Question 1

Miranda is questioning whether her upcoming business trip, where she must travel through an area with many mountains, will pose a danger for her. As such, this example illustrates ________.
A) a stress reaction
B) coping
C) primary appraisal
D) secondary appraisal

Accepted Answer

Primary appraisal is the process of evaluating a situation to determine if it poses a threat or harm. In this case, Miranda is questioning whether her upcoming business trip could potentially be dangerous due to the presence of mountains.

Question 2

Which of the following is an example of an avoidance-avoidance conflict?
A) A person who enjoys the ocean has to choose between retiring in the Bahamas or in Tahiti.
B) A student has to decide whether to turn in an unfinished paper and receive a failing grade or hand it in late and lose many points.
C) A person has to choose between wanting to eat some cake but not wanting the calories.
D) A person who loves chocolate must choose between eating chocolate cake or chocolate ice cream.

Accepted Answer

In an avoidance-avoidance conflict, a person has to choose between two undesirable options. In this scenario, the student has to decide between turning in an incomplete paper and failing, or turning it in late and losing many points. Both options have negative consequences, making it an avoidance-avoidance conflict. The other options do not fit this definition.

Question 3

Qimat must decide between two equally good choices for his weekend activity. He can either go fishing with his dad or go to an amusement park with his friends. This is an example of a(n)________ conflict.
A) positive-positive
B) approach-avoidance
C) avoidance-avoidance
D) approach-approach

Accepted Answer

This is an example of approach-approach conflict where Qimat has to choose between two equally attractive options. There is no negative consequence associated with either choice. Ultimately, the decision comes down to personal preference or priorities. Therefore, both choices are equally good, and Qimat can choose whichever option he prefers based on his interests and values.

Question 4

Fabiana is beginning to realize that so-called surprise quizzes in her math class really aren't too much of a surprise at all because they tend to occur every week. Accordingly, she accepts that fact and regularly reviews the course material. This example best illustrates that ________.
A) there can be a mismatch between perceived control and the preferred level of control
B) coping is a whimsical process
C) perceiving a lack of control typically produces stress
D) events beyond our control can still be predictable

Accepted Answer

Fabiana's experience shows that events that seem unexpected, like surprise quizzes, can actually be predictable if they occur regularly. This highlights the idea that events beyond our control can still have a degree of predictability.

Question 5

A conflict in which a person must choose between two undesirable routes to a goal or goals is called__________.
A) approach-avoidance
B) avoidance-avoidance
C) approach-approach
D) multiple approach-avoidance

Accepted Answer

In an avoidance-avoidance conflict, a person must choose between two or more options, all of which have negative outcomes. This can create considerable stress and indecision for the individual. In contrast, an approach-avoidance conflict involves a single option that has both positive and negative aspects, leading the person to vacillate between pursuing the goal and avoiding it. Option A and C refer to conflicts involving both positive and negative aspects, while option D involves choosing between multiple options with both positive and negative aspects.

Question 6

Jacinta finds applying for graduate school to be frustrating. She believes that the entire process is random. As such, this example highlights the role of ________ in coping.
A) perceived control
B) self-monitoring
C) action
D) optimism

Accepted Answer

The example describes Jacinta's frustration with the graduate school application process, suggesting that she feels a lack of control. This highlights the importance of perceived control in coping with challenging situations.

Question 7

Bluma hates making decisions, especially about things she does not like. Her mom wants her to either mow the lawn or clean her room this weekend. This is an example of ________ conflict.
A) avoidance-avoidance
B) good-evil
C) negative-negative
D) approach-approach

Accepted Answer

In avoidance-avoidance conflict, a person has to choose between two undesirable options. Bluma dislikes both mowing the lawn and cleaning her room, therefore it is an avoidance-avoidance conflict.

Question 8

In cognitive appraisal, coping is ________.
A) only existent after tertiary appraisal
B) the primary mechanism in primary appraisal
C) taking some course of action to reduce the effects of a stressor
D) independent of primary and secondary appraisal

Accepted Answer

Coping is the process of taking some course of action to reduce the effects of a stressor. It can occur at any stage of cognitive appraisal, including primary and secondary appraisal.

