Question 1

Complete the following fusion reaction.  + 
$\to$ ____ +

Accepted Answer

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Question 2

What particle(s)are produced in the following reaction?

Accepted Answer

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Question 3

Explain the treatment named boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT).

Accepted Answer

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Question 4

Explain the difference between 1 rad and 1 rem of radiation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the difference between 1 rad and...

Question 5

At the high temperatures necessary for fusion,matter exists as a plasma,which is

Accepted Answer

A plasma is a state of matter in which atoms are ionized, meaning that the electrons are stripped from their atoms. This results in a mixture of unbound and highly energized nuclei (ions) and free electrons. At the high temperatures necessary for fusion, matter exists as a plasma, since the thermal energy is high enough to completely ionize the atoms. A is incorrect because a liquid form of a radioactive element would not be a plasma. B is incorrect because electrons and positrons would not form a gaseous cloud at the high temperatures necessary for fusion. D is incorrect because at high temperatures, the matter and anti-matter would annihilate each other, resulting in the opposite of a plasma. E is incorrect because a dense solid composed of neutrons would not be a plasma.

Question 6

In boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT),boron-10 is injected into a tumor.When the tumor is irradiated with neutrons,boron nuclei capture the neutrons and disintegrate into two particles.These particles are lithium-7 and a(n)____.

Accepted Answer

In boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT), when boron-10 captures a neutron, it disintegrates into lithium-7 and an alpha particle. An alpha particle is essentially a helium nucleus, consisting of two protons and two neutrons.

Question 7

In positron emission tomography (PET),a positron emitted from an unstable isotope travels a short distance before it is annihilated by

Accepted Answer

When a positron emitted from an unstable isotope travels a short distance, it interacts with an electron in the tissue, and the two particles are annihilated. The resulting energy is emitted in the form of two gamma rays that travel in opposite directions. These gamma rays are detected by the PET instrument, which uses them to create an image of the body's metabolic activity.

Question 8

A 0.20-mL sample of a solution containing that produces 3.7 $\times$ 10³ cps is injected into the bloodstream of an animal.After allowing circulatory equilibrium to be established,a 0.20-mL sample of blood is found to have an activity of 31 cps.Calculate the blood volume of the animal.

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Question 9

Which of the following types of radiation has the greatest quality factor?

Accepted Answer

The quality factor is a measure of the biological effectiveness of ionizing radiation. Alpha particles have the highest quality factor because they deposit a large amount of energy in a small area, causing significant damage to nearby tissues. Additionally, if they are emitted within the body, they can cause even more damage than if they are emitted externally due to the distance they must travel through tissues.

Question 10

Which of the following statements concerning neutron activation analysis is/are CORRECT?
1)In neutron activation analysis,a neutron is ejected from an atom creating a new isotope that is one mass unit lower.
2)Neutron activation analysis is destructive,but requires less than 1 g of sample.
3)Neutron activation analysis creates isotopes in the excited state that emit gamma rays to return to the ground state.

Accepted Answer

Neutron activation analysis involves the capture of neutrons by nuclei, creating isotopes that are often in an excited state. These isotopes emit gamma rays as they return to their ground state. The process is non-destructive and does not involve the ejection of neutrons.

Question 11

Which of the following isotopes is used in the treatment of thyroid disorders?

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Question 12

All isotopes of atomic number greater than ________ are unstable and radioactive.

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Question 13

Which of the following statements concerning radiation absorption by living tissue is/are CORRECT?
1)The "quality factor" takes into account the differences in damaging power of the various forms of radiation.
2)One gray denotes the absorption of 1 joule per kilogram of tissue.
3)The SI unit for biological damage is a sievert (Sv),which is determined by multiplying grays by the quality factor.

Accepted Answer

All three statements are correct: the quality factor accounts for different radiation types' damage, one gray equals 1 joule/kg, and sieverts measure biological damage by adjusting grays with the quality factor.

Question 14

A unit used to quantify biological damage is called the ________ or rem.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A unit used to quantify biological damage...

