Question 1

When looking at the heights and weights of preschool children,we know that

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that there are ethnic differences in the average heights and weights of preschool children. Factors such as genetics, nutrition, and culture can all contribute to these differences.

Question 2

Gross motor skills are to fine motor skills as ________ is to ________.

Accepted Answer

Gross motor skills involve larger muscle groups and movements, such as jumping and running, while fine motor skills involve smaller muscle groups and movements, such as writing and grasping objects. Therefore, the opposite of hopping (a gross motor skill) would be writing (a fine motor skill).

Question 3

Three-year-olds scribble all over the page,but 4-year-olds can make more precise drawings that adults can understand.This is because 4-year-olds have more highly developed

Accepted Answer

Fine motor skills refer to the control of small muscles in the hands and fingers that are necessary for tasks such as drawing and writing. As children develop these skills, their drawings become more precise and recognizable. While artistic ability and an understanding of others' appreciation may also play a role in children's drawing development, fine motor skills are the primary factor in the difference between 3-year-olds' scribbles and 4-year-olds' more recognizable drawings.

Question 4

What have been found to be the two most important contributors to height differences among children worldwide?

Accepted Answer

Studies have found that ethnic origin and nutrition are the two most important contributors to height differences among children worldwide. Ethnic origin can influence height due to genetic factors, while nutrition plays a crucial role in ensuring proper growth and development. Inadequate nutrition during childhood can lead to stunted growth and shorter stature, while a balanced and nutrient-rich diet can support healthy growth and lead to taller stature.

Question 5

Hallie is very active.She loves to tumble and show off.She is not afraid of doing what her parents consider to be hair-raising stunts.She also loves to run and believes she is faster than her parents.This type of activity level and confidence is MOST characteristic of the

Accepted Answer

This level of activity and confidence is most characteristic of a 5-year-old, who is typically very active and adventurous, and may have a strong desire to show off and prove their abilities to others. A 2-year-old may also be active, but is less likely to engage in hair-raising stunts or have as much confidence in their abilities, while a 3- or 4-year-old may be more cautious and less likely to engage in such activities.

Question 6

Myelination occurs in the brain when

Accepted Answer

Myelination is the process by which nerve fibers (axons) become insulated with a layer of fat (myelin sheath). This insulating layer helps to speed up the transmission of signals between nerve cells in the brain. It does not involve the development of more nerve cells or nerve endings, nor does it involve the formation of more complicated networks of connections between nerve cells.

Question 7

Reggio Emilia is a city in northern Italy; it gives its name to a philosophy and approach to a(n)

Accepted Answer

Reggio Emilia is well-known for its approach to early childhood education program design, which emphasizes the importance of the child's creativity and exploration in the learning process. The Reggio Emilia approach is based on the belief that children learn best when they are actively involved in their own learning, and that the role of the teacher is to facilitate their discoveries and learning experiences.

Question 8

Between ages 3 and 6 years,which part of the brain grows the fastest?

Accepted Answer

The frontal lobe is responsible for executive functions such as decision-making, problem-solving, and impulse control. These skills develop rapidly between ages 3 and 6, making the frontal lobe the fastest-growing part of the brain during this period.

Question 9

What is the BEST explanation for handedness?

Accepted Answer

Genetics

Question 10

Her pediatrician has just told Karly that her 4-year-old son,Manuel,has gained 6 pounds in the last year.Karly should

Accepted Answer

It is normal for a 4-year-old child to gain 4-7 pounds per year. Manuel has gained 6 pounds in the last year, which falls within the normal range of weight gain for his age. Therefore, Karly should understand that this is normal.

Question 11

Sanjay and Ryan are 4-year-old friends.When they are together,they often wrestle,run,race,push,and shove each other.Although their level of activity often aggravates their parents,we know that this activity will

Accepted Answer

Wrestling, running, racing, pushing, and shoving are all physical activities that help children develop gross motor skills. As young children grow and develop, it is important for them to engage in these types of activities to improve their balance, coordination, and overall physical abilities. While these activities can be tiring for parents to watch, they are actually beneficial for the children's development.

Question 12

Myelination in the brain serves to

Accepted Answer

Myelination in the brain helps to increase the speed of information traveling through nerve cells. This is because myelin acts as an insulator, allowing electrical impulses to travel more efficiently along the nerve fibers.

Question 13

Which child will find the task of arranging objects in a precise pattern on a table most challenging?

Accepted Answer

Younger children have less developed fine motor skills and may struggle with precise movements needed to arrange objects in a precise pattern. They also have a shorter attention span and may quickly lose interest in the task.

Question 14

During early childhood,on average,girls are ________ than boys.

Accepted Answer

On average, during early childhood, girls are slightly smaller than boys. However, this difference becomes more noticeable as they approach puberty, when girls begin a growth spurt and ultimately surpass boys in height.

Question 15

All of the following children are likely to be shorter than their peers,EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

The answer of All of the following children are likely...

Question 16

Myelination is important in development because

Accepted Answer

Myelination is important in development because children cannot perform certain functions if the area of the brain controlling those functions is not myelinated. Myelination acts as insulation for the neural pathways in the brain, allowing for faster and more efficient transmission of signals. Without myelination, certain functions like motor skills and language processing may be impaired.

Question 17

The prefrontal cortex is involved in tasks of

Accepted Answer

The prefrontal cortex is crucial for maintaining attention to tasks and regulating behavior, as well as decision-making and goal-directed behavior. It is less involved in spatial abilities, motor coordination, and verbal skills.

Question 18

Brendan is 3 years old.His parents are concerned because he is always running and jumping on things.He cannot seem to sit still.Even when watching his favorite movie on TV,he still fidgets,bounces,and wiggles around.It is especially frustrating when Brendan will not sit still through dinner.Given what we know about child development,we would advise Brendan's parents to

Accepted Answer

It is developmentally appropriate for a 3-year-old to have a limited attention span and a lot of energy. Brendan's behavior is within the range of normal for his age, and his parents should be patient and understanding rather than trying to modify his behavior or assume he has a disorder. It is important to provide opportunities for physical activity, and it may also be helpful to engage Brendan in structured activities that hold his interest to gradually build his attention span over time.

Question 19

By the end of early childhood,boys have ________,whereas girls have ________.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that by the end of early childhood, boys tend to have more muscle mass and less body fat compared to girls. Girls tend to have slightly more body fat and less lean muscle mass. This difference in body composition is due to the effects of hormones, genetics, and activity levels.

Question 20

Jungle gyms,slides,and climbing equipment should be available to help young children develop

Accepted Answer

Jungle gyms, slides, and climbing equipment require the use of large muscle groups, helping to develop gross motor skills in young children.

Quiz 5: Motor,Sensory,and Perceptual Development