Question 9

Jonah felt that his biology final was an extremely stressful event, whereas Susan did not. This example illustrates that ________ is crucial in determining whether a given stimulus is stressful.
A) perception
B) intelligence
C) gender
D) objective reality

Accepted Answer

Perception is the interpretation of a stimulus, which can vary from person to person. In this example, Jonah and Susan have different perceptions of the final, leading to different levels of stress. Intelligence, gender, and objective reality do not directly relate to one's perception of stress.

Question 10

In which stage of the general adaptation syndrome has the body reached the limits of its ability to adapt to stress, which may result in the development of stress-related diseases?
A) alarm
B) collapse
C) exhaustion
D) resistance

Accepted Answer

The exhaustion stage is the third and final stage of the general adaptation syndrome where the body has reached the limits of its ability to adapt to stress. At this point, the body's resources have been depleted and it may result in the development of stress-related diseases such as chronic fatigue, depression, and anxiety disorders.

Question 11

Because Melinda is attempting to make a difficult choice as whether to file for divorce, she is probably experiencing ________.
A) learned helplessness
B) internal conflict
C) burnout
D) little perceived control

Accepted Answer

Melinda is likely experiencing internal conflict because she is struggling to make a decision between two conflicting options, filing for divorce or staying in her marriage. The other options, such as learned helplessness, burnout, and little perceived control, do not accurately describe Melinda's situation.

Question 12

According to Selye, some people may develop illnesses such as high blood pressure or a weakened immune system during the ______ stage of the general adaptation syndrome.
A) alarm
B) collapse
C) exhaustion
D) resistance

Accepted Answer

During the exhaustion stage of the general adaptation syndrome, the body's resources are depleted and the individual may become more susceptible to illnesses such as high blood pressure or a weakened immune system.

Question 13

As Olina started her job, her supervisors kept her work load low. As she progressed on the job, they increased her load. With each increase came an added level of stress, but Olina learned to handle it. As the number and intensity of stressors increased, Olina adjusted her ________.
A) alarm response
B) stress response
C) stress load
D) allostatic load

Accepted Answer

Allostatic load refers to the cumulative burden of chronic stress and life events. As Olina's stress levels increased and she adapted to handle more stress, her allostatic load would adjust accordingly. This term encompasses the physiological consequences of chronic exposure to fluctuating or heightened neural or neuroendocrine response that results from repeated or prolonged stress.

Question 14

Imagine that you have just flunked a class. You evaluate this situation and decide that flunking a class is stressful and important enough to be upset about. Next you decide to repeat the class in summer school. You have made __________.
A) a primary appraisal only
B) both a primary and a secondary appraisal
C) a stress-related decision
D) a hassle-related decision

Accepted Answer

The individual has made both a primary appraisal (identifying the event as stressful and important) and a secondary appraisal (deciding to repeat the class in summer school). The other options do not accurately reflect the decision-making process described.

Question 15

The exhaustion phase can cause damage to the hippocampal cells which affect ________.
A) sex drive
B) general mood
C) learning and memory
D) growth

Accepted Answer

The hippocampus is responsible for learning and memory, so damage to its cells can affect memory and learning abilities.

Question 16

After we have decided that a certain event is a stressor, we must decide how we will deal with it and what resources are available for coping with the stressor. This process is called________.
A) primary appraisal
B) secondary appraisal
C) tertiary appraisal
D) distress-eustress dichotomy

Accepted Answer

Secondary appraisal involves evaluating our coping resources and options for dealing with a stressor, after we have determined that it is a stressor through primary appraisal. Tertiary appraisal involves evaluating the effectiveness of our coping strategies. The distress-eustress dichotomy refers to the idea that stress can have both negative and positive effects on our well-being.

