Question 1

Individuals who are conceptual in decision-making style

Accepted Answer

The answer of Individuals who are conceptual in decision-making style
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Question 2

A person with a low tolerance for ambiguity who is oriented toward people and social concerns when making a decision portrays which style?

Accepted Answer

The behavioral style is characterized by a low tolerance for ambiguity and a focus on people and social concerns when making decisions. This style emphasizes teamwork, collaboration, and participation in decision-making processes. Individuals who use this style are often concerned with how their decisions and actions affect others and value building relationships and community.

Question 3

Josephine is about to graduate from college and is excited about joining her two roommates to start a small coffee shop near campus.She has never started a business before,but she is sure that her business degree has taught her everything she needs to know.The three of them have enough money for their initial costs and figure that they can cover their expenses with the cash flow from the business.Which heuristic is probably involved?

Accepted Answer

The heuristic involved is overconfidence, as Josephine believes that her business degree has taught her everything she needs to know about starting a business and is confident about the success of the coffee shop based on their initial funding and projected cash flow. This can lead to underestimating the risks and uncertainties associated with starting a business.

Question 4

Marvin is a medical technician who administers stress tests.He has a low tolerance for ambiguity and is oriented toward task and technical concerns when making decisions.The ________ style is well suited for this position.

Accepted Answer

A directive decision-making style is characterized by low tolerance for ambiguity, task orientation, and a focus on technical concerns. This style is well suited for positions that require precise and structured decision-making, such as medical technician administering stress tests. Therefore, the best choice in this scenario is the directive style.

Question 5

Individuals who are directive in decision-making style

Accepted Answer

Individuals who are directive in decision-making style may become autocratic and focus solely on achieving short-term goals without considering long-term consequences. They tend to rely on their own knowledge and experience and may not consider other perspectives or ideas.

Question 6

Lily graduates from high school and is ready to go to college.However,she also loves sports.She wants to join a basketball academy and become a professional basketball player.Lily finds her uncertainty about her future very stressful and is psychologically uncomfortable about it.This implies that Lily has a(n)

Accepted Answer

Lily's stress and discomfort suggest that she has a low tolerance for ambiguity, which means she prefers clear, structured situations and is uncomfortable with uncertain or ambiguous scenarios.

Question 7

Oliver was known for his innovative promotional ideas.His boss loved listening to his presentations and trusted his ideas.Though Oliver's ideas started to get monotonous after a while,his boss took only his ideas and did not accept ideas from others.Which of the following was Oliver's boss using?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Oliver was known for his innovative promotional...

Question 8

Yuri is very task-focused at work and does not pay much attention to people issues.Tina is just the opposite.These are examples of ________,the extent to which an individual focuses on either task and technical concerns or people and social concerns when making decisions

Accepted Answer

The given scenario is an example of value orientation, which is the extent to which an individual focuses on task and technical concerns (task orientation) or people and social concerns (people orientation) when making decisions. Yuri's task-focused approach represents a task orientation, while Tina's people-focused approach represents a people orientation. Therefore, option B is the correct answer. The other options (extraversion, locus of control, individualism, and tolerance for ambiguity) do not apply to the given scenario.

Question 9

A decision maker is influenced by the manner in which a problem or question is stated.This represents the _______ bias.

Accepted Answer

The framing bias refers to the phenomenon that decision makers may behave differently depending on how a problem or question is presented. This bias highlights the importance of how an issue is framed, emphasizing certain facets or dimensions of the problem while downplaying others, which could influence decision-making outcomes.

Question 10

Dr.Barbara Sonders determines financial trends in European markets.She analyzes worldwide financial and economic trends to determine the best course of action for European economies.Her decisions are based on complicated and sometimes ambiguous information,and she has to carefully considers all sides of the issue. What type of decision-making style does Dr.Sonders possess?

Accepted Answer

Dr. Sonders possesses an analytical decision-making style as she relies on analyzing worldwide financial and economic trends to make decisions, and considers all sides of the issue.

