Question 1

The development of _____ is not one of the changes in thinking that takes place during adolescence.
A)more sophisticated thinking about abstract concepts
B)more sophisticated thinking about the process of thinking
C)relativistic thinking
D)convergent thinking

Accepted Answer

Convergent thinking, which is the ability to narrow down multiple ideas to one correct answer, is a cognitive skill that typically develops during childhood and does not undergo significant changes during adolescence. The other options (A, B, and C) all involve types of thinking that do develop and change during adolescence.

Question 2

Believing that you are always the center of attention,and that even the smallest things you do will be noticed by everyone else demonstrates your
A)relativistic thinking.
B)personal fable.
C)imaginary audience.
D)deductive thinking.

Accepted Answer

Believing that you are always the center of attention and that even the smallest things you do will be noticed by everyone else demonstrates the imaginary audience, which is a common cognitive distortion among adolescents. This cognitive distortion leads adolescents to believe that they are always "on stage" and that everything they do is being watched and judged by others.

Question 3

An adolescent's idea that she is unique,and that no one else has ever had the same thoughts or feelings that she does is called
A)imaginary audience.
B)personal fable.
C)mutual role-taking.
D)social cognition.

Accepted Answer

This phenomenon is called the personal fable, where an adolescent feels unique and thinks that no one else can understand their experiences, thoughts or feelings. The personal fable can lead to risky behaviors as an adolescent may overestimate their invincibility and underestimate the potential consequences of their actions. The other options (A, C, and D) are unrelated to this phenomenon.

Question 4

The personal fable and imaginary audience are manifestations of adolescents'
A)relativistic thinking.
B)egocentrism.
C)divergent thinking.
D)need for achievement.

Accepted Answer

The personal fable and imaginary audience are both characteristics of egocentrism, a common cognitive inclination in adolescence. The personal fable refers to the belief that one's experiences and emotions are unique and invincible, making adolescents feel invulnerable to harm. The imaginary audience refers to the belief that others are constantly observing and evaluating one's actions and appearance, leading to self-consciousness and a desire to conform to social norms. Both of these beliefs stem from an egocentric perspective, where the adolescent sees themselves as the center of the universe and views others in relation to themselves.

Question 5

Boris has always thought that the President was a wise,kind,and intelligent person.However,since entering adolescence,he's begun to question a lot of the President's decisions and wonders if the President might not be so bright.Boris can do this because he's developed more _____ thinking ability since entering adolescence.
A)relativistic
B)metacognitive
C)egocentric
D)preoperational

Accepted Answer

Relativistic thinking is the ability to consider multiple perspectives and understand that there are varying degrees of truth and validity. This is a development that typically occurs during adolescence, which allows Boris to question and evaluate the decisions of the President more critically. Metacognitive thinking refers to the ability to think about one's own thinking, egocentric thinking is more typical of younger children, and preoperational thinking is the stage before concrete operational thinking in Piaget's theory of cognitive development.

Question 6

Adolescents are more likely than young children to question the basic tenets of their religions because they have developed much greater _____ thinking abilities.
A)inductive
B)convergent
C)abstract
D)metacognitive

Accepted Answer

The answer of Adolescents are more likely than young children...

Question 7

An adolescent's ability to think about her own thinking process is called
A)hypothetical thinking.
B)induction.
C)relativistic thinking.
D)metacognition.

Accepted Answer

Metacognition refers to the ability to reflect on one's own cognitive processes and think about one's own thinking. This involves being able to monitor and regulate one's own thought processes, as well as evaluating one's own performance and making adjustments as needed.

Question 8

Because they have developed greater _____ thinking ability,adolescents are more likely than young children to appreciate the humor in satires and puns.
A)inductive
B)convergent
C)abstract
D)metacognitive

Accepted Answer

Abstract thinking refers to the ability to understand concepts and ideas that are not physically present. Adolescents have developed greater abstract thinking ability than young children, which enables them to understand more complex humor such as satires and puns. Inductive thinking involves drawing conclusions from specific observations or experiences, while convergent thinking involves finding a single, correct solution to a problem. Metacognitive thinking refers to the ability to think about one's own thinking processes. While these types of thinking may also contribute to a person's ability to understand humor, abstract thinking is the most relevant to appreciating satires and puns.

