Question 1

Which lobe of the brain is primarily responsible for processing bodily sensations,like tickling

Accepted Answer

The parietal lobe of the brain is primarily responsible for processing bodily sensations like touch, temperature, and pain. It also plays a role in processing spatial awareness and navigation.

Question 2

Vivian has been experiencing unexplained flashes of light and colour,even when her eyes are closed.She recently saw a neurologist who located a small brain tumour.Where is Vivian's tumour likely to be located

Accepted Answer

The occipital lobe is responsible for processing visual information, so a brain tumor located in this area could cause visual disturbances such as flashes of light and color.

Question 3

Aretha had severe epilepsy,and surgeons removed portions of her hippocampus to control the severity of her seizures.What ability is likely to be affected by Aretha's surgery

Accepted Answer

The hippocampus is an important brain structure involved in memory formation. Removing portions of it can have a significant impact on the ability to form new memories. Choices A, C, and D are not directly related to the function of the hippocampus.

Question 4

Research has identified a "pleasure centre" in rat brains,and researchers have determined that rats will press a lever thousands of times to have a tiny electrode stimulate this area of the brain.What brain area is it

Accepted Answer

The "pleasure center" in rat brains is located in the hypothalamus. Rat experiments have found that rats will repeatedly press a lever to stimulate this area with an electrode, leading to the hypothesis that the hypothalamus plays a key role in reward and pleasure.

Question 5

Padraigh woke up one day,unable to reach properly for objects,even though he could both see them and feel them.His doctor determined that Padraigh had a stroke and that the damage was confined to one portion of his brain.Which part is most likely damaged

Accepted Answer

The parietal lobe is responsible for processing sensory information such as touch and spatial awareness. Damage to this area can result in difficulties with body awareness and spatial processing, which could explain Padraigh's difficulty in reaching for objects while still being able to see and feel them.

Question 6

With which of the following can you expect to have problems if you have damaged your temporal lobe

Accepted Answer

The temporal lobe of the brain is responsible for processing auditory and visual information. Damage to this area can result in problems with hearing and vision, such as difficulty recognizing objects or faces, trouble interpreting spoken language, or experiencing auditory hallucinations. Damage to the temporal lobe may also affect memory and emotional regulation. Touch and taste are primarily processed in other areas of the brain.

Question 7

Which lobe of the brain,when electrically stimulated,causes people to report physical sensations as if they had been touched

Accepted Answer

The parietal lobe is responsible for processing information related to the sense of touch, among other sensory information. When this lobe is electrically stimulated, people may report physical sensations as if they had been touched.

Question 8

By altering brain structures,an evil scientist has created supervillains who have specialized powers or abilities.One of these supervillains is absolutely fearless and takes on extremely dangerous missions.What brain structure was most likely altered to produce this particularly fearless supervillain

Accepted Answer

The amygdala is known to play a crucial role in processing emotions, particularly fear. Its alteration can result in a reduction of fear responses, which is likely the case for this supervillain who displays absolute fearlessness in dangerous situations.

Question 9

What is the largest and most complex part of the human brain

Accepted Answer

The cerebrum is the largest and most complex part of the human brain, responsible for conscious thought, language, processing sensory information, and controlling voluntary movement. It is divided into two hemispheres and has four lobes: the frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes.

Question 10

Which term refers to the convoluted outer layer of the cerebrum

Accepted Answer

The term that refers to the convoluted outer layer of the cerebrum is the cerebral cortex. The cerebral cortex is responsible for important functions such as information processing, sensory perception, voluntary movement, and consciousness.

Question 11

By altering brain structures,an evil scientist has created supervillains who have specialized powers or abilities.One of these supervillains seldom feels hungry or thirsty and can go for days without feeling the need to eat or drink.Which brain area has likely been altered

Accepted Answer

The hypothalamus is responsible for regulating hunger, thirst, and other basic physiological functions. By altering this brain structure, the evil scientist could have created a supervillain who seldom feels hungry or thirsty, allowing them to go for days without eating or drinking.

Question 12

Where do "pleasure centres" in the brain appear to be most heavily concentrated

Accepted Answer

The limbic system, particularly the nucleus accumbens and ventral tegmental area, are the regions of the brain where pleasure centers are heavily concentrated. These regions are involved in reward, motivation, and reinforcement of behavior, including the experience of pleasure.

Question 13

If you connect an electrode to a device that will deliver stimulation directly to the brain,where should you insert the electrode to cause a sensation of pleasure

Accepted Answer

The medial forebrain bundle is a pathway in the brain that is associated with pleasure and reward. Stimulating this area has been shown to elicit feelings of pleasure and happiness. Therefore, inserting the electrode into the medial forebrain bundle is the best choice for causing a sensation of pleasure.

Question 14

Which brain structure is responsible for the human ability to engage in higher mental activity such as thinking and philosophizing

Accepted Answer

The cerebrum is responsible for higher mental activity such as thinking, philosophizing, problem-solving, and so on. It also controls conscious movement and sensation. The limbic system is responsible for emotion and behavior, the corpus callosum connects the two hemispheres of the brain and the cerebellum is responsible for motor coordination and balance.

Question 15

Which brain structure is most closely associated with the regulation of emotion

Accepted Answer

The limbic system, which includes structures such as the amygdala, hippocampus, and hypothalamus, is most closely associated with the regulation of emotion. These structures are involved in processes such as motivation, reward, fear, and pleasure, all of which are closely related to emotion.

Question 16

By altering brain structures,an evil scientist has created supervillains who have specialized powers or abilities.One of these supervillains has a fantastic memory and can form new memories incredibly well.In this case,which brain structure was likely altered

Accepted Answer

The hippocampus is responsible for forming and consolidating new memories. If this brain structure was altered to enhance its functioning, it could result in a supervillain with exceptional memory abilities.

Question 17

Madeleine has learned to fear thunder and lightning storms.Which area of her brain was likely very active when Madeleine's fear was first acquired

Accepted Answer

The amygdala is a key region in the brain involved in the acquisition and expression of fear. It is responsible for processing emotionally charged stimuli, including fearful stimuli such as thunder and lightning. Therefore, it is likely that the amygdala was very active when Madeleine first acquired her fear of these storms.

Question 18

Which structure connects the two cerebral hemispheres

Accepted Answer

The corpus callosum connects the left and right cerebral hemispheres of the brain, allowing for communication and coordination between the two hemispheres. The pineal gland is an endocrine gland that regulates sleep cycles, the pons is a part of the brainstem that plays a role in breathing and other vital functions, and the thalamus is a structure that relays sensory information to different areas of the brain. However, none of these structures directly connect the two cerebral hemispheres in the way that the corpus callosum does.

Question 19

Sharif suffered a stroke recently,and now he finds he constantly hears a buzzing sound in his ear.Where is the damage located

Accepted Answer

The temporal lobe is responsible for processing auditory information, so damage to this area can lead to the perception of a buzzing sound in the ear.

Question 20

When Taryk slipped on the stairs and hit his head,he saw "stars" for several minutes.The "stars" were most likely a result of activity in which area of the brain

Accepted Answer

The occipital lobes are responsible for processing visual information, including the perception of light and color. When Taryk hit his head, it is possible that activity in his occipital lobes was disrupted, causing him to see "stars" or flashes of light. Activity in the parietal cortex is more related to spatial reasoning and perception of touch, the temporal lobes are involved in auditory processing and memory formation, and the prefrontal cortex plays a role in decision-making and planning.

Quiz 3: A: The Biological Bases of Behaviour