Question 17

During which phase of cognitive appraisal are resources available to deal with the stressors assessed?
A) coping
B) primary appraisal
C) secondary appraisal
D) tertiary appraisal

Accepted Answer

Secondary appraisal is the phase of cognitive appraisal where the individual evaluates the resources available to them to cope with the stressor. This includes assessing their own abilities, as well as any external resources that could help them manage the stressor. Primary appraisal is the initial evaluation of the stressor to determine if it is a threat or a challenge, while coping appraisal focuses on the selection and implementation of coping strategies. Tertiary appraisal involves evaluating the effectiveness of the coping strategies being used.

Question 18

During the resistance phase, ________ helps the body return to a more normal state in the presence of continued stressors.
A) cortisol
B) glucose
C) adrenaline
D) norepinephrine

Accepted Answer

Cortisol is a hormone released by the adrenal gland during the resistance phase of the stress response. It helps the body return to a more normal state by regulating physiological functions such as blood sugar and immune system activity.

Question 19

The _______perceived control one has, the _______the degree of stress.
A) more; greater
B) less; greater
C) less; lower
D) Control has nothing to do with stress.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that the less perceived control a person has over a situation, the greater the degree of stress they experience. On the other hand, the more perceived control a person has, the lower the degree of stress they experience.

Question 20

Sharon is regularly abused by her husband. Her perceived lack of control in the situation prevents her from leaving him. This is known as ________.
A) internal conflict
B) learned helplessness
C) exhaustion phase
D) resistance

Accepted Answer

Learned helplessness is a psychological state in which an individual feels helpless and powerless to change their situation, even when such change is possible. Sharon's perceived lack of control in her abusive relationship is an example of learned helplessness.

Quiz 10: Stress, Health, and Coping: Dealing With Life

Miranda is questioning whether her upcoming business trip, where she must travel through an area with many mountains, will pose a danger for her. As such, this example illustrates ________.

Which of the following is an example of an avoidance-avoidance conflict?

Qimat must decide between two equally good choices for his weekend activity. He can either go fishing with his dad or go to an amusement park with his friends. This is an example of a(n) ________ conflict.

Fabiana is beginning to realize that so-called surprise quizzes in her math class really aren't too much of a surprise at all because they tend to occur every week. Accordingly, she accepts that fact and regularly reviews the course material. This example best illustrates that ________.

A conflict in which a person must choose between two undesirable routes to a goal or goals is called__________.

Jacinta finds applying for graduate school to be frustrating. She believes that the entire process is random. As such, this example highlights the role of ________ in coping.

Bluma hates making decisions, especially about things she does not like. Her mom wants her to either mow the lawn or clean her room this weekend. This is an example of ________ conflict.

In cognitive appraisal, coping is ________.

Jonah felt that his biology final was an extremely stressful event, whereas Susan did not. This example illustrates that ________ is crucial in determining whether a given stimulus is stressful.

In which stage of the general adaptation syndrome has the body reached the limits of its ability to adapt to stress, which may result in the development of stress-related diseases?

Because Melinda is attempting to make a difficult choice as whether to file for divorce, she is probably experiencing ________.

According to Selye, some people may develop illnesses such as high blood pressure or a weakened immune system during the ______ stage of the general adaptation syndrome.

As Olina started her job, her supervisors kept her work load low. As she progressed on the job, they increased her load. With each increase came an added level of stress, but Olina learned to handle it. As the number and intensity of stressors increased, Olina adjusted her ________.

Imagine that you have just flunked a class. You evaluate this situation and decide that flunking a class is stressful and important enough to be upset about. Next you decide to repeat the class in summer school. You have made __________.

The exhaustion phase can cause damage to the hippocampal cells which affect ________.

After we have decided that a certain event is a stressor, we must decide how we will deal with it and what resources are available for coping with the stressor. This process is called________.

During which phase of cognitive appraisal are resources available to deal with the stressors assessed?

During the resistance phase, ________ helps the body return to a more normal state in the presence of continued stressors.

The _perceived control one has, the _the degree of stress.

Sharon is regularly abused by her husband. Her perceived lack of control in the situation prevents her from leaving him. This is known as ________.