Question 1

Schools provide students with consistent socialization messages that do not contradict one another.

Accepted Answer

Schools can expose students to a variety of socialization messages that may sometimes contradict one another due to differences in teacher beliefs, curriculum content, and peer group influences.

Question 2

Anisa and her parents moved to the United States.When Anisa enrolled in school she was placed into a program where she was taught in both her native language as well as English.What type of educational program does this illustrate?
A)school choice
B)online education
C)bilingual education
D)charter school

Accepted Answer

This illustrates a bilingual education program where students are taught in both their native language and English.

Question 3

Part of the value of educational degrees comes from how competitive the degree is.The scarcer the degree,the greater it is likely valued.

Accepted Answer

This is because when a degree is scarce, it is seen as more prestigious and exclusive, thus increasing its perceived value in the job market.

Question 4

Online education has grown rapidly over the past few years.

Accepted Answer

Online education has seen a significant increase in popularity and enrollment in recent years, making it a rapidly growing industry.

Question 5

Collective bargaining allows workers to have a unified voice in the negotiation process with employers.

Accepted Answer

Collective bargaining is the process of negotiation between employers and a group of employees represented by a union. It allows workers to have a collective voice and bargaining power by negotiating for better wages, benefits, and working conditions.

Question 6

Schools are very similar in terms of their structure and how they teach students.

Accepted Answer

While schools may have similarities in terms of overall structure, teaching methods can vary greatly between schools, even within the same district or region. Different schools may also have different focuses or specializations, such as STEM programs or arts programs, which can affect their structure and curriculum.

Question 7

Sociologists believe that learning only occurs in educational settings like a classroom or lecture hall.

Accepted Answer

Sociologists recognize that learning takes place in a variety of settings, including but not limited to educational institutions. Learning can occur through social interactions, media, and various experiences in everyday life.

Question 8

Schools are agents of socialization.

Accepted Answer

Schools provide children with a structured environment where they can learn social norms, values, and beliefs from their peers and teachers, making them important agents of socialization.

Question 9

There is little difference across workplace cultures in the United States.

Accepted Answer

There can be significant differences in workplace cultures in the United States depending on factors such as industry, company size, location, and demographics of employees.

Question 10

William and Jose go to the same high school.Based on their aptitudes,career desires,and prior academic performance,William and Jose were placed in very different classes.Jose is in college prep courses and William takes vocational classes.Their divergent classes represent what school process?
A)credentialing
B)tracking
C)cultural capital
D)shop-floor culture

Accepted Answer

The process being represented here is tracking, which is the division of students into different classes based on their perceived abilities, aptitudes, and potential career paths. This can have a significant impact on a student's future opportunities and success, as they may be limited by the types of classes and curricula they have access to. Other options are not as fitting - credentialing refers more to the formal recognition of a student's qualifications, cultural capital refers to the social and cultural resources that individuals possess, and shop-floor culture typically relates to the work environment within a particular industry or organization.

Question 11

The gender gap in pay is only caused by the fact that women choose to leave their jobs to become wives and mothers.

Accepted Answer

The gender gap in pay is not solely caused by women leaving jobs to become wives and mothers. Numerous studies have shown that even when comparing men and women in the same positions, with the same level of education and experience, women are still paid less than men. This is often referred to as the "unexplained" gender pay gap and is attributed to factors such as discrimination, unconscious bias, and the undervaluing of work traditionally done by women.

Question 12

The American workforce is increasingly working in industrial jobs.

Accepted Answer

The American workforce is actually trending away from industrial jobs and towards service and technology-based industries.

Question 13

Omid and many of his co-workers are upset about their jobs at the factory where they work,especially their wages.They decide to form a union to engage in collective bargaining.What does collective bargaining allow workers to do?
A)better follow the rules of their employees as outlined in the employee handbook
B)increase social networks to help find new jobs in the same industry
C)collectively negotiate with their employer for better working conditions
D)have greater input in the shop-floor culture of their employer

Accepted Answer

Collective bargaining allows workers to negotiate as a group for better working conditions, including wages, hours, benefits, and other workplace policies. It gives them a stronger voice and bargaining power in dealing with their employers.

Question 14

According to sociologists,the educational system in America has been the great equalizer,or at least a primary means by which inequality has been eradicated

Accepted Answer

While the educational system in America has provided opportunities for social mobility and upward mobility for some individuals, it has not completely eradicated inequality. There are still disparities in educational achievement and access, as well as systemic factors such as socioeconomic status and race that can impact educational outcomes.

Question 15

Lincoln High School tracks some students into college preparatory classes.Those students will eventually end up in professional careers.Others are in job-training programs and will enter the workforce after graduation.Lincoln High School is demonstrating which of the following functions of schooling?
A)childcare
B)occupational sorting
C)social integration
D)change and innovation

Accepted Answer

Lincoln High School is demonstrating the function of occupational sorting by tracking some students into college preparatory classes and others into job-training programs, indicating a division between those who will enter professional careers and those who will enter the workforce after graduation.

Question 16

Literacy today is universal;almost all adults in developing and developed nations can read and write.

Accepted Answer

While there has been significant progress in improving literacy rates globally, there are still a significant number of adults in both developing and developed nations who are illiterate. According to UNESCO, in 2020, an estimated 773 million adults worldwide could not read or write, with the majority living in South and West Asia and sub-Saharan Africa.

Question 17

Occupational prestige is always positively related to the average income of an occupation;the more money earned,the more prestigious the occupation.

Accepted Answer

Occupational prestige is not solely determined by the average income of an occupation. Factors such as societal values, the perceived importance of the occupation, educational requirements, and the level of skill or expertise required also significantly influence an occupation's prestige.

Question 18

Sociologists only see education as fulfilling the function of transferring knowledge to young people.

Accepted Answer

Sociologists recognize that education serves multiple functions beyond just transferring knowledge, such as socialization, credentialing, and sorting individuals into different positions in society.

Question 19

Charter schools are basically private schools.

Accepted Answer

Charter schools are public schools that operate independently and are accountable for meeting specific academic goals and performance standards laid out in their charters. They do not charge tuition and are funded by public tax dollars.

Question 20

A professional group has a monopoly over a prestigious occupation.The group retains control over this occupation because,in order enter the occupation or perform any of its job duties,a person has to have a certain degree and pass a licensing exam.This is an example of
A)credentialing.
B)cultural capital.
C)social capital.
D)social reproduction.

Accepted Answer

This scenario describes the process of credentialing, which occurs when a particular occupation limits entry and performance to those who have achieved specific qualifications, such as obtaining a certain degree and passing a licensing exam. In this way, those who are members of the professional group essentially hold a monopoly over the occupation, as they are the only ones who meet these requirements and can thus perform the job duties. Cultural capital refers to non-financial assets that confer status, while social capital refers to social connections and networks that can be valuable in various ways. Social reproduction refers to the ways in which social inequality is perpetuated across generations.

Quiz 13: Education and Work