Question 1

The structure located just rostral to the junction between the spinal cord and the brain is the
A) medulla.
B) cerebellum.
C) pons.
D) reticular formation.

Accepted Answer

The medulla is located just rostral to the junction between the spinal cord and the brain, forming the lowest part of the brainstem.

Question 2

A thoracic surgeon operates in the vicinity of the thoracic division of the spinal cord;that is,the structures located in the
A) neck
B) torso
C) lower back
D) genitals and legs

Accepted Answer

Thoracic division of the spinal cord is located in the torso, therefore a thoracic surgeon operates in this area.

Question 3

Axons carrying sensory information to the brain may be found in
A) the ventral white matter of the spinal cord.
B) the dorsal white matter of the spinal cord.
C) both the ventral and dorsal white matter of the spinal cord.
D) the lateral white matter of the spinal cord only.

Accepted Answer

Axons carrying sensory information to the brain are part of the dorsal columns of the spinal cord, which are located in the dorsal white matter. Therefore, the correct answer is B.

Question 4

Lucy is experiencing problems with dizziness and maintaining her balance.Her physician is likely to look for the source of her problems in the
A) vestibular system and the cerebellum.
B) reticular formation.
C) red nucleus and the cerebellum.
D) cochlear nucleus and the inferior colliculi.

Accepted Answer

Dizziness and balance problems are commonly associated with dysfunction in the vestibular system and the cerebellum. The vestibular system is responsible for detecting changes in head position and motion, while the cerebellum plays a key role in coordinating movements and maintaining balance. Therefore, Lucy's physician is likely to focus on evaluating these structures for any potential issues that could be causing her symptoms.

Question 5

The reticular formation is involved with regulation of
A) appetite.
B) heart rate and respiration.
C) sexual activity.
D) sleep and arousal.

Accepted Answer

The reticular formation is primarily involved with the regulation of sleep and arousal.

Question 6

You've just heard that someone's spinal cord has been injured at L2