Question 1

The _____ has increasingly become a myth for many individuals in middle-income occupations as global outsourcing of jobs and the 2007-2009 recession have meant reduced job security for millions of Americans.

Accepted Answer

The career mystique, which refers to the belief that hard work and dedication will lead to a secure and rewarding career, has become a myth for many middle-income workers due to factors like global outsourcing and recession. The other answer choices (B, C, D) are not relevant to the given context.

Question 2

Emerging and young adults are more likely than adolescents to understand that their thinking is influenced by:

Accepted Answer

Emerging and young adults have better developed emotional regulation skills and a deeper understanding of the influence of emotions on their thinking compared to adolescents. Logic and hypothetical reasoning skills may also improve during this stage, but emotional awareness and regulation skills are the most salient. Postconventional reasoning typically develops in later adulthood.

Question 3

This concept,recently described by Phyllis Moen,reflects ingrained cultural beliefs that engaging in hard work for long hours through adulthood will produce a path to status,security,and happiness.

Accepted Answer

The concept described by Moen is the "career mystique," which refers to the belief that working hard and pursuing a long-term career will lead to success, status, and fulfillment. This belief is deeply embedded in American culture, and can be detrimental to individuals who prioritize work over other aspects of life, leading to burnout and dissatisfaction. The other choices - the American dream, mythical career, and golden handshake - do not accurately capture the concept described.

Question 4

Which of the following is a trend in the U.S.workforce?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is a trend...

Question 5

Mini wants to know what activities would be most conducive to creative thinking.Based on what people reported in Csikszentmihalyi's research,you would suggest that Mini would be at her creative best during activities that:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Mini wants to know what activities would...

Question 6

In fields such as lyric poetry,abstract math,and theoretical physics,the peak of creativity is often reached in the:

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that the twenties and thirties are often the peak years for creativity in various fields, including lyric poetry, abstract math, and theoretical physics. This is typically attributed to a combination of factors such as a broad base of knowledge, experience, and innovative thinking that comes with age, but also a youthful curiosity and willingness to take risks.

Question 7

Which of the following statements about creativity is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Several studies have suggested that there has been a decline in creativity since the fifties, but recent research has shown that this decline is not as significant as was previously believed. Therefore, option B is the correct statement.

Question 8

According to Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi,_____ refers to a heightened state of pleasure experienced when we are engaged in mental and physical challenges that absorb us.

Accepted Answer

Csikszentmihalyi's concept of "flow" refers to a state of deep engagement and absorption in an activity, where one's skills and abilities meet the level of challenge presented by the task. It is often experienced as pleasurable and rewarding.

Question 9

Some theorists have pieced together cognitive changes in young adults and proposed a new stage of cognitive development termed:

Accepted Answer

Postformal thought is a proposed stage of cognitive development beyond Piaget's formal operations stage and involves a greater ability to think critically, make decisions based on context and uncertainty, consider multiple perspectives, and tolerate ambiguity and contradiction. It is believed to occur during young adulthood and beyond. The other options are not valid alternatives for this proposed stage of cognitive development.

Question 10

Ever since she graduated from college,Jane has been working long hours at her job as an accountant with a small company in the hope that her hard work will pay off and that she will achieve good career growth and economic stability.Jane obviously believes in what Phyllis Moen describes as the:

Accepted Answer

The career mystique refers to the idea that hard work and dedication will lead to career advancement and economic stability. Jane's belief in the payoff of hard work aligns with this concept. The other options are not relevant to Jane's situation - the glass ceiling refers to barriers to advancement for women and minorities, the mythical career is a term for an idealized career path that doesn't exist, and the golden handshake refers to a severance package given to an employee upon leaving a company.

Question 11

Which of the following is a difference between formal operational thought and postformal thought?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is a difference...

Question 12

Which of the following is a reason for the disappearance of many long-term jobs?

Accepted Answer

The availability of cheaper labor in other countries has led to outsourcing of jobs, causing many long-term jobs to disappear. Companies can save money by hiring workers in countries where wages are lower than in their home country.

Question 13

Which of the following is a characteristic of postformal thought?

Accepted Answer

Postformal thought is characterized by being provisional, meaning it is open to revision and adaptable to new information and perspectives.

Question 14

Identify the way in which young adults think differently from adolescents.

Accepted Answer

The thinking of young adults is more reflective. As they mature, they develop a greater capacity for introspection and self-reflection, allowing them to think more deeply about their experiences and the world around them. This is a key aspect of adult thinking that sets it apart from adolescent thinking. While adolescents may engage in some level of reflection, they are often more focused on immediate gratification and less likely to think about long-term consequences.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT one of the steps toward a more creative life as identified by Csikszentmihalyi?

Accepted Answer

Csikszentmihalyi emphasizes the importance of having goals and pursuing them in order to lead a more creative life. Therefore, waking up without a specific goal goes against his philosophy.

Question 16

Csikszentmihalyi points out that _____ capable of achieving flow.

Accepted Answer

Csikszentmihalyi asserts that everyone is capable of achieving flow, regardless of their abilities or background.

Question 17

Some developmentalists theorize that it is not until adulthood that many individuals consolidate their _____ thinking.

Accepted Answer

According to Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development, formal operational thinking is the fourth and final stage of cognitive development that occurs during adolescence and continues into adulthood. Formal operational thinking is characterized by the ability to think abstractly, logically, and systematically, which allows individuals to solve complex problems and engage in hypothetical reasoning. Therefore, option C is the best choice as it suggests that many individuals do not consolidate their formal operational thinking until adulthood. Choices A and B refer to earlier stages of cognitive development, and choice D relates to moral reasoning rather than cognitive development.

Question 18

Which of the following is TRUE of work patterns in the U.S.?

Accepted Answer

According to a study conducted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics in 2019, 34.3% of Americans worked exactly 40 hours per week. This is the highest percentage of any specific number of hours worked per week. Therefore, choice C is the correct answer. Option A is incorrect because the percentage of time spent at work varies widely among individuals. Option B is incorrect because the average workweek for full-time employees in the U.S. is between 35-40 hours, according to the same study by the BLS. Option D is incorrect because only about 11% of employed Americans work 50 hours or more per week.

Question 19

In interviews with 12- to 22-year-olds about finding their purpose in life,William Damon found that:

Accepted Answer

William Damon found that while many young people had engaged in potentially purposeful activities, they still lacked a real commitment and reasonable plans for reaching their goals. This indicates that they may still be searching for their purpose in life.

Question 20

Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi discovered that creative people regularly experience a state he called _____,which represented a heightened state of pleasure experienced when people engage in mental and physical challenges that absorb them.

Accepted Answer

Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi discovered that creative people regularly experience a state called "flow," which represented a heightened state of pleasure experienced when people engage in mental and physical challenges that absorb them. This state is characterized by intense focus and concentration on the task at hand, a sense of control, and a distorted sense of time.

Quiz 11: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Adulthood