Question 1

Identify the different attentional mechanisms suggested by electrophysiological evidence from monkeys.

Accepted Answer

V4 neurons are selective to color and form; ventral TE demonstrates selectivity to objects. Neurons in both regions can adapt to respond to targets in a more specific region of the receptive field of the neuron based on task demands.

Question 2

Use the following to answer questions:
Based on work by Maurizio Corbetta, match the following processes with the corresponding region of brain activation.
-attention to shape

Accepted Answer

According to Maurizio Corbetta's work, attention to shape activates areas V3 and TE in the brain.

Question 3

What is different about Posner and Petersen's "dual executive system" in the frontal lobes?

Accepted Answer

Posner and Petersen's dual executive model is somewhat controversial given that many researchers prefer a single, unified executive network theory. The current Posner and Peterson model suggests a top-down dorsolateral-PFC-parietal network for transient attention, and a separate anterior/cingulate medial frontal-anterior insular network for mediating sustained attentional activity.

Question 4

Use the following to answer questions:
Based on work by Maurizio Corbetta, match the following processes with the corresponding region of brain activation.
-attention to location

Accepted Answer

According to Corbetta's work, attention to location corresponds to activation in the parietal cortex.

Question 5

Cite evidence that attention is not a "thing in a place" in the brain.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Cite evidence that attention is not a...

Question 6

Use the following to answer questions:
A number of interesting theoretical ideas have been suggested regarding attention, consciousness, and related concepts. Match the concept in each question with the appropriate person(s) from the list below.
-dual executive systems ___

Accepted Answer

Posner and Petersen are known for proposing the concept of dual executive systems, which suggests that attention is controlled by both the prefrontal cortex and the parietal cortex.

Answer: A
 Treisman proposed the theory of feature integration, which explains how we selectively attend to certain features of an object while ignoring others.

Answer: C
 Kahneman is known for his work on attention and effort, including the concept of attentional spotlight and the idea that attention can be a limited resource.

Answer: B
 Moran and Desimone proposed the concept of selective attention, which refers to the ability to focus on certain stimuli while filtering out others. They also proposed the idea of feature-based attention, which suggests that attention is guided by specific features of an object.

Question 7

What constitutes a feature?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What constitutes a feature?...

Question 8

Use the following to answer questions:
Based on work by Maurizio Corbetta, match the following processes with the corresponding region of brain activation.
-attention to color

Accepted Answer

Maurizio Corbetta's work suggests that attention to color primarily activates area V4 in the brain.

Question 9

Define parallel processing and serial processing. Explain how they work together in feature searches.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define parallel processing and serial processing. Explain...

Question 10

What is the evidence that the response characteristics of neurons in the monkey brain change with task demands?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the evidence that the response...

Question 11

Why does finding a target with an extra feature take less time than finding one that lacks a common feature?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why does finding a target with an...

Question 12

Use the following to answer questions:
Based on work by Maurizio Corbetta, match the following processes with the corresponding region of brain activation.
-both selective and divided attention

Accepted Answer

The answer of Use the following to answer questions:
Based on...

Question 13

What evolutionary advantage might there be for faster detection of sad versus happy faces?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What evolutionary advantage might there be for...

Question 14

Describe the role of selective attention in the neural responses of the monkey in the experiment by Moran and Desimone.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the role of selective attention in...

Question 15

How do the results of the Corbetta et al. study shed light on the finding that patients with right - posterior parietotemporal lesions show more pronounced contralateral neglect than do patients with left - hemisphere lesions?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How do the results of the Corbetta...

Question 16

What is the evidence that stress might have a detrimental effect on attention?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the evidence that stress might...

Question 17

Use the following to answer questions:
A number of interesting theoretical ideas have been suggested regarding attention, consciousness, and related concepts. Match the concept in each question with the appropriate person(s) from the list below.
-feature maps ___

Accepted Answer

Treisman's feature integration theory suggests that objects are analyzed into their features in the visual system and then integrated into perceptual wholes, which involves the concept of feature maps in the process of attention.

Question 18

Use the following to answer questions:
A number of interesting theoretical ideas have been suggested regarding attention, consciousness, and related concepts. Match the concept in each question with the appropriate person(s) from the list below.
-attention in area TE ___

Accepted Answer

Moran and Desimone proposed the idea of attention being primarily located in area TE of the visual cortex.

Question 19

Use the following to answer questions:
A number of interesting theoretical ideas have been suggested regarding attention, consciousness, and related concepts. Match the concept in each question with the appropriate person(s) from the list below.
-divided attention___

Accepted Answer

Kahneman's theory of attention, particularly his idea of attentional resources, is relevant to the concept of divided attention, as it involves allocating those resources to multiple tasks or stimuli simultaneously.

Question 20

Define "bottom - up" processing and "top - down" processing. Give an example of each.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define "bottom - up" processing and "top...

Quiz 22: Extension: B - Attention and Consciousness

Identify the different attentional mechanisms suggested by electrophysiological evidence from monkeys.

Use the following to answer questions: Based on work by Maurizio Corbetta, match the following processes with the corresponding region of brain activation. -attention to shape

What is different about Posner and Petersen's "dual executive system" in the frontal lobes?

Use the following to answer questions: Based on work by Maurizio Corbetta, match the following processes with the corresponding region of brain activation. -attention to location

Cite evidence that attention is not a "thing in a place" in the brain.

Use the following to answer questions: A number of interesting theoretical ideas have been suggested regarding attention, consciousness, and related concepts. Match the concept in each question with the appropriate person(s) from the list below. -dual executive systems ___

What constitutes a feature?

Use the following to answer questions: Based on work by Maurizio Corbetta, match the following processes with the corresponding region of brain activation. -attention to color

Define parallel processing and serial processing. Explain how they work together in feature searches.

What is the evidence that the response characteristics of neurons in the monkey brain change with task demands?

Why does finding a target with an extra feature take less time than finding one that lacks a common feature?

Use the following to answer questions: Based on work by Maurizio Corbetta, match the following processes with the corresponding region of brain activation. -both selective and divided attention

What evolutionary advantage might there be for faster detection of sad versus happy faces?

Describe the role of selective attention in the neural responses of the monkey in the experiment by Moran and Desimone.

How do the results of the Corbetta et al. study shed light on the finding that patients with right - posterior parietotemporal lesions show more pronounced contralateral neglect than do patients with left - hemisphere lesions?

What is the evidence that stress might have a detrimental effect on attention?

Use the following to answer questions: A number of interesting theoretical ideas have been suggested regarding attention, consciousness, and related concepts. Match the concept in each question with the appropriate person(s) from the list below. -feature maps ___

Use the following to answer questions: A number of interesting theoretical ideas have been suggested regarding attention, consciousness, and related concepts. Match the concept in each question with the appropriate person(s) from the list below. -attention in area TE ___

Use the following to answer questions: A number of interesting theoretical ideas have been suggested regarding attention, consciousness, and related concepts. Match the concept in each question with the appropriate person(s) from the list below. -divided attention___

Define "bottom - up" processing and "top - down" processing. Give an example of each.