Question 9

Einar will be most successful if he uses _____ reasoning to solve the following problem:
All psychologists are kind and wise
Larry is a psychologist
Is Larry kind and wise?
A)deductive
B)inductive
C)reductive
D)productive

Accepted Answer

Deductive reasoning starts with general principles or theories and applies them to specific situations to arrive at a conclusion. In this case, the general principle is that all psychologists are kind and wise, and the specific situation is that Larry is a psychologist. Using deductive reasoning, we can conclude that Larry is kind and wise since he fits the general principle.

Question 10

When you draw a general conclusion based on your knowledge of a few specific cases,you are engaged in _____ thinking.
A)deductive
B)inductive
C)reductive
D)productive

Accepted Answer

Inductive thinking involves using specific examples to make a generalization or conclusion. Deductive thinking involves starting with a generalization or hypothesis and then testing it with specific examples. Reductive thinking involves breaking down a complex idea into simpler parts, and productive thinking involves generating new ideas or solutions. Since the question is asking about drawing a general conclusion based on specific cases, the best answer is B, inductive thinking.

Question 11

When you draw a specific logical conclusion from a given set of facts,you engage in _____ thinking.
A)deductive
B)inductive
C)reductive
D)productive

Accepted Answer

Deductive thinking involves drawing specific conclusions from a given set of facts by applying general principles or rules. This type of reasoning moves from the general to the specific and is often used in mathematical or scientific contexts, where there are clear rules or laws to follow.

Question 12

The development of _____ is not one of the changes in thinking that takes place during adolescence.
A)relativistic thinking
B)metacognition
C)hypothetical thinking
D)divergent thinking

Accepted Answer

Divergent thinking is not considered a specific type of thinking that develops during adolescence. Relativistic thinking, metacognition, and hypothetical thinking are all changes in thinking that emerge during adolescence.

Question 13

Consuelo is afraid that everyone knows that she didn't do last night's homework.She believes that they're all staring at her and whispering behind her back.Consuelo's thoughts about this demonstrate her
A)relativistic thinking.
B)personal fable.
C)imaginary audience.
D)deductive thinking.

Accepted Answer

Consuelo's belief that everyone is staring at her and whispering behind her back is an example of the imaginary audience, which is a cognitive distortion commonly observed in adolescents. It involves the belief that one is constantly being watched, judged, and evaluated by others. This can result in anxiety, self-consciousness, and social withdrawal.

Question 14

When Coronado finds out that he's been given the lead role in the school play,he believes that everyone knows and is in awe of him,even though it is likely that very few of his peers actually know or care.Coronado's thoughts demonstrate his
A)relativistic thinking.
B)personal fable.
C)imaginary audience.
D)deductive thinking.

Accepted Answer

Coronado's belief that everyone is aware of and impressed by his role in the school play indicates that he is experiencing the imaginary audience phenomenon. This is a common cognitive distortion among adolescents, in which they imagine themselves as the center of attention and assume that others are constantly observing and evaluating their every move. Relativistic thinking refers to the idea that truth is subjective and varies depending on one's perspective, while a personal fable involves a teenager's belief that they are uniquely special or invincible. Deductive thinking is a type of reasoning that involves drawing logical conclusions based on established premises, which is not relevant to Coronado's situation.

Question 15

When Gavin tells Thaddeus to walk a mile in his shoes before trying to judge him,he's asking Thaddeus to engage in _____ thinking.
A)relativistic
B)deductive
C)metacognitive
D)hypothetical

Accepted Answer

Gavin is asking Thaddeus to engage in hypothetical thinking by imagining what it would be like to be in Gavin's situation before making judgments about him.

Question 16

Adolescents can take situational,emotional,and general factors into account when making decisions because they have developed
A)hypothetical reasoning.
B)deductive reasoning.
C)multidimensional thinking.
D)metacognitive strategies.

Accepted Answer

Multidimensional thinking allows adolescents to consider multiple factors when making decisions, taking into account situational, emotional, and general factors. Hypothetical reasoning involves imagining possible scenarios, deductive reasoning involves drawing conclusions from premises, and metacognitive strategies involve reflecting on one's own thought processes. While these may also be important developmental achievements, they do not directly facilitate the consideration of multiple factors in decision-making.

