Question 1

According to the _______________ feminist view,male exploitation acts as a trigger for female delinquent behavior.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the _______________ feminist view,male exploitation...

Question 2

Girls who reach puberty at an earlier age were viewed as being at a higher risk for delinquency because:

Accepted Answer

Girls who reach puberty at an earlier age may have more contact with older boys, which increases the risk of delinquency as they may be exposed to risky behaviors and peer pressure. This does not necessarily apply to teasing, social isolation or hormonal imbalance.

Question 3

Which of the following statements about female delinquency based on sexuality is false?

Accepted Answer

The false statement is B because it inaccurately generalizes beliefs about female delinquents as being promiscuous and less sophisticated than male delinquents, which simplifies and misrepresents historical and contemporary views on the complexity of factors leading to female delinquency.

Question 4

According to the _______________ feminist view,female delinquency originates with the onset of male supremacy.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the _______________ feminist view,female delinquency...

Question 5

According to _____________________,females are less delinquent than males because their social roles provide fewer opportunities to commit crimes.

Accepted Answer

Liberal feminists argue that gender-based social roles and expectations limit women's opportunities to engage in delinquent behavior. This theory suggests that if women had more equal access to opportunities for delinquency, their offending rates would be more similar to men's.

Question 6

According to liberal feminists,increasing female offending patterns are caused by:

Accepted Answer

Liberal feminists argue that as the roles of girls and boys converge, particularly in terms of opportunities and behaviors in society, this convergence can lead to an increase in female offending patterns. They focus on the social and cultural aspects that shape gender roles and how changes in these roles might influence behavior, including criminal behavior.

Question 7

According to some _____________ theorists,gender differences in the delinquency rate can be explained by inborn differences in aggression.

Accepted Answer

Biosocial theorists argue that gender differences in delinquency rates can be attributed to inborn differences in aggression, reinforced by societal expectations of gender roles.

Question 8

According to _________________,female delinquency is linked to the wish for luxury and excitement.

Accepted Answer

W.I. Thomas suggested that female delinquency is linked to the desire for luxury and excitement, emphasizing social and psychological factors.

Question 9

According to contemporary psychological views of female delinquency,which statement is false?

Accepted Answer

Contemporary psychological views suggest that girls are more likely than boys to suffer from mood disorders, especially as a result of life stressors and experiences of victimization. This contradicts the statement in option C, making it false.

Question 10

According to the _______________________,females first use their sexual charms to instigate crime and then beguile males in the criminal justice system to get preferential treatment.

Accepted Answer

The statement is describing the chivalry hypothesis, which suggests that females are treated with more leniency in the criminal justice system due to cultural expectations of chivalry and protection towards women. The other theories listed do not directly relate to this phenomenon.

Question 11

__________,an influential feminist scholar,formulated a theoretical model to show how misguided concepts of masculinity flow from the inequities built into "patriarchal capitalism."

Accepted Answer

Meda Chesney-Lind is an influential feminist scholar who formulated a theoretical model that connects misguided concepts of masculinity to the inequities inherent in patriarchal capitalism. Cesare Lombroso was an Italian criminologist who advanced theories of biological determinism in relation to criminal behavior, Jody Miller is a criminologist known for her work on how girls and women become involved in delinquency, and James Messerschmidt is a sociologist known for his work on masculinities and the intersection of gender and class in relation to crime.

Question 12

In the 1950s,research efforts made three assumptions about gender differences in socialization.Which assumption is not related?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the 1950s,research efforts made three assumptions...

Question 13

Adler argued that female delinquency would be affected by:

Accepted Answer

Adler argued that female delinquency would be affected by the changing roles of women, as traditional female roles were being challenged and women were gaining more opportunities and independence. This could lead to a struggle for identity and a higher likelihood of engaging in delinquent behavior. While male supremacy and certain female traits may play a role, Adler placed greater emphasis on the social and cultural context in which females find themselves. Cognitive development may also play a role, but it was not the primary focus of Adler's theories on female delinquency.

Question 14

With regard to socialization,which of the following statements is false?

Accepted Answer

This statement is false as research has shown that females who experience child abuse are more likely to engage in delinquent behavior than males who experience the same.

Question 15

Which of the following social thinkers is not closely associated with biological explanations of delinquency?

Accepted Answer

Cyril Burt, Cesare Lombroso, and Augusta Bronner are all known for their association with biological explanations of delinquency. Jody Miller, on the other hand, is known for her feminist and social constructionist perspective on delinquency.

Question 16

In a 1928 work,The Unadjusted Girl,W.I.Thomas suggested that some girls who have not been socialized under middle-class family controls can become:

Accepted Answer

In "The Unadjusted Girl," W.I. Thomas discusses how girls who lack socialization under middle-class family controls may exhibit behaviors that are impulsive and seek thrills, as they have not been conditioned to conform to societal norms and expectations typically instilled through such socialization.

Question 17

Which of the following statements about female delinquency based on hormones is false?

Accepted Answer

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is not a direct cause of female violence. While PMS can cause physical and emotional symptoms, it does not directly lead to violent behavior. The other statements are all true; higher testosterone levels can lead to stereotypically male behaviors, overexposure to male hormones in utero can cause masculinization, and females with low androgen levels are less aggressive than males.

Question 18

Research by Hawkins and colleagues looked at the resiliency of girls and found that among high-risk girls,four factors may protect against some forms of delinquent behavior. Which factor is false?

Accepted Answer

The factor of "prestige" is false as it was not listed as one of the four protective factors identified in the research by Hawkins and colleagues. The other three factors listed are the presence of a caring adult, school success, and religiosity.

Question 19

In her study of gang girls in East Los Angeles,Moore found that close to _______ percent of the girls she interviewed were afraid of their fathers.

Accepted Answer

According to the information given, close to "70 percent" of the girls interviewed were afraid of their fathers. Therefore, the best choice is B.

Question 20

Freud contends that females suffer from __________________,which produces an inferiority complex in girls,forcing them to compensate for their "defect."

Accepted Answer

According to Freud, girls suffer from penis envy, which is the feeling of inferiority and jealousy towards boys due to their possession of a penis. This, in turn, leads to the development of an inferiority complex in girls, which forces them to compensate for their perceived "defect."

Quiz 5: Developmental Views of Delinquency: Life Course and Latent Trait