Question 15

Neutron ________ analysis is a non-destructive process in which a sample is irradiated with neutrons.The neutrons react with nuclei to form isotopes with masses one unit higher than the original nuclei.The nuclei are formed in excited states and they emit gamma radiation that can be used to both identify the presence of an element and quantify how much is present.

Accepted Answer

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Question 16

The becquerel is an SI unit for the measurement of radiation.One Bq represents

Accepted Answer

The definition of the becquerel is that it represents one disintegration per second. Option A is incorrect because it refers to energy absorbed, whereas the becquerel measures activity or rate of decay. Option B is convertible to one disintegration per second, which is correct, but it is not the definition of the becquerel. Options D and E are incorrect because they refer to energy absorbed, not the rate of radioactive decay.

Question 17

Technetium-99m is routinely used in medical imaging.The italics m means the nucleus is ________.

Accepted Answer

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Question 18

Complete the following fusion reaction.

Accepted Answer

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...

Question 19

What percentage of the world's electricity is supplied by nuclear fusion reactors?

Accepted Answer

Currently, there are no nuclear fusion reactors operating at a commercial level to generate electricity. While research and development in this field are ongoing, no significant contributions to the global electricity supply have been made yet.

Quiz 26: Nuclear Chemistry

Complete the following fusion reaction. $Complete the following fusion reaction. + \to + A) B) C) D) E)$ + $Complete the following fusion reaction. + \to + A) B) C) D) E)$ $\to$ + $Complete the following fusion reaction. + \to + A) B) C) D) E)$

What particle(s) are produced in the following reaction?

Explain the treatment named boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT).

Explain the difference between 1 rad and 1 rem of radiation.

At the high temperatures necessary for fusion,matter exists as a plasma,which is

In boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) ,boron-10 is injected into a tumor.When the tumor is irradiated with neutrons,boron nuclei capture the neutrons and disintegrate into two particles.These particles are lithium-7 and a(n) ____.

In positron emission tomography (PET) ,a positron emitted from an unstable isotope travels a short distance before it is annihilated by

Which of the following types of radiation has the greatest quality factor?

Which of the following isotopes is used in the treatment of thyroid disorders?

All isotopes of atomic number greater than ________ are unstable and radioactive.

A unit used to quantify biological damage is called the ________ or rem.

The becquerel is an SI unit for the measurement of radiation.One Bq represents

Technetium-99m is routinely used in medical imaging.The italics m means the nucleus is ________.

Complete the following fusion reaction.

What percentage of the world's electricity is supplied by nuclear fusion reactors?

Quiz 26: Nuclear Chemistry

Complete the following fusion reaction. + →\to→ ____ +

What particle(s) are produced in the following reaction?

Explain the treatment named boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT).

Explain the difference between 1 rad and 1 rem of radiation.

At the high temperatures necessary for fusion,matter exists as a plasma,which is

In boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) ,boron-10 is injected into a tumor.When the tumor is irradiated with neutrons,boron nuclei capture the neutrons and disintegrate into two particles.These particles are lithium-7 and a(n) ____.

In positron emission tomography (PET) ,a positron emitted from an unstable isotope travels a short distance before it is annihilated by

A 0.20-mL sample of a solution containing that produces 3.7 ×\times× 103 cps is injected into the bloodstream of an animal.After allowing circulatory equilibrium to be established,a 0.20-mL sample of blood is found to have an activity of 31 cps.Calculate the blood volume of the animal.

Which of the following types of radiation has the greatest quality factor?

Which of the following isotopes is used in the treatment of thyroid disorders?

All isotopes of atomic number greater than ________ are unstable and radioactive.

A unit used to quantify biological damage is called the ________ or rem.

The becquerel is an SI unit for the measurement of radiation.One Bq represents

Technetium-99m is routinely used in medical imaging.The italics m means the nucleus is ________.

Complete the following fusion reaction.

What percentage of the world's electricity is supplied by nuclear fusion reactors?

Complete the following fusion reaction. $Complete the following fusion reaction. + \to + A) B) C) D) E)$ + $Complete the following fusion reaction. + \to + A) B) C) D) E)$ $\to$ + $Complete the following fusion reaction. + \to + A) B) C) D) E)$