Question 1

List three ways that neurons change during the first year of life.

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Question 2

A theoretical construct,proposed by Noam Chomsky.It refers to an inborn biological endowment that enables children to acquire language.

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Question 3

What is infantile amnesia? What explanation is given for this?

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Question 4

Strings of consonant-vowel combinations (e.g. ,da-da-da-da)that babies make at about 6 months of age.

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Question 5

Babbling,crying,cooing,first word,and gestures are forms of communication that emerge in a fixed sequence during the first year and a half of life.In the table below (a)provide the correct order of this developmental progression,and (b)state the approximate ages at which these language skills emerge.

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Question 6

Long vowel sounds (e.g. ,oooh,aaaah)that babies make at about 1 to 2 months of age.They are usually gurgling sounds that are made in the back of the throat and express pleasure.

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Question 7

An area in the left frontal lobe of the brain that is involved in speech production.

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Question 8

Memory of facts and experiences that individuals consciously know and can state (e.g. ,the capital of the United States).

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Question 9

Both children and adults speak to babies in a special way.Give at least four examples of child-directed speech and other language strategies that people use with babies.

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Question 10

List three situations in which mothers are advised NOT to breast-feed their infants.

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Question 11

List five of the nine basic infant reflexes discussed in the text,and briefly describe the infant's response to stimuli associated with each.

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Question 12

Define deferred imitation,explicit memory,and implicit memory.Give an example of each.

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Question 13

An area in the left hemisphere of the brain that is involved in language comprehension.

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Question 14

Briefly explain the cephalocaudal and proximodistal patterns of development.

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Question 15

List at least five benefits of breast-feeding.

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Question 16

List at least five risk factors that are associated with the likelihood of an infant dying from sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS).

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Question 17

How did Piaget define a scheme? What are the processes of assimilation and accommodation? How are they related to schemes?

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Question 18

Most adults remember little or nothing from the first 3 years of their own life.This is called ___.

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Question 19

Two or more short word utterances that children use at about age 1½ to 2 years old.The word combination is short and precise without grammatical markers such as articles and auxiliary verbs (e.g. ,ball mine).

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Question 20

The basic unit of sound in a language;the smallest unit of sound that affects meaning.

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Quiz 3: Physical and Cognitive Development in Infancy