Question 1

Miyako watches her son Daichi run out of the house on a chilly spring day in a light t-shirt."He'll be back for a jacket in a few minutes," she thinks to herself.Sure enough,Daichi suddenly bursts in,grabs his jacket,and runs out again.What led Miyako to accurately predict her son's behavior?

Accepted Answer

The ability to understand and predict other people's behavior based on their thoughts and intentions is referred to as theory of mind. In this scenario, Miyako was able to accurately predict Daichi's behavior because she understood that he would feel the cold and come back for his jacket. This demonstrates her ability to understand and predict her son's actions based on his thoughts and intentions.

Question 2

When Lamont saw Debbie looking at her neighbor's paper during the spelling test,he immediately raised his hand and told the teacher that Debbie was cheating.Which component of morality is Lamont demonstrating?

Accepted Answer

Lamont is demonstrating the behavioral component of morality by taking action (raising his hand and telling the teacher) upon observing what he perceives as an immoral act (cheating). This component involves how moral understanding is put into action in real situations.

Question 3

According to Greene,there is a(n)_____ process that allows us to automatically focus on the harm that would be caused were we to violate a moral principle.

Accepted Answer

Greene suggests that our automatic and intuitive process of moral decision-making is based on our innate ability to focus on the harm that may result from violating a moral principle. This process is quick and automatic and does not require much conscious deliberation. Therefore, option A) intuitive is the best choice.

Question 4

What is the underlying concept of the false belief task?

Accepted Answer

The false belief task aims to assess a person's ability to understand that someone else may hold a belief that is different from one's own. This requires taking someone else's perspective and being able to understand their thoughts and beliefs, which is an important aspect of social cognition. A and B are not directly related to the false belief task, and D is not accurate as pretending to feel sympathy is not a part of the task.

Question 5

Matthew works regularly with an autism counselor at his school.Today the focus is practicing emotional response,because Matthew generally has no reaction if a classmate displays sadness or anger or joy.Matthew's behavior is a symptom of his ________.

Accepted Answer

Matthew's behavior is a symptom of mind blindness, which is a common characteristic of autism. Mind blindness refers to difficulties in understanding and predicting other people's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, which can result in difficulty in recognizing and responding appropriately to emotions. Love withdrawal and conduct disorder are conditions associated with different symptoms, and moral disengagement refers to a specific behavior pattern in which a person can justify unethical behavior.

Question 6

Which of the following demonstrates that infants have a conceptual understanding of morality?

Accepted Answer

Expressing surprise at an unfair situation demonstrates that infants have a sense of fairness and unfairness, which is a concept related to morality. Offering to help or giving a hug may demonstrate empathy or kindness, but may not necessarily reflect a conceptual understanding of morality. Playing nicely with others may reflect social skills, but again, may not necessarily reflect a conceptual understanding of morality.

Question 7

Cross-cultural findings support the ______ perspective on moral development.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Cross-cultural findings support the ______ perspective on...

Question 8

Which of the following situations reflects a theory of mind?

Accepted Answer

Jorge wanting a cookie involves attributing mental states (a desire for a cookie) to another person (Jorge), which is a key aspect of having a theory of mind. The other options do not necessarily involve this mental processing.

Question 9

When considering social cognitive causes of aggression,concern over a person's levels of impulsivity best reflect the extent to which the problem is due to _____ one thinks.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When considering social cognitive causes of aggression,concern...

Question 10

Regarding moral development in adulthood,which is true?

Accepted Answer

Postconventional thinking is the highest level of moral development according to Lawrence Kohlberg's theory. It involves an individual's ability to think beyond social norms and expectations and make decisions based on universal ethical principles. While postconventional thinking may start emerging during adolescence, it continues to develop and become more complex throughout adulthood. Therefore, option D is the correct answer. Option A is incorrect because there is no evidence to suggest that moral development progresses faster in older males than in older females. Option B is incorrect because although some studies have shown a decline in specific aspects of moral reasoning in older adults, overall moral development does not necessarily deteriorate in old age. Option C is incorrect because preconventional thinking is a lower level of moral development, characterized by a focus on self-interest and obedience to authority, and is more common in children than in adults.

