Question 1

Excessive hand-washing may be an indication of an
A)Oedipus complex.
B)anal fixation.
C)Electra complex.
D)oral fixation.

Accepted Answer

Excessive hand-washing is a behavior commonly associated with OCD, which is often linked to anal fixation according to Freudian theory.

Question 2

Which person best illustrates the concept of conflict during the anal stage?
A)Martin bites his nails.
B)Karen becomes extremely dependent upon her boyfriends.
C)Katie is sexually active.
D)Sean is excessively neat and clean.

Accepted Answer

The anal stage is the second stage in Freud's psychosexual stages, typically occurring between the ages of one and three years old. During this stage, children learn to control their bodily functions and develop a sense of autonomy and independence. However, conflicts can arise if parents are too strict or controlling during toilet training, leading to feelings of shame and doubt. Excessive cleanliness and neatness can be a sign of an unresolved conflict during the anal stage, as the child may be trying to regain a sense of control over their bodily functions. Therefore, Sean best illustrates the concept of conflict during the anal stage.

Question 3

Wynton always wanted to be a trumpet player. He talked a lot about it as well as practiced every day. He used terms like "big mouth," and he also smoked cigars. Freud would say Wynton was ______ in the ____ stage.
A)repressed; anal
B)fixated; oral
C)fixated; anal
D)anxious; phallic

Accepted Answer

Wynton's use of terms like "big mouth" and smoking cigars suggest that he may be fixated in the oral stage, where individuals seek pleasure through their mouth. Additionally, his strong desire to become a trumpet player and his daily practice suggest a preoccupation with oral activities.

Question 4

Which is the best illustration of the superego?
A)You borrow a car so that you can learn to drive.
B)You feel guilty because you cheated on a test.
C)You want to eat right now.
D)You can't go to the movies because you lost your money.

Accepted Answer

Feeling guilty after cheating on a test is an example of the superego, which is the part of the psyche that represents the internalization of moral standards and values. It is responsible for making a person feel guilty or ashamed when they violate those standards. The other options do not necessarily demonstrate the influence of the superego.

Question 5

Which best illustrates a child in the phallic stage of psychosexual development?
A)Billy acts out to get his mother's attention whenever she is alone with his father.
B)Kelly seeks out strangers for sexual encounters.
C)Alan always goes shopping with his father.
D)Maria has not had conscious sexual desires for the past year.

Accepted Answer

The phallic stage of psychosexual development is characterized by the child's curiosity and exploration of their own genitals, as well as their attraction to the opposite-sex parent and jealousy of the same-sex parent. Billy's behavior of acting out to get his mother's attention when she is alone with his father is a common behavior in this stage, as the child may feel threatened by the father's presence and may be attempting to assert dominance or gain the mother's attention and affection. This behavior suggests that Billy is in the phallic stage of psychosexual development.

B, C, and D do not illustrate behaviors commonly associated with the phallic stage. Kelly seeking out strangers for sexual encounters is not a typical behavior for children in this stage, and suggests other issues. Alan going shopping with his father does not necessarily relate to any stage of psychosexual development. Maria's lack of conscious sexual desires is not relevant to the phallic stage, as the child is usually very interested in their own sexual organs and those of others during this stage.

Question 6

The Oedipus complex occurs during the __________ stage.
A)phallic
B)genital
C)oral
D)anal

Accepted Answer

The Oedipus complex, according to Freudian theory, occurs during the third stage of psychosexual development, which is the phallic stage. During this stage, children become aware of their own gender identity and develop sexual urges towards their opposite-sex parent while simultaneously experiencing jealousy towards their same-sex parent. Freud believed that resolving this complex was crucial for a child’s healthy psychosexual development.

Question 7

Excessive verbal behavior may be an indication of an
A)Oedipus complex.
B)anal fixation.
C)Electra complex.
D)oral fixation.

Accepted Answer

Excessive verbal behavior is a characteristic of oral fixation, which is a psychoanalytic theory where an individual becomes fixated on oral pleasures (such as talking) due to unresolved issues during the oral stage of development.

Question 8

Which best demonstrates libido?
A)You are driven to spend money in excess.
B)You are driven to suicide.
C)You are driven to the supermarket.
D)You are driven to procreate.

Accepted Answer

Libido is the energy or drive towards fulfilling sexual desires, so being driven to procreate is the best example of this. A) and B) are not related to libido, and C) might have some motivation behind it but it is not related to sexual desire.

Question 9

The Electra complex involves
A)a girl wanting to kill her father and possess her mother.
B)a boy wanting to kill his father and possess his mother.
C)a girl longing for her father and resenting her mother.
D)a boy longing for his father and resenting his mother.

Accepted Answer

The Electra complex involves a girl longing for her father and resenting her mother. This concept was proposed by Carl Jung as a counterpart to the Oedipus complex, which involves a boy wanting to kill his father and possess his mother. However, the Electra complex is not widely accepted in modern psychology and is not considered a valid or useful concept.

Question 10

Casey says she feels bad because she broke her mother's vase. This feeling is most consistent with the
A)ego.
B)superego.
C)id.
D)positive regard.

Accepted Answer

Casey's feeling bad about breaking her mother's vase demonstrates a sense of guilt and responsibility, which are principles governed by the superego in Freudian psychology. The superego represents the internalized moral and ethical standards of society and authority figures, such as parents, and judges one's behavior based on these standards.

Therefore, the best choice in this scenario is B) superego.

