnic differences
B) rich versus poor
C) red states versus blue states regarding voting
D) regional differences, that is, Southern, Western, Eastern, Northern

Accepted Answer

Seyle and Newman suggest that the United States has been divided into opposing camps based on red states versus blue states regarding voting. These two terms refer to states that predominantly vote Republican (red) and those that predominantly vote Democrat (blue). This divide has become increasingly prominent in recent years, particularly during election seasons.

Question 5

When members of one group dehumanize the members of another group,this
A) results in the development of the stereotype threat in both groups.
B) provides a degree of emotional insulation making it easier to harm others.
C) prevents the occurrence of terrorism, torture, or genocide.
D) makes the other group less deserving of prejudice or hatred.

Accepted Answer

Dehumanization allows individuals to distance themselves emotionally from the harm they inflict on members of the other group, making it easier to justify and commit acts of violence or discrimination. It is therefore a dangerous process that can lead to serious consequences.

Question 6

The demonstration by Jane Elliot with blue-eyed and brown-eyed children suggests that an effective way to generate conditions of prejudice is to
A) require persons to compete for scarce resources.
B) intermingle two diverse groups with each other.
C) produce inequalities in power, prestige, or privileges.
D) demand that members of two groups cooperate to achieve a common goal.

Accepted Answer

Jane Elliot demonstrated that by producing inequalities in power, prestige, or privileges (in this case, giving certain privileges to one eye color over the other), prejudices can quickly develop among individuals within a group.

Question 7

In Jane Elliot's elementary school classroom,extremely prejudiced behavior was generated on the basis of eye color and
A) displaced aggression.
B) status inequalities.
C) peer group membership.
D) ethnic background.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In Jane Elliot's elementary school classroom,extremely prejudiced...

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT an example of small-scale "enemy" images?
A) out-group slurs
B) degrading names
C) ethnic jokes
D) mutual interdependence

Accepted Answer

Mutual interdependence is a concept that emphasizes cooperation and interconnection between groups, rather than hostility or aggression towards an "enemy" group. Options A, B, and C involve derogatory or negative language and attitudes towards an out-group, which are examples of small-scale "enemy" images.

Question 9

Which of the following sought to give her students direct experience with prejudice by dividing her class according to eye color and,at first,giving the blue-eyed children more privileges,power,and prestige than the brown-eyed children?
A) Jane Elliot
B) Inez Beverly Prosser
C) Carol Gilligan
D) Karen Horney

Accepted Answer

The experiment of dividing her class according to eye color and giving privileges, power, and prestige based on eye color was conducted by Jane Elliot, who sought to give her students direct experience with prejudice.

Question 10

According to psychologists Conor Seyle and Matthew Newman,the stereotype of a person from a "blue state" includes which characteristic?
A) Republican
B) middle-class
C) urban
D) religious

Accepted Answer

According to psychologists Conor Seyle and Matthew Newman, the stereotype of a person from a "blue state" includes being urban, i.e. living in or near a city. The other options mentioned are characteristics often associated with "red states."

Question 11

Regarding Jane Elliot's demonstration with blue-eyed and brown-eyed children,which of the following statements is FALSE?
A) The blue-eyed children rapidly joined Elliot in criticizing and belittling the brown-eyed children.
B) Although the brown-eyed children were being mistreated by Jane Elliot, their academic performance and test scores did not suffer.
C) Two days later, the roles of the children were reversed with the brown-eyed children now mistreating the blue-eyed children.
D) According to genetic evidence, judging people on skin color is just as superficial as judging people based on eye color.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Regarding Jane Elliot's demonstration with blue-eyed and...

Question 12

According to psychologists Conor Seyle and Matthew Newman,the "red states and blue states" have become a national shorthand for dividing Americans into opposing camps with
A) reds being upper class and the blues being middle class.
B) reds being conservative and the blues being liberal.
C) reds being urban and the blues being rural.
D) reds being nonreligious and the blues being religious.

Accepted Answer

Red states are typically associated with conservative ideologies, while blue states are associated with liberal ideologies. This divide has become a common way of categorizing political affiliations in the United States.

Question 13

According to psychologists Conor Seyle and Matthew Newman,a better approach than using the "red and blue states" map would include
A) using two maps, one denoting social issues as red or blue and economic issues as red or blue.
B) using the map to denote religious differences since this aspect of a person's life actually is the most influential factor in their voting.
C) denoting counties within states voting more than 70 percent Republican or 70 percent Democrat as "red" and "blue," respectively; and using purple for lower percentages.
D) switching the colors, since being liberal is closer to the ideology of communism.

Accepted Answer

Denoting counties within states voting more than 70 percent Republican or Democrat would provide a more nuanced look at political divides within states and avoid oversimplification. Using purple for areas with less extreme voting percentages would also enhance this nuance.

Question 14

A classroom experiment using eye color to produce prejudice demonstrated that
A) the development of prejudice is slow but noticeable.
B) reversing prejudice, like creating it, is a slow process.
C) status inequalities encourage prejudice.
D) young children are immune to prejudice.

Accepted Answer

Status inequalities, such as those artificially created in the classroom experiment based on eye color, can encourage the development of prejudice. This experiment showed how easily prejudice can be fostered through arbitrary distinctions, leading to status inequalities among the participants.

