Question 1

_____,in the Public Health approach, focuses on intervening with children and young people who are potentially at risk for becoming offenders.

Accepted Answer

Secondary prevention focuses on intervening with individuals or groups who are at high risk for developing a particular problem, in this case, becoming offenders. Primary prevention focuses on preventing the problem from occurring in the first place, while tertiary prevention focuses on individuals who have already developed the problem and are receiving treatment or rehabilitation. "General prevention" is not a term typically used in public health prevention.

Question 2

A popular and effective form of family support according to the text is _____.

Accepted Answer

Home visitation programs, such as Nurse-Family Partnership, have been found to be effective in promoting child health and development, improving parenting skills, and preventing child abuse and neglect. This form of family support involves trained professionals visiting families in their homes to provide education, guidance, and resources. Head Start and PALS are also beneficial programs, but they focus more on child education and development rather than direct family support. Mentor America is not mentioned in the text.

Question 3

One study puts the total cost of a murder, which includes victim costs plus costs to the justice system, at just under _____.

Accepted Answer

According to the study conducted by the National Institute of Justice, the total cost of a murder is just under $10 million, which includes victim costs, costs to the justice system, and costs to the community. Therefore, the best answer is D.

Question 4

A Rand study found that parent training costs about one-twentieth of what a home visit program costs and is more effective in preventing _____.

Accepted Answer

Parent training is found to be more effective in preventing serious crimes compared to the costlier home visit programs.

Question 5

The only national estimate of the costs of juvenile delinquency focuses on _____.

Accepted Answer

The only national estimate of the costs of juvenile delinquency focuses on juvenile violence. Other types of delinquent behaviors such as status crimes, sexual crimes, and substance abuse may have their own associated costs, but they are not included in this particular estimate.

Question 6

______received federal funding and attempted an integrated approach to community development.

Accepted Answer

Mobilization for Youth (MOBY) received federal funding and attempted an integrated approach to community development, specifically in New York City. The organization aimed to improve education, health, employment, and living conditions for disadvantaged youth and their families through various programs and services.

Question 7

______, in the Public Health approach, focuses on intervening with adjudicated juvenile offenders through such measures as substance abuse treatment and imprisonment.

Accepted Answer

Tertiary prevention in the Public Health approach focuses on intervening with individuals who are already experiencing a particular health problem or condition, in this case, adjudicated juvenile offenders. The goal is to minimize the negative consequences of the problem and prevent its recurrence. This may involve measures such as substance abuse treatment and imprisonment to reduce harm to the individual and the community and help the individual reintegrate into society. Primary prevention aims to prevent the occurrence of a problem, while secondary prevention focuses on early detection and intervention in individuals who are at higher risk of developing a particular problem. General prevention is a broad term that may encompass any or all of these approaches.

Question 8

The most widely cited parenting skills program is one created by the ______

Accepted Answer

The question is asking for the most widely cited parenting skills program, which is the one created by the Oregon Social Learning Center. The other answer choices are government agencies and learning centers that may be involved in child development, but they do not specifically relate to a parenting skills program.

Question 9

_______ has provided thousands of youths with advisors and relies on responsible and caring adults to volunteer their time as mentors to young people.

Accepted Answer

The Juvenile Mentoring Program is specifically designed to provide mentors for young people in need, relying on responsible and caring adults to volunteer their time as mentors. Project PATHE, Mobilization for Youth (MOBY), and the Quantum Opportunities Program may also provide support and resources to youth, but they do not specifically focus on pairing youths with adult mentors.

Question 10

The principle aim of the _____ initiative is to "identify and replicate effective youth violence prevention programs across the nation."

Accepted Answer

The Blueprint for Violence Prevention initiative specifically aims to identify and replicate effective youth violence prevention programs across the nation. The other initiatives mentioned may have similar goals, but their focus is broader or more specific.

Question 11

Started by Shaw and McKay, _____ was one of the earliest juvenile delinquency prevention programs.

Accepted Answer

The Chicago Area Project was one of the earliest juvenile delinquency prevention programs that was started by Shaw and McKay in Chicago. House of Refuge, Detached Street Workers, and Cambridge Project were initiatives that were aimed at providing aid and support to delinquent youth, rather than preventing delinquency.

Question 12

_____ focused on the effects of an early preventive intervention program for 6-year-old boys who were aggressive and hyperactive and from poor neighborhoods.

Accepted Answer

The Montreal Longitudinal-Experimental Study focused on the effects of an early preventive intervention program for 6-year-old boys who were aggressive and hyperactive and from poor neighborhoods.

Question 13

______ dispatched trained social workers to seek out and meet with youth gangs three to four times a week on the gang's own turf.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ______ dispatched trained social workers to seek...

Question 14

______as part of health education classes is one type of school-based prevention program that has received much attention in the U.S.in recent years.

Accepted Answer

Violence prevention curricula for adolescents is a type of school-based prevention program that has gained popularity in recent years as it aims to educate and empower students to prevent violence and promote positive conflict resolution skills. This program has been shown to be effective in reducing aggressive behavior among students and creating a safer school environment. Quantum Opportunities, Federal mentoring programs, and Juvenile mentoring programs are not directly related to violence prevention curricula for adolescents.

Question 15

______,in the Public Health approach, focuses on improving the general well-being of individuals through such measures as access to health care services and general prevention education.

Accepted Answer

Primary prevention is the focus of the Public Health approach and involves efforts to prevent diseases or injuries from occurring in the first place. This is done through measures such as improving access to health care services and providing education on general prevention methods, such as maintaining a healthy diet and regular exercise. Secondary and tertiary prevention, on the other hand, focus on early detection and treatment of diseases or injuries, and are not the primary focus of the Public Health approach. Choice D, "General prevention," is not a commonly used term in the Public Health field.

Question 16

______is a comprehensive program used in secondary schools that reduces school disorder and aims to improve the school environment.

Accepted Answer

Project PATHE (Positive Adolescent Training through Holistic Education) is an evidence-based program that involves a range of activities, including conflict resolution, character education, and community service, to improve the school environment and prevent problem behavior in secondary schools. The other programs listed focus on mentorship and skill-building for youth, but do not specifically address school disorder and environment.

Question 17

The Cambridge-Somerville Youth Study was one of the first delinquency prevention programs to be evaluated using a _____.

Accepted Answer

The question is asking for the type of evaluation used for the Cambridge-Somerville Youth Study. The best answer is D because the study was one of the first prevention programs to be evaluated using a randomized experimental design, which involved randomly assigning participants to either an experimental group that received the prevention program or a control group that did not receive the program. This allowed researchers to determine whether the program was effective in reducing delinquency behavior in the experimental group compared to the control group. Option A is partially correct, as control groups are commonly used in randomized experimental designs, but it does not fully capture the unique design of the Cambridge-Somerville Youth Study. Options B and C are not relevant to the evaluation design used in this study.

Question 18

In the _____ a major focus on delinquency prevention programs was to reach out to youth who were unlikely to use community centers.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the _____ a major focus on...

Question 19

The Oregon Social Learning Center (OSLC) personnel taught parents _____.

Accepted Answer

The article states that OSLC personnel "taught parents discipline strategies that emphasized firmness while also affording opportunity for praise and affection." This suggests that option A, which mentions disciplinary techniques that stress firmness, is the best choice. The other options are not supported by the article.

Question 20

In 1933, Clifford Shaw and Henry McKay developed the _____

Accepted Answer

Clifford Shaw and Henry McKay developed the Chicago Area Project in 1933 as a community-based initiative to address juvenile delinquency through social organization and community involvement.

Quiz 12: Delinquency Prevention