Question 1

A client tells Beck that he feels nobody cares about him or understands how he feels even though his wife is waiting for him and wants to take him out to lunch after his session. According to Beck, the client is exhibiting

Accepted Answer

The client is focusing solely on the negative aspect of his belief that nobody cares for him or understands him, while ignoring the positive evidence of his wife's care and desire to spend time with him. This is a classic example of selective perception, where the individual only pays attention to certain types of evidence or experiences that confirm their existing beliefs.

Question 2

Ellis's rational emotive behavior therapy is

Accepted Answer

Ellis's rational emotive behavior therapy is an active and directive form of therapy where the therapist challenges and confronts the irrational beliefs and thinking patterns of the client. The therapist helps the client to identify and change their negative thoughts and emotions.

Question 3

Your therapist has you focus on your tendency to magnify problems and catastrophic thinking. You are seeing a __________ therapist.

Accepted Answer

A therapist who helps clients identify and challenge distorted thought patterns and cognitive distortions, such as catastrophizing, is employing cognitive therapy techniques, making choice B the best answer. Psychodynamic therapy focuses on exploring unconscious conflicts and early childhood experiences, while behavioral and learning therapies typically focus on modifying specific behaviors rather than thought patterns.

Question 4

Which of the following statements is most true regarding the effectiveness of eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing?

Accepted Answer

While EMDR has been shown to be effective in treating PTSD and other trauma-based conditions, the exact degree of its effectiveness varies depending on the study and individual case. Therefore, while it has been proven to be effective, the extent of its effectiveness remains unclear.

Question 5

A patient with high blood pressure is connected to a device that allows the individual to listen for the sounds of his heart rate decreasing as he practices relaxation. This is most likely a _______ training session.

Accepted Answer

This scenario describes the use of biofeedback, which involves using electronic monitoring devices to provide individuals with information about their physiological processes, in this case, the sounds of their heart rate decreasing as they practice relaxation. The goal is for the individual to learn how to control these processes through feedback and practice. The other options, modeling, flooding, and shaping do not accurately describe this scenario.

Question 6

"But if I fail the test, I'll probably flunk the class, then most likely flunk out of college, my parents will kick me out, and I'll wind up homeless and on the street." Beck would call this thinking

Accepted Answer

This type of thinking is an example of magnification, where the individual exaggerates the potential consequences of failing one test.

Question 7

A functional analysis can serve to

Accepted Answer

A functional analysis can serve to motivate the individual to change behavior by helping them understand the consequences of their actions. It can also promote better understanding of what maintains a particular behavior, as it seeks to identify the antecedents and consequences of the behavior. Finally, it can infer possible methods for changing the behavior by identifying alternative behaviors and modifying the antecedents and consequences. Therefore, all of these options are valid reasons for conducting a functional analysis.

Question 8

If a client shares that he feels like he has no choice but to stay in an abusive relationship and the therapist challenges this idea to show the client that his thinking is unfounded, the therapist is most likely using ______ therapy.

Accepted Answer

Rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) often involves challenging clients' irrational beliefs and assumptions, helping them to see that their thinking may be unfounded and that they have more choices than they realize.

Question 9

The application of behavior modification to change one's own behavior requires recording behavior frequencies, when and where the behavior occurs, and the result of the behavior. This technique is called a

Accepted Answer

The answer of The application of behavior modification to change...

Question 10

The operant technique used to help formerly hospitalized patients live in communities is

Accepted Answer

Social skills training is a form of operant conditioning used to help individuals develop the social and interpersonal skills necessary to live in a community setting. This technique involves rewarding desired behaviors and punishing undesired behaviors to promote positive social interactions and encourage adaptive behavior. Successive approximations and exposure therapy are not directly related to community living, and rapid socialization is not a recognized operant conditioning technique.

