Question 1

During which part of pregnancy would an abdominal surgery be considered safest for both mother and fetus?
A) first trimester
B) second trimester
C) third trimester
D) concurrent with delivery

Accepted Answer

The second trimester is generally considered the safest time for abdominal surgery during pregnancy. During the first trimester, there is a risk of harming the developing fetus, and in the third trimester, there is an increased risk of preterm labor and other complications. Concurrent with delivery is also an option in certain cases, but it is not always the safest choice for either the mother or the fetus. Thus, B is the best choice among the options given.

Question 2

High- or low-velocity projectiles are factors in which type of injuries?
A) blunt
B) electrical
C) hypothermia
D) penetrating

Accepted Answer

High-velocity projectiles cause penetrating injuries, while low-velocity projectiles may cause blunt injuries.

Question 3

Which level of trauma center designation can meet all the needs required for treating patients on a 24-hour basis?
A) Level I
B) Level II
C) Level III
D) Level IV

Accepted Answer

Level I trauma centers are equipped to provide comprehensive trauma care to patients 24/7 in all specialties, including surgery, intensive care, and emergency medicine. They have the most resources and capabilities for treating the most severely injured patients.

Question 4

The term golden hour refers to reduction of morbidity and mortality of which type of patient population?
A) pregnant patients
B) trauma victims
C) premature neonates
D) organ transplant recipients

Accepted Answer

The term golden hour refers to the first hour following a traumatic injury, during which prompt medical treatment can greatly improve the patient's chances of survival and reduce long-term disability. It is particularly important in the case of trauma victims.

Question 5

Which patient condition might be characterized by physical appearance of flat nasal bridge and short neck with some impairment of cognitive ability and growth, slower speech, and an affectionate to clingy persona?
A) Alzheimer's disease
B) Down syndrome
C) juvenile diabetes
D) pituitary dwarfism

Accepted Answer

The physical characteristics described, such as a flat nasal bridge and short neck, are common in individuals with Down syndrome. Additionally, impaired cognitive ability and slower speech are common features of the condition, as well as a tendency towards an affectionate or clingy personality. Alzheimer's disease primarily affects memory and cognitive function in older individuals, while juvenile diabetes primarily affects the body's ability to regulate blood sugar levels. Pituitary dwarfism can also cause growth impairment, but does not typically involve facial or cognitive differences like those described.

Question 6

During a surgical procedure on a pregnant patient, the surgical technologist in the scrub role may be asked to palpate what area to detect possible contractions?
A) carotid artery
B) gravid uterus
C) radial artery
D) xiphoid process

Accepted Answer

The gravid uterus (the pregnant uterus) may be palpated by the surgical technologist in the scrub role to detect possible contractions during a surgical procedure on a pregnant patient. This is important information for the surgical team to monitor the health of both the mother and the unborn baby.

Question 7

What is the term for the mechanism of injury in a trauma patient that takes into account velocity of the injuring force, flexibility of the tissue, and shape of the injuring force?
A) advance directive
B) informatics
C) kinematics
D) trauma designation

Accepted Answer

The term for the mechanism of injury in a trauma patient that takes into account velocity of the injuring force, flexibility of the tissue, and shape of the injuring force is kinematics.

Question 8

Placement of a rolled sheet or pad to elevate a pregnant patient's right hip, tilting the operating room table to the left with slight Trendelenburg, or both will shift the weight of the gravid uterus and relieve pressure from the:
A) abdominal aorta and vena cava
B) bilateral sciatic nerves
C) pelvic floor and bladder
D) ureters and right kidney

Accepted Answer

Elevating the right hip and tilting the table to the left with slight Trendelenburg will shift the weight of the gravid uterus, relieving pressure from the abdominal aorta and vena cava, which are important blood vessels that supply the maternal organs and the fetus. This helps to prevent supine hypotensive syndrome, which can occur due to compression of these vessels by the gravid uterus, leading to a decrease in blood pressure and hypoxia. Elevating the hip or tilting the table alone may not be effective in relieving the pressure on these vessels.

Question 9

A patient with acquired immunodeficiency virus may have complications of multiple infections from diseases considered to be:
A) benign
B) opportunistic
C) symbiotic
D) transient

Accepted Answer

HIV weakens the immune system, leaving individuals more susceptible to infections caused by opportunistic pathogens that generally do not cause harm in healthy individuals. These infections can range from mild to life-threatening and can include conditions such as pneumocystis pneumonia, cytomegalovirus, and Kaposi's sarcoma. Benign, symbiotic, and transient diseases are not typically associated with complications in HIV patients.

Question 10

Which organ is MOST often injured in motor vehicle accidents?
A) brain
B) heart
C) liver
D) spleen

Accepted Answer

The spleen is the most frequently injured organ in motor vehicle accidents. This is because it is located in the upper left quadrant of the abdomen, which is a common area of impact during collisions. Injuries to the spleen can range from minor bruises to life-threatening ruptures, which may require emergency surgery.

Question 11

For which condition would a patient coming to the operating room likely need an interpreter?
A) total blindness
B) complete deafness
C) Down syndrome
D) vegetative state

Accepted Answer

Patients with complete deafness may require an interpreter, especially if they communicate primarily through sign language, to ensure effective communication with healthcare providers.

Question 12

Which of the following activities would present no risk of contracting HIV from an infected individual?
A) conversation in close proximity
B) pregnancy and childbirth
C) sharing used hypodermic needles
D) unprotected sexual relations

Accepted Answer

HIV is not transmitted through casual contact or conversation, as it requires direct exchange of bodily fluids (blood, semen, vaginal fluids, breast milk) containing the virus.

