Question 1

Which scenario represents a dysfunctional pattern?

Accepted Answer

A pattern is potentially dysfunctional when sufficient evidence exists or enough risk factors are present to indicate that a pattern of dysfunction will likely occur if interventions are not instituted.A dysfunctional pattern is a problem when it represents a deviation from established norms or the individual's previous condition or goal.Dysfunctional patterns may be present in the absence of disease, and nursing care may be necessary for health promotion and maintenance.The teenager, although free of disease, is in need of health promotion and disease prevention strategies because her sexual behavior indicates a dysfunction in her sexuality-reproductive pattern that places her at risk for a sexually transmitted disease and pregnancy.

Question 2

During a health history, a person reports getting 5 h of sleep a night.What does this information indicate to the nurse?

Accepted Answer

The single most important factor assessed in the sleep-rest pattern is probably the perception of adequacy of sleep and relaxation.The objective when assessing the sleep-rest pattern is to describe the effectiveness of the pattern from the person's perspective.Wide variation in sleep time does not necessarily affect functional performance.Different individuals require different amounts of sleep.Thus, without further subjective data, the nurse is not able to make a diagnosis in this functional pattern.

Question 3

A nurse assesses the cognitive-perceptual pattern of a Type 1 diabetic care recipient.Which finding has implications for the individual's nursing plan of care?

Accepted Answer

Assessment parameters in the cognitive-perceptual pattern include hearing, vision, smell, and taste.A person with Type 1 diabetes mellitus requires insulin injections.A decrease in visual acuity will make it difficult for the individual to draw up his or her medication and therefore will influence the nurse's plan of care.

Question 4

Which scenario indicates a potentially dysfunctional pattern?

Accepted Answer

A pattern is potentially dysfunctional when sufficient evidence exists or enough risk factors are present to indicate that a pattern of dysfunction will likely occur if interventions are not instituted.A dysfunctional pattern is a problem when it represents a deviation from established norms or from the individual's previous condition or goal.The woman who lost her job indicates a potential dysfunction pattern because the stress of losing her job places her at risk for ineffective coping.The other scenarios are not potentially dysfunctional; by definition, they are dysfunctional.

Question 5

Which of the following statements is correct concerning functional focus in assessing a care recipient?

Accepted Answer

Functional focus speaks to level of performance.Such focus is not unique to nursing and, in fact, utilized by a variety of disciplines across the healthcare spectrum.It is not a replacement to NANDA, but rather best used in transdisciplinary communication in conjunction with NANDA-I.The text offers the following info: Functional focus refers to an individual's performance level.Other disciplines plan care using functional patterns, but assessment data vary among disciplines.Physical therapists and occupational therapists, for example, focus on physical ability to perform activities of daily living and rely on assessments of independent ability to carry out personal activities of daily living to develop their plans.For physicians, genitourinary function refers to frequency or voiding patterns and characteristics of urine, such as color, odor, and laboratory analysis results.In addition to these factors of genitourinary function, nurses assess how the particular voiding pattern affects lifestyle, particularly how urinary frequency affects sleep patterns and the ability to perform activities such as shopping or socializing.Additional concerns might include the individual's ability to walk or climb stairs to the bathroom or to manage these activities safely at night.It has been suggested for all health disciplines to employ the Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health.Relying on this classification could promote transdisciplinary communication about functional patterns when used along with the NANDA-International taxonomy.

Question 6

Who authored the framework that provides the foundation for nursing assessment and diagnosis using the functional health patterns?

Accepted Answer

Gordon's framework provides the foundation for most NANDA nursing diagnoses using the functional health pattern.Nurses use the framework to combine assessment skills with subjective and objective data to construct patterns.

Question 7

A nurse is using a functional focus to assess a person.Which of the following the nurse be evaluating?

Accepted Answer

Functional focus refers to the individual's performance level.Nurses assess how particular visual patterns affect lifestyle.The ability to drive would affect a person's lifestyle and might require a change in how the person functions.

Question 8

A nurse is counseling a person with a dysfunctional sleep pattern.Which of the following recommendations would the nurse most likely give the person?

Accepted Answer

Etiological factors of most dysfunctional patterns often lie within another pattern or patterns.Outcomes and plans are based on probable cause.Exercising before bed, watching television, and reading in bed are not considered appropriate sleep hygiene.Frequent urination may be the cause of his dysfunctional sleep pattern and, if so, avoiding fluids before bed would be an appropriate plan.

Question 9

Which nurse is rendering culturally attuned care?

Accepted Answer

The nurse who assists family of a Hispanic care recipient to light candles is the only nurse providing culturally attuned care.Hispanic culture provides for religious rituals to including the lighting of candles especially within the context of Catholicism.All of the other choices depict nurses facilitating healing measures which are not recognized within that particular culture, although the practices mentioned are, in fact, recognized by other cultures.Box 6-2 presents information on common cultural perspectives for various populations of care recipients who commonly present for care.The text defines culturally attuned care as follows: Culturally competent care respects the underlying personal and cultural reality of individuals.Given that one may never be fully competent in cultures other than their own culture, the term cultural attunement may be more descriptive of the aim.Nurses provide more culturally attuned care when they use cultural norms, values, communication, and time patterns in reflective practice.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes a primary prevention method for colon cancer?