Question 11

One of Beck's clients was laid off from her job as an airline pilot. The client assumes she must be a terrible pilot because she was one of the first to go. The client is exhibiting

Accepted Answer

The client is overgeneralizing by assuming that she must be a terrible pilot because she was laid off. This is a common cognitive distortion in which someone takes one negative experience as evidence of their overall worth or ability.

Question 12

You go to a therapist because you are having trouble finishing your school work. Your therapist suggests that you gradually increase your study time by five minutes per evening. In addition, after each hour of studying, you are told to reward yourself with a five-minute rest. Your therapist is using the operant conditioning method of

Accepted Answer

The therapist is using the operant conditioning technique called successive approximations, also known as shaping. This method involves breaking down a complex behavior (in this case, studying for an extended period) into smaller, more manageable steps, and reinforcing each step until the desired behavior is achieved. Gradually increasing study time by five minutes per evening is an example of shaping, as it encourages the individual to slowly build up their ability to focus for longer periods of time.

Question 13

A token economy is a behavioral treatment approach based on __________ conditioning principles.

Accepted Answer

A token economy is based on operant conditioning principles, which involve rewarding desired behaviors with tokens or points that can be exchanged for privileges or other desirable items. This approach aims to increase the frequency of positive behaviors and decrease the frequency of negative behaviors through positive reinforcement.

Question 14

Cognitive therapy is to changing _______ as behavior therapy is to changing _______.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive therapy aims to change negative or maladaptive thoughts and beliefs in order to bring about behavioral changes. Behavior therapy, on the other hand, focuses on changing specific behaviors in order to improve emotional or mental well-being. Therefore, Option A is the correct match.

Question 15

By keeping a journal of the events surrounding her consistently bad choices in men, Meg is doing a ______________ of her behavior.

Accepted Answer

Keeping a journal of events and analyzing them to identify patterns and triggers is an example of functional analysis. This type of analysis can help identify the antecedents and consequences that maintain certain behaviors and patterns, and can be a helpful tool in making positive changes. The other options do not accurately describe Meg's actions.

Question 16

Jackie's therapist wants her to adjust her appraisal of a recent event so she will be able to cope more effectively. Her therapist most likely uses the _______ approach.

Accepted Answer

The therapist is attempting to modify Jackie's thoughts (appraisals) about the event, which is a key focus of the cognitive approach. The humanistic approach emphasizes self-actualization and personal growth, the behavioral approach emphasizes learned behaviors and reinforcement, and the psychodynamic approach focuses on unconscious conflicts and childhood experiences.

Question 17

Bonnie chose to see her successes as luck and her failures as personal incompetence. Beck would call Bonnie's behavior

Accepted Answer

Selective perception is the correct answer because it involves focusing on certain aspects of a situation while ignoring others. In this case, Bonnie is focusing on her failures as personal incompetence while attributing successes to luck, ignoring her own role or effort in those successes.

Question 18

Biofeedback training (BFT) is a behavioral technique that helps patients gain control over

Accepted Answer

Biofeedback training involves using electronic devices to monitor and provide feedback about bodily functions such as heart rate, muscle tension, and brain activity. Patients learn to control these functions through relaxation and other techniques. Therefore, the correct choice is C - bodily functions. BFT does not involve gaining control over other people or circumstances, so A and B are incorrect. While fear may be a target of BFT, it is not the primary focus of the technique, so D is also incorrect.

Question 19

__________ makes you aware of the environmental context in which your behavior occurs and can increase your motivation to change.

Accepted Answer

Functional analysis involves examining the environmental factors that trigger and maintain a behavior. By increasing awareness of these factors, individuals can become more motivated to change their behavior. A and B are not related to environmental context or motivation to change, and D is a different approach to therapy altogether.

Question 20

Cognitive therapy differs from psychoanalytic therapy in that the former focuses on _______ while the latter focuses on _______.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive therapy focuses on a person's thoughts and beliefs, while psychoanalytic therapy is concerned with the unconscious mind and its influence on behavior.

Quiz 13: Methods of Therapy