Question 13

For which type of transmission-based disease would health care workers need to be fitted for an N-95 respirator mask?
A) airborne
B) contact
C) droplet
D) vector-borne

Accepted Answer

Health care workers would need to be fitted for an N-95 respirator mask for airborne transmission-based diseases, which are spread through small respiratory droplets that can remain suspended in the air and travel over long distances. Examples of airborne diseases include tuberculosis, measles, and chickenpox. Contact transmission-based diseases are spread through direct or indirect contact with an infected person or surface, droplet transmission-based diseases are spread through large respiratory droplets that are expelled when an infected person talks, coughs, or sneezes, and vector-borne transmission-based diseases are spread through bites from infected insects, such as mosquitoes or ticks.

Question 14

All of the following national agencies have regulations or protocols for health care workers who may be exposed to infectious diseases in their work environment EXCEPT:
A) CDC
B) NIOSH
C) NFPA
D) OSHA

Accepted Answer

NFPA (National Fire Protection Association) does not have regulations or protocols for health care workers who may be exposed to infectious diseases in their work environment. The other three options (CDC, NIOSH, and OSHA) all have such regulations and protocols.

Question 15

What is the chemical and physiological classification of insulin?
A) carbohydrate
B) hormone
C) protein
D) sugar

Accepted Answer

Insulin is a hormone, which is a chemical messenger that regulates various physiological processes in the body.

Question 16

Kaposi's sarcoma is sometimes seen in combination with which of the following diseases?
A) TB
B) HBV
C) HPV
D) AIDS

Accepted Answer

Kaposi's sarcoma is a type of cancer that is commonly associated with AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) caused by HIV (human immunodeficiency virus). It is caused by the Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) and is more likely to develop in individuals with compromised immune systems, such as those with AIDS. While TB (tuberculosis), HBV (hepatitis B virus), and HPV (human papillomavirus) can also cause cancer, they are not typically associated with the development of Kaposi's sarcoma.

Question 17

Because of the types of drugs used to prevent rejection of a transplanted organ, the recipient patient is considered to have which of the following?
A) autoimmune disorder
B) immunodeficiency syndrome
C) immunosuppressed status
D) T-lymphocyte compromise

Accepted Answer

Patients who have received a transplanted organ require drugs to suppress their immune system to prevent it from attacking and rejecting the new organ. This makes the recipient patient immunosuppressed, which is the same as having an immunosuppressed status.

Question 18

For which special patient population group would the help of a counselor or social worker who could communicate the current state of mind or mood of the patient to the OR staff be of benefit to all parties involved?
A) geriatric
B) isolation
C) pediatric
D) substance abuse

Accepted Answer

Patients with substance abuse issues may have complex psychological and emotional needs that can affect their behavior and cooperation during medical procedures. A counselor or social worker can help communicate these needs and ensure appropriate care.

Question 19

Multiple sclerosis, lupus erythematosus, and rheumatoid arthritis are examples of:
A) autoimmune diseases
B) congenital anomalies
C) demyelinating processes
D) hereditary disorders

Accepted Answer

Multiple sclerosis, lupus erythematosus, and rheumatoid arthritis are all autoimmune diseases, which occur when the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy cells and tissues in the body.

Question 20

Physical forces of deceleration, acceleration, compression, and shearing are factors in which type of injuries?
A) blunt
B) electrical
C) hypothermia
D) penetrating

Accepted Answer

Physical forces of deceleration, acceleration, compression, and shearing are factors in blunt injuries, such as those caused by motor vehicle accidents, falls, and assaults. Electrical injuries are caused by electricity, hypothermia is caused by cold temperatures, and penetrating injuries are caused by objects that pierce the skin.

Quiz 4: Special Populations

During which part of pregnancy would an abdominal surgery be considered safest for both mother and fetus?

High- or low-velocity projectiles are factors in which type of injuries?

Which level of trauma center designation can meet all the needs required for treating patients on a 24-hour basis?

The term golden hour refers to reduction of morbidity and mortality of which type of patient population?

Which patient condition might be characterized by physical appearance of flat nasal bridge and short neck with some impairment of cognitive ability and growth, slower speech, and an affectionate to clingy persona?

During a surgical procedure on a pregnant patient, the surgical technologist in the scrub role may be asked to palpate what area to detect possible contractions?

What is the term for the mechanism of injury in a trauma patient that takes into account velocity of the injuring force, flexibility of the tissue, and shape of the injuring force?

Placement of a rolled sheet or pad to elevate a pregnant patient's right hip, tilting the operating room table to the left with slight Trendelenburg, or both will shift the weight of the gravid uterus and relieve pressure from the:

A patient with acquired immunodeficiency virus may have complications of multiple infections from diseases considered to be:

Which organ is MOST often injured in motor vehicle accidents?

For which condition would a patient coming to the operating room likely need an interpreter?

Which of the following activities would present no risk of contracting HIV from an infected individual?

For which type of transmission-based disease would health care workers need to be fitted for an N-95 respirator mask?

All of the following national agencies have regulations or protocols for health care workers who may be exposed to infectious diseases in their work environment EXCEPT:

What is the chemical and physiological classification of insulin?

Kaposi's sarcoma is sometimes seen in combination with which of the following diseases?

Because of the types of drugs used to prevent rejection of a transplanted organ, the recipient patient is considered to have which of the following?

For which special patient population group would the help of a counselor or social worker who could communicate the current state of mind or mood of the patient to the OR staff be of benefit to all parties involved?

Multiple sclerosis, lupus erythematosus, and rheumatoid arthritis are examples of:

Physical forces of deceleration, acceleration, compression, and shearing are factors in which type of injuries?