Question 15

Regarding intergroup conflict,which of the following statements is FALSE?
A) A danger in demonizing "the enemy" is that it can lead to misperceptions of the motives and actions of other nations and groups.
B) Many of the bloodiest conflicts in history have been fueled, in part, by treating "the enemy" as evil and subhuman.
C) During times of war, normal people are able to kill other humans because they turn off their emotions and moral standards.
D) Those who actually do hold the moral high ground must be careful not to succumb to the same kind of blind hatred that leads to wanton violence and terrorism.

Accepted Answer

The statement "normal people are able to kill other humans because they turn off their emotions and moral standards" is false. Research has shown that soldiers in combat do not completely turn off their emotions and moral standards but rather develop a sense of moral disengagement that allows them to rationalize their actions as necessary and justified.

Question 16

"Enemy images" often lead to
A) out-group slurs and degrading names.
B) terrorism and genocide.
C) misperceptions of the motives and actions of other groups.
D) all of these incidents.

Accepted Answer

Enemy images can lead to a range of negative attitudes and actions towards out-groups, including the use of slurs and degrading names, terrorist attacks, and even genocide. Additionally, the misperceptions of the motives and actions of other groups can further exacerbate tensions and conflicts between groups. Therefore, all of these incidents can result from the presence of enemy images.

Question 17

Differences in the power,prestige,or privileges of two or more persons or groups are referred to as
A) status inequalities.
B) individuating information.
C) mutual interdependence.
D) superordinate goals.

Accepted Answer

Status inequalities refers to differences in power, prestige, or privileges among individuals or groups. Individuating information refers to personal and unique details about individuals, mutual interdependence refers to a situation in which two or more individuals or groups rely on each other to achieve a common goal, and superordinate goals refer to goals that require cooperation and collaboration across groups.

Question 18

The development of "enemy images" includes all of the following EXCEPT
A) the belief that the "enemy" is evil, monstrous, and less than human.
B) the development and amplification of multiculturalism and individuation.
C) the belief that attack or counterattack are morally justified and deserved.
D) damage occurring in the form of terrorism, genocide, or, to a lesser extent, out-group slurs.

Accepted Answer

The development and amplification of multiculturalism and individuation do not contribute to the creation of enemy images. Rather, they promote understanding and acceptance of diverse perspectives and cultures. Therefore, option B is the correct answer.

Question 19

The media of one country refers to the people of another country as ignorant,savage,and evil.If these two countries go to war,this image of the "evil" country would be used
A) to make it easier for the soldiers of the second country to kill this enemy.
B) to educate the population regarding the true nature of this enemy.
C) to make the enemy seem less threatening.
D) very little, since previous attempts at dehumanizing (during WWII, for example) were ineffective.

Accepted Answer

The media's portrayal of the enemy as ignorant, savage, and evil is intended to dehumanize them and make it easier for soldiers to kill them without feeling guilty or remorseful. This tactic has been used in many wars throughout history and is an example of psychological warfare.

Question 20

According to psychologists Conor Seyle and Matthew Newman,the "red states and blue states" have become a national shorthand for dividing Americans into opposing camps with
A) reds being upper class and the blues being middle class.
B) reds being liberal and the blues being conservative.
C) reds being urban and the blues being rural.
D) reds being religious and the blues being nonreligious.

Accepted Answer

According to Conor Seyle and Matthew Newman, the "red states and blue states" divide Americans based on their religiosity, with the red states being more religious and the blue states being less religious.

Quiz 17: B: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

According to psychologists Conor Seyle and Matthew Newman,the "red and blue states" have become a national shorthand for dividing Americans into opposing camps with this oversimplification ignoring the fact that

According to psychologists Conor Seyle and Matthew Newman,the stereotype of a person from a "red state" includes which characteristic?

Regarding dehumanization,which of the following statements is FALSE?

According to psychologists Conor Seyle and Matthew Newman,what has recently divided the United States into opposing camps?

When members of one group dehumanize the members of another group,this

The demonstration by Jane Elliot with blue-eyed and brown-eyed children suggests that an effective way to generate conditions of prejudice is to

In Jane Elliot's elementary school classroom,extremely prejudiced behavior was generated on the basis of eye color and

Which of the following is NOT an example of small-scale "enemy" images?

Which of the following sought to give her students direct experience with prejudice by dividing her class according to eye color and,at first,giving the blue-eyed children more privileges,power,and prestige than the brown-eyed children?

According to psychologists Conor Seyle and Matthew Newman,the stereotype of a person from a "blue state" includes which characteristic?

Regarding Jane Elliot's demonstration with blue-eyed and brown-eyed children,which of the following statements is FALSE?

According to psychologists Conor Seyle and Matthew Newman,the "red states and blue states" have become a national shorthand for dividing Americans into opposing camps with

According to psychologists Conor Seyle and Matthew Newman,a better approach than using the "red and blue states" map would include

A classroom experiment using eye color to produce prejudice demonstrated that

Regarding intergroup conflict,which of the following statements is FALSE?

"Enemy images" often lead to

Differences in the power,prestige,or privileges of two or more persons or groups are referred to as

The development of "enemy images" includes all of the following EXCEPT

The media of one country refers to the people of another country as ignorant,savage,and evil.If these two countries go to war,this image of the "evil" country would be used

According to psychologists Conor Seyle and Matthew Newman,the "red states and blue states" have become a national shorthand for dividing Americans into opposing camps with