Question 11

Elementary school children who separate and tend to play in groups of their own gender are demonstrating the _____ stage of psychosexual development.
A)anal
B)phallic
C)latency
D)genital

Accepted Answer

The latency stage occurs from age 6 until puberty, and during this time children tend to focus on developing social and intellectual skills rather than sexual ones. They may form friendships with members of the same gender and engage in activities that are gender-segregated, which can involve playing with same-gender groups. Therefore, elementary school children who separate and tend to play in groups of their own gender are demonstrating the latency stage of psychosexual development.

Question 12

Which defense mechanism is being used when an alcoholic criticizes everybody else for their inability to handle alcohol, but doesn't believe he has a problem in this area?
A)Rationalization
B)Projection
C)Sublimation
D)Regression

Accepted Answer

Projection involves attributing one's own undesirable feelings or characteristics onto someone else. In this case, the alcoholic is projecting their own issues with alcohol onto others while denying they have a problem themselves.

Question 13

Marisa is three months old and always chews her rattle. She is in the __________ stage.
A)anal
B)oral
C)phallic
D)latency

Accepted Answer

The oral stage is the first stage in psychosexual development, according to Freud's theory. It occurs from birth to 18 months, and during this stage, infants seek pleasure through their mouths, for example, through sucking, biting, and chewing. Therefore, Marisa is in the oral stage as she chews her rattle.

Question 14

Iris said that her mother made her steal because she wouldn't give her enough money to buy the clothes she wanted. This is a demonstration of which defense mechanism?
A)Sublimation
B)Repression formation
C)Alienation
D)Rationalization

Accepted Answer

This situation is an example of rationalization, where Iris justifies her behavior of stealing by blaming her mother for not providing her with enough money to buy the clothes she wanted.

Question 15

A fixation can occur during a psychosexual stage of development if there is
A)either too little or too much gratification.
B)a lack of libido energy.
C)too much eros.
D)none of these

Accepted Answer

A fixation can occur during a psychosexual stage of development if there is either too little or too much gratification. If a child does not receive enough gratification during a particular stage, it may result in fixation or an overemphasis on that particular stage in adult life. On the other hand, if a child receives too much gratification during a stage, they may become fixated on that stage and have difficulty moving on to the next stage of development.

Question 16

Carla has been called "sadistic." This is a(n) __________ trait.
A)oral
B)phallic
C)anal-retentive
D)anal-expulsive

Accepted Answer

The answer of Carla has been called "sadistic." This is...

Question 17

Which best characterizes the anal stage of development?
A)Deriving enjoyment from control of elimination of feces
B)Excessive breast feeding
C)Penis envy
D)Race car driving

Accepted Answer

The anal stage of development is usually around 1 to 3 years old, where a child gains pleasure from controlling the elimination of feces. This is due to the child's focus on the sensation of their anus and the satisfaction from releasing or withholding their bowels.

Question 18

The __________ principle guides the superego.
A)reality
B)crusaders
C)moral
D)pleasure

Accepted Answer

The superego operates based on the moral principle, which includes societal and cultural values of right and wrong. It seeks to control and regulate the impulses of the id and ensures that behavior is in accordance with the moral standards.

Question 19

According to Freud, __________ causes boys who are about five years old to repress their sexual feelings.
A)the pressure from teachers at school
B)the fact that they are too young to have sexual feelings
C)the pressure of desiring their mother and being jealous of their father
D)breast feeding

Accepted Answer

According to Freud's psychoanalytic theory, boys experience the Oedipus complex during the phallic stage of psychosexual development, which occurs from about ages three to six. During this stage, boys experience feelings of desire for their mother and jealousy of their father. These feelings can cause anxiety and the repression of sexual desires.

Question 20

The ego is to the _____ principle as the superego is to the _____ principle.
A)moral; reality
B)reality; pleasure
C)perfection; reality
D)reality; moral

Accepted Answer

The ego is guided by the reality principle, which seeks to satisfy basic needs in a socially acceptable manner. The superego, on the other hand, is guided by the moral principle, which represents the internalization of societal values and ideals. Therefore, the best choice is D, where the ego is associated with the reality principle and the superego is associated with the moral principle.

Quiz 10: Personality: Theory and Measurement

Excessive hand-washing may be an indication of an

Which person best illustrates the concept of conflict during the anal stage?

Wynton always wanted to be a trumpet player. He talked a lot about it as well as practiced every day. He used terms like "big mouth," and he also smoked cigars. Freud would say Wynton was __ in the stage.

Which is the best illustration of the superego?

Which best illustrates a child in the phallic stage of psychosexual development?

The Oedipus complex occurs during the __________ stage.

Excessive verbal behavior may be an indication of an

Which best demonstrates libido?

The Electra complex involves

Casey says she feels bad because she broke her mother's vase. This feeling is most consistent with the

Elementary school children who separate and tend to play in groups of their own gender are demonstrating the _____ stage of psychosexual development.

Which defense mechanism is being used when an alcoholic criticizes everybody else for their inability to handle alcohol, but doesn't believe he has a problem in this area?

Marisa is three months old and always chews her rattle. She is in the __________ stage.

Iris said that her mother made her steal because she wouldn't give her enough money to buy the clothes she wanted. This is a demonstration of which defense mechanism?

A fixation can occur during a psychosexual stage of development if there is

Carla has been called "sadistic." This is a(n) __________ trait.

Which best characterizes the anal stage of development?

The __________ principle guides the superego.

According to Freud, __________ causes boys who are about five years old to repress their sexual feelings.

The ego is to the _ principle as the superego is to the _ principle.