Question 1

An Institutional Review Board (IRB) looks out for the welfare of those serving as participants in research.

Accepted Answer

An IRB is responsible for reviewing research proposals to ensure that they meet ethical guidelines and protect the welfare of research participants. Therefore, the statement is true.

Question 2

The phrase, "the whole is greater than sum of its parts," is most closely associated with which early school of psychology? Why does that phrase apply to that school of psychology?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The phrase, "the whole is greater than...

Question 3

What is the key idea of Freud's psychodynamic theory?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the key idea of Freud's...

Question 4

The dependent variable represents the variable the experimenter manipulates.

Accepted Answer

The dependent variable is not the variable that the experimenter manipulates, rather it is the variable that is being measured and its changes are caused by the independent variable. The independent variable is the variable that the experimenter manipulates.

Question 5

List the three levels of analysis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of List the three levels of analysis....

Question 6

A good theory is one that can be rejected if its predictions are not confirmed.

Accepted Answer

A good theory should make specific predictions that can be tested and potentially falsified through empirical evidence. If a theory's predictions are repeatedly shown to be inaccurate or unsupported, it is expected that the theory will be modified or discarded. Therefore, a theory that cannot be rejected through empirical testing is not scientific.

Question 7

List and describe psychology's parent disciplines.

Accepted Answer

The answer of List and describe psychology's parent disciplines....

Question 8

Random selection refers to placing participants into experimental groups by chance.

Accepted Answer

Random selection refers to the process of choosing participants from a larger population to be included in a study, ensuring that each individual has an equal chance of being selected. Random assignment, not random selection, is the process of placing participants into experimental groups by chance.

Question 9

The value of surveys can be limited in that people may not provide accurate results.

Accepted Answer

People may not always provide honest or accurate responses in surveys due to various factors such as social desirability bias, fear of judgement or consequences, etc. This can limit the reliability and validity of the data collected through surveys.

Question 10

A developmental psychologist is interested in how various facets of human behavior, including mental contents and processes, develop with age and experience.

Accepted Answer

This is the definition of developmental psychology.

Question 11

Neuroethics is a branch of ethics with focus on the possible dangers and benefits of research on the brain.

Accepted Answer

Neuroethics is indeed a branch of ethics that focuses on ethical issues arising from research and treatments involving the brain and nervous system. It examines the ethical, legal, and social implications of advances in neuroscience, such as neuroimaging, brain-computer interfaces, and neuropharmacology. Its scope includes issues related to cognitive enhancement, neurodiversity, privacy, responsibility, and autonomy, among others.

Question 12

The functionalists were strongly influenced by whom? Briefly describe why.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The functionalists were strongly influenced by whom?...

Question 13

Dr. Waxner wants to compare the health habits of smokers and non-smokers. As such, she should probably use a quasi-experimental design.

Accepted Answer

A quasi-experimental design may be appropriate in this situation because the researcher cannot randomly assign participants to the smoking or non-smoking group. Instead, she can observe and compare the health habits of individuals who have self-selected into each group.

Question 14

A case study is a descriptive research method.

Accepted Answer

A case study is a descriptive research method that involves in-depth analysis of a single individual, group, or situation. It usually involves interviews, observations, and analysis of records and documents to provide a rich and detailed understanding of the subject of study.

Question 15

A confounding variable insures that there is a reliable effect of the independent on the dependent variable.

Accepted Answer

A confounding variable can introduce additional variability or bias into the relationship between the independent and dependent variable, making it difficult to determine the true effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable. Therefore, it does not insure a reliable effect; rather, it can obscure or distort the relationship.

Question 16

An applied psychologist may hold either a Ph.D. or a master's degree.

Accepted Answer

An applied psychologist may hold either a Ph.D. or a master's degree, although a Ph.D. is typically required for independent practice and research positions.

Question 17

You have learned a new therapy for treating anxiety attacks by reading journal articles. By doing this reading, you are safeguarded by the APA guidelines to now practice this therapy.

Accepted Answer

Reading journal articles alone does not qualify an individual to practice therapy. Additional training and credentials are necessary in order to safely and ethically practice therapy. Additionally, APA guidelines serve as professional ethical standards, not legal safeguards.

Question 18

List the three key ideas emphasized in the definition of psychology, then briefly describe each.

Accepted Answer

The answer of List the three key ideas emphasized in...

Question 19

Dianne, who suffers from bulimia nervosa, is most likely seeing a clinical neuropsychologist for treatment.

Accepted Answer

While a neuropsychologist may be involved in the treatment of certain eating disorders, such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa is typically treated by a team of professionals that may include a therapist, dietician, and medical doctor.

Question 20

Psychology is a science because it relies on a specific type of method of inquiry.

Accepted Answer

Psychology follows the scientific method of inquiry to formulate hypotheses, test these hypotheses through experimental research, and draw conclusions based on the results. Therefore, it is considered a scientific discipline.

Quiz 1: Introduction to the Science of Psychology: History and Research Methods