Accepted Answer

Primary prevention includes generalized health promotion and specific protection from disease.Hemoccult and colonoscopy are forms of screening, not prevention.Eating a healthy diet high in fiber is a preventive measure.

Question 11

Which of the following nurses is providing culturally competent care to the care recipient?

Accepted Answer

Culturally competent care is delivered with knowledge of and sensitivity to cultural factors influencing health behavior.Complex cultural patterns transmitted from former generations contribute to individuals' health behavior.Culturally competent care respects the underlying personal and cultural reality of individuals.Given that one may never be fully competent in cultures other than their own culture, the term cultural attunement may be more descriptive of the aim.Culturally competent care is not about the nurse's ethics or culture.It is about the cultural beliefs of the care recipient.Moreover, while nurses are exempt from assisting in a procedure which violates their ethics, they are not permitted to refuse care to individual care recipients who have had procedures which violate the nurse's ethics.The nurse depicted in choice A is clearly out of line.Also, it is not always possible to assign a staff who is from the same culture as the care recipient and doing so would not guarantee of culturally competent care, in any event.The aide from a given culture could conceivably reject that culture.The nurse who honors a care recipient's request to allow a visit from the tribal medicine man is practicing culturally competent care.

Question 12

Healthy People 2020 objectives provide a framework for

Accepted Answer

The health-promotion initiative named Healthy People 2010 provides a framework for prevention.

Question 13

A nurse is caring for a person with a potential dysfunction in the health perception-health management pattern.Which of the following nursing interventions would most likely be performed?

Accepted Answer

Potential problems are risk states.Nursing interventions are directed toward risk reduction through education.Health promotion requires the individual to participate in his own care, and he cannot do this if he does not recognize his susceptibility to an impending health problem.Providing education addresses the risk and provides the person with information needed to change beliefs.The other options make the person a passive participant rather than an active one.

Question 14

When assessing a person's nutritional-metabolic pattern, which objective finding would have implications for nursing intervention?

Accepted Answer

Although all of the assessment parameters listed have implications for nursing diagnosis and planning for this care recipient, the only objective measure is the care recipient's dentition.It is the only one that can be validated with a physical exam.

Question 15

Over the last week, a person has had finger stick glucose levels of 127, 132, 140, 138, 143, 145, and 140.This information allows the nurse to characterize the person's function pattern by utilizing which area of focus?

Accepted Answer

Pattern focus implies that the nurse explores patterns or sequences of behavior over time.Pattern recognition occurs during information collection.Functional health patterns then provide structure to analyze factors.

Question 16

When assessing a care recipient's activity-exercise pattern, which subjective finding has implications for nursing practice?

Accepted Answer

Although all findings are important in assessing the activity-exercise pattern, the only subjective finding is the amount of leisure time that the person reports having.All others are objective findings and can be validated with a physical exam.

Question 17

A nurse weighs a person who has been diagnosed with a dysfunction in the nutritional-metabolic pattern.Which aspect of the nursing process is being performed?

Accepted Answer

The nursing process consists of assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation.A person who has been diagnosed with a dysfunction has already been assessed.The process of analyzing changes experienced by a person after a plan has been implemented occurs in the evaluation phase.In this question, a weight will determine whether or not the person is moving toward her goals of weight loss.

Question 18

A care recipient is experiencing an alteration in the health perception-health management pattern and an alteration in the values-beliefs pattern.Which of the following best describes the behavior of this person?

Accepted Answer

Health beliefs and perceptions directly affect participation in care.Dimensions of assessment in the values-beliefs pattern include the individual's values, beliefs, or goals that guide choices or decisions that are related to health.People who do not believe in health-promotion activities will likely see a physician only when sick.Thus, someone with an alteration in the health perception-health management and values-beliefs patterns will likely only see a physician if not feeling well.

Question 19

The nurse has determined that a person has a dysfunction in the nutritional-metabolic pattern.Which action would be the next step for the nurse to take?

Accepted Answer

The individual's goals and the determined diagnosis provide the basis for planning.Before developing a plan, a goal must be set.Clarity of the goals and diagnosis is critical to the development of an effective plan.In this case, the diagnosis has already been established and thus assessment of this pattern has occurred (weight, favorite foods).The next step before developing a plan is to set a goal weight with the care recipient.

Question 20

A 27-year-old woman has not received a Pap test i  n years.This assessment finding identifies an alteration in which functional pattern?

Accepted Answer

Assessment objectives for the health perception-health management pattern consist of obtaining data about perceptions, management, and preventive health practices.Exploring these values identifies potential health hazards.A 27-year-old woman should receive a Pap test every 2 years.Failing to do so could place her at risk for health problems; thus, this finding identifies an alteration in the health perception-health management pattern.

Quiz 6: Health Promotion and the Individual