Question 11

Mark is looking to buy his first home.His friends suggest that he check the style of the house and the number of rooms.He is,therefore,focusing extensively on the look of the house to evaluate its value,rather than its condition or location.This implies that Mark was engaging himself in the _________ bias.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Mark is looking to buy his first...

Question 12

When Jamie comes to work in the morning,the first thing he does is head to the employee lounge where he grabs a cup of coffee and talks to coworkers for several minutes.This implies that he probably has a

Accepted Answer

Jamie's behavior indicates that he values social interaction and enjoys connecting with his coworkers. This suggests that he has a social orientation.

Question 13

Carla tends to take long-term view and rely on discussions with others to acquire information.She has a high tolerance for ambiguity and is oriented toward people and social concerns when making decisions.Which decision-making style does Carla possess?

Accepted Answer

Carla's decision-making style is conceptual because she takes a long-term view, relies on discussions with others, has a high tolerance for ambiguity, and is oriented toward people and social concerns. These characteristics align with the conceptual style.

Question 14

Jolene is a mathematics major.She has a high tolerance for ambiguity and tends to overanalyze many situations.What style does Jolene represent?

Accepted Answer

Jolene's tendency to overanalyze situations implies that she has a preference for detailed analysis and a high tolerance for ambiguity, which are both characteristics of the analytical style.

Question 15

The senior managers of Optimum Inc.,a multinational information technology firm,were concerned that people were not buying their computers.They were shocked to hear of a salesperson recommending to customers to buy something other than an Optimum PC because they were of poor value.This small incident motivated the organization to conduct an extensive survey to understand real customer experience in order improve their products accordingly.This was an example of

Accepted Answer

The senior managers conducting an extensive survey to understand real customer experience in order improve their products accordingly is an example of evidence-based decision making, as they are using data and research to inform their decision-making process.

Question 16

Evidence collected after the fact can be used to convince an external audience that the organization is following a sound course of action in a complex and ambiguous decision context.On the positive side,this can lead to

Accepted Answer

The evidence collected after the fact can help to create confidence and goodwill about the company by showing that a sound course of action was followed in a complex and ambiguous decision context. This can help to build trust with external stakeholders such as customers, investors, and regulators. Therefore, the best choice is B.

Question 17

Which of the following statements is ?

Accepted Answer

Evidence-based decision making should be used to support decisions, but it should not be the only factor influencing the decision. It is important to consider other factors such as context, values, and preferences when making decisions. Therefore, option D is incorrect as evidence-based decision making should not always be used to support decisions. Option A is also incorrect as evidence-based decision making is a valuable tool in decision making. Option B is incorrect as evidence-based decision making should be used in informing decisions, but not solely relied upon. Option C is also incorrect as evidence-based decision making should be used in supporting decisions, but not solely relied upon.

Question 18

Three years ago,the City of Recker committed to build a park and music venue by the river.It was expected to cost $2.5 million and be paid for from an additional meals tax in the community.The residents pushed back.Local restaurants suffered as people ate out less or patronized restaurants in neighboring communities.The project has stalled,but the town council kept pushing it on.This spring,a flood devastated the venue. The town council appears to have suffered from _______ bias.

Accepted Answer

The town council appears to have suffered from escalation of commitment bias, as they continued to push for the project despite resistance and setbacks, and invested more resources into it even when it was not successful.

Question 19

A manager of an advertising firm appointed two employees to strike an advertising deal with one of their big clients.They were chosen as they had made a similar agreement previously with another client.Which of the following biases was the manager engaging in?

Accepted Answer

The manager is assuming that because the two employees successfully struck a similar deal with a previous client, they will be successful with this current client as well. This is an example of representativeness bias, where past experiences and stereotypes are used to make assumptions about a current situation.

Question 20

Marketing firms strive to ensure that people are aware of their products because people assume that if they have heard about certain products,the products will work well.Which of the following biases are the marketing firms trying to take advantage of?

Accepted Answer

The marketing firms are trying to take advantage of the availability bias, which is the tendency for people to rely on the most easily accessible information in making decisions and judgments. By making their products well-known and heard of, the products become more easily accessible in people's minds, and they are more likely to be chosen over less familiar options.

Quiz 11: Decision Making and Creativity