Question 11

Why is pretend play important for the development of social cognition?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why is pretend play important for the...

Question 12

Which statement concerning the role of genetics in determining aggression is true?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that children who inherit a genetic predisposition toward aggression may evoke aggressive reactions from their parents, resulting in a cycle of aggression. This suggests that genetics plays a role in determining aggression, but it is not the only factor. Factors such as environmental influences and personal experiences can also shape aggressive behavior. A and B are incorrect because behavioral geneticists do not suggest that genetics can account for such a high percentage of aggression, and the idea that males are more aggressive due to their evolutionary-based desire to have more children is a controversial and debated topic among evolutionary psychologists. D is also incorrect as there is no evidence to support a paradox effect in relation to genetic predisposition towards aggression.

Question 13

After sitting on the bench for 15 minutes with the wallet she found,Bonnie decided that a person walking around with $1500 in their pocket clearly didn't have money problems,so she decided to keep the cash and pay off her bills.Which component of morality is Bonnie demonstrating as she sits on the bench?

Accepted Answer

Bonnie is demonstrating the cognitive component of morality as she rationalizes her decision to keep the money based on her assessment of the situation and the owner's financial status.

Question 14

According to Haidt's evolutionary theory,humans have evolved as a species in which

Accepted Answer

According to Haidt's evolutionary theory, humans have evolved to have quick moral intuitions as a critical factor in decision-making. This is based on the idea that emotions and intuitions have a strong evolutionary basis and have been shaped by natural selection. Therefore, option A is the correct choice. Options B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not align with Haidt's evolutionary theory of morality.

Question 15

Persons in collectivist cultures may look like they are at Kohlberg's _____ of moral reasoning despite having sophisticated ideas about justice.

Accepted Answer

Persons in collectivist cultures prioritize social harmony and group cohesion over individual rights and justice, which aligns with Kohlberg's stage 3 of moral reasoning where individuals seek approval and acceptance of others in their community. This does not necessarily mean that they lack sophisticated ideas about justice or cannot reach higher stages of moral reasoning, but their cultural value system may influence their priorities and decision-making when it comes to moral dilemmas.

Question 16

After picking him up from the principal's office,Joel talked with his son Taye about the incident at school."I bet you were upset that Donte's painting was picked to be in the lobby,but it's not appropriate to hit him.How do you think he feels,with his best friend giving him a black eye?" What is Joel demonstrating with Taye?

Accepted Answer

Joel is demonstrating mind-mindedness by acknowledging Taye's feelings and encouraging him to consider Donte's perspective, which involves recognizing and thinking about the mental states of others.

Question 17

At the vaccination clinic,as soon as the first baby received the injection and started crying,all the other babies in the nurse practitioner's office burst into tears.These infants are demonstrating ________.

Accepted Answer

The infants are demonstrating empathy, the ability to understand and share the feelings of others, as they started crying after seeing another baby cry. This shows their ability to empathize with the pain or discomfort of the other baby.

Question 18

Kohlberg's model of moral development has been characterized as placing too great an emphasis on

Accepted Answer

Kohlberg's model places a heavy emphasis on moral reasoning as the primary factor that drives moral development, often overlooking the influence of other factors such as emotions, socialization, and cultural differences.

Question 19

Concerning the developmental pattern of religiosity and spirituality,

Accepted Answer

The answer of Concerning the developmental pattern of religiosity and...

Question 20

Which of the following best reflects the concept of social cognition?

Accepted Answer

Social cognition refers to the process of thinking about how people function within society, including their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. It involves understanding social norms, relationships, and interactions, as well as being able to make judgments and predictions about others' behavior.

Quiz 13: Social Cognition and Moral Development