Question 1

As the flood receded from the town,the Disaster Action Team (DAT)met for debriefing.Why is this debriefing important for the whole community,as well as for the disaster team members?

Accepted Answer

The experience of implementing the disaster plan is extremely useful in knowing which changes need to be made.

Question 2

Of the following families,which is most likely to need the most support to recover from the loss of electricity?

Accepted Answer

The scope and severity of the disaster have a major effect on a person's ability to cope.In general,people without electricity for longer periods of time have a more difficult time.Consequently,2 weeks is more difficult than a few days to be without a major utility.

Question 3

Which fact would suggest to a family that they may want to check building codes and availability of insurance and reconsider the location of their next home?

Accepted Answer

Most disasters are infrequent (such as being struck by lightning)and controllable (a person does not have to smoke,particularly in bed),but if such an event is predictable and frequent,action should be taken to avoid a disaster.In this case,it is probably foolish to build in an area where forest fires recur at frequent intervals.

Question 4

The Mississippi River floods a small riverside town.A few citizens decide to stay even after the flood hits the town.Assuming flooding overwhelms city services,which of the following is the most dangerous problem?

Accepted Answer

Canned food would be edible.Although anxiety,tension,and sleeplessness may well occur,safe drinking water is the most important immediate physiologic need.Priority would have to be first to obtain safe drinking water for stranded people.

Question 5

Which of the following actions is the most important to perform first in caring for victims of a mass casualty incident?

Accepted Answer

A mass casualty incident involves 100 or more people,which overwhelms a single institution,help must be summoned immediately,before the patients even arrive.

Question 6

Several people were involved in a local community shooting,and one victim died shortly thereafter.Which person will need the most help immediately after the shooting?

Accepted Answer

Personal variables influence an individual's reaction.Psychological proximity and previous experience influence response.Risk for developing severe consequences is greater if that person is emotionally close to the individual affected or has never before experienced a disaster.

Question 7

Which natural disaster is the most common worldwide?

Accepted Answer

Flooding is the most common natural disaster worldwide and also the third leading cause of weather-related deaths in the United States.

Question 8

Of the following communities,which had a poor reaction to a disaster?

Accepted Answer

Healthy cities that are susceptible to particular disasters on a frequent basis try to establish prewarning,or control,measures that can reduce the impact of disasters.Thus,a healthy community is one that plans to minimize damage and strengthens structural resources.An unhealthy community might just give up.

Question 9

Of the following disasters,which would probably cause the most suffering?

Accepted Answer

Certain characteristics of humans influence the severity of the disaster's effect on individuals and communities.For example,the age of a person,preexisting health problems,degree of mobility,and emotional stability all play a part in how someone responds in a disaster situation.Because patients with Alzheimer disease are less cognitively capable and physically less fit,many of them would probably be unable to escape and therefore would be injured or killed.

Question 10

A terrorist releases a poison gas in a crowded subway.This is an example of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

By definition,release of poison gas is a man-made disaster.Man-made disasters include war,chemical and biologic terrorism,transportation accidents,food or water contamination,and building collapse.

Question 11

In a city where tornadoes have been known to strike,an emergency siren sounds,suggesting to its citizens that an emergency is imminent.What should a community/public health nurse do first?

Accepted Answer

On the basis of their employment position,nurses should know their role and specific responsibilities for disaster response.Therefore,the nurse should be prepared to follow the emergency preparedness plan.

Question 12

Which of the following is an appropriate definition of mitigation?

Accepted Answer

Mitigation is a term used in disaster planning that describes actions or processes,or both,that can be used to prevent or reduce the damage caused by a specific disaster event.

Question 13

Why might citizens be concerned about disasters,especially terrorism,even before they occur?

Accepted Answer

Worldwide,there have been an increased number of terrorist activities that have been widely publicized using various forms of media.

Question 14

A family is supporting each other in the emergency shelter after a flood.The nurse overhears the conversation.Which family member most needs the other family members to listen and understand?

Accepted Answer

The nurse should concentrate on the victim whose perception of the disaster is the most overwhelming.Losing one's personal history would be the most overwhelming loss both psychologically and objectively.

Question 15

A nurse,serving as a volunteer,was helping community residents who had been taken to an emergency shelter for food,clothes,and life necessities.Of the following families,which is in most need of receiving assistance from the nurse?

Accepted Answer

Professionally,the nurse should concentrate on the victim to whom the disaster is the most overwhelming psychologically.

Question 16

In an earthquake,the roads and underground pipes were all destroyed.Fires and explosions began to occur from the broken leaking gas lines.Which of the following would be used to describe the fire?

Accepted Answer

The earthquake was the primary agent that caused the damage;the fires were secondary agents that resulted from damage by the primary agent.In this incident,primary agents include falling buildings,heat,wind,rising water,chemical and biologic agents,and smoke;secondary agents include bacteria and viruses that produce contamination or infection after the primary agent has caused injury or destruction.Primary and secondary agents vary according to the type of disaster.

Question 17

When is the term mass casualty incident used in a disaster or crisis?

Accepted Answer

In a multiple casualty incident,2 to 99 people are injured.In a mass casualty incident,a large number people,usually 100 or more,are injured,which significantly overwhelms available emergency medical services,facilities,and resources.

Question 18

What group or organization defined the term disaster as "a threatening or occurring event," either natural or man-made,"that causes human suffering and creates human needs that victims cannot alleviate without assistance"?

Accepted Answer

The American Red Cross-the voluntary agency historically most involved in disaster relief-so defined the term in 1975.

Question 19

Which of the following citizens trapped in a flood is in most need of supportive intervention by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

The man who had no previous experience with a flood is psychologically unprepared for the disaster,whereas the other three citizens seem more prepared or do not seem to perceive the disaster as overwhelming.

Question 20

Floods have hit a small town on the Mississippi many times.The last time,a levee broke,and there was extensive property damage,as well as several deaths.What should be the first preparation that the nurse should make before another flood hits?

Accepted Answer

Nurses should establish their own family disaster response plans to protect their family and homes and still be able to respond to their community's need.

Quiz 22: Disaster Management: Caring for Communities in an Emergency

As the flood receded from the town,the Disaster Action Team (DAT) met for debriefing.Why is this debriefing important for the whole community,as well as for the disaster team members?