Question 17

Gwyneth loves to drive at high speed with a carload of her friends.Although her parents have warned her about the danger of doing this,she feels that nothing bad will happen to her.Accidents and crashes are things that only happen to other people.Gwyneth's belief in her own invulnerability is part of her
A)imaginary audience.
B)personal fable.
C)mutual role-taking.
D)social cognition.

Accepted Answer

Gwyneth's belief that she is invulnerable to harm is a common aspect of the personal fable characteristic of adolescent egocentrism. The personal fable is the belief that one is unique, invulnerable, and destined for greatness, which often leads to risk-taking behavior.

Question 18

Because Netta has developed greater _____ thinking ability in adolescence,she's able to develop more sophisticated mnemonic devices to help her remember things at school.
A)abstract
B)inductive
C)metacognitive
D)hypothetical

Accepted Answer

Metacognitive thinking refers to the ability to think about one's own thinking and learning processes. It involves the use of strategies to monitor, control, and regulate cognitive processes. Therefore, having greater metacognitive thinking ability can help Netta to develop more efficient mnemonic devices to remember things at school. The other options do not relate directly to this concept. Abstract thinking refers to the ability to think about complex concepts and ideas. Inductive thinking involves making generalizations based on specific observations. Hypothetical thinking involves considering possibilities and hypothetical scenarios.

Question 19

Being able to think in multiple dimensions enhances an adolescent's ability to
A)engage in the personal fable.
B)appreciate other people's perspectives.
C)exert greater control over his emotions.
D)remember lists more easily.

Accepted Answer

Thinking in multiple dimensions involves understanding and appreciating different perspectives, which can lead to increased empathy and understanding of others. It does not necessarily directly impact personal fable, emotional control, or memory.

Question 20

As she gets ready for her date,Sonje thinks about where they'll go and what they'll talk about.She imagines that her date will take her to the local pizza restaurant and that they'll begin with small talk.She smiles as she wonders if he'll try to kiss her tonight.Sonje is engaged in _____ thinking.
A)relativistic
B)deductive
C)metacognitive
D)hypothetical

Accepted Answer

Sonje is engaging in hypothetical thinking as she is imagining possible scenarios and outcomes for her upcoming date.

Quiz 14: Cognitive Development in Adolescence

The development of _____ is not one of the changes in thinking that takes place during adolescence.

Believing that you are always the center of attention,and that even the smallest things you do will be noticed by everyone else demonstrates your

An adolescent's idea that she is unique,and that no one else has ever had the same thoughts or feelings that she does is called

The personal fable and imaginary audience are manifestations of adolescents'

Adolescents are more likely than young children to question the basic tenets of their religions because they have developed much greater _____ thinking abilities.

An adolescent's ability to think about her own thinking process is called

Because they have developed greater _____ thinking ability,adolescents are more likely than young children to appreciate the humor in satires and puns.

Einar will be most successful if he uses _____ reasoning to solve the following problem: All psychologists are kind and wise Larry is a psychologist Is Larry kind and wise?

When you draw a general conclusion based on your knowledge of a few specific cases,you are engaged in _____ thinking.

When you draw a specific logical conclusion from a given set of facts,you engage in _____ thinking.

The development of _____ is not one of the changes in thinking that takes place during adolescence.

Consuelo is afraid that everyone knows that she didn't do last night's homework.She believes that they're all staring at her and whispering behind her back.Consuelo's thoughts about this demonstrate her

When Coronado finds out that he's been given the lead role in the school play,he believes that everyone knows and is in awe of him,even though it is likely that very few of his peers actually know or care.Coronado's thoughts demonstrate his

When Gavin tells Thaddeus to walk a mile in his shoes before trying to judge him,he's asking Thaddeus to engage in _____ thinking.

Adolescents can take situational,emotional,and general factors into account when making decisions because they have developed

Because Netta has developed greater _____ thinking ability in adolescence,she's able to develop more sophisticated mnemonic devices to help her remember things at school.

Being able to think in multiple dimensions enhances an adolescent's ability to

As she gets ready for her date,Sonje thinks about where they'll go and what they'll talk about.She imagines that her date will take her to the local pizza restaurant and that they'll begin with small talk.She smiles as she wonders if he'll try to kiss her tonight.Sonje is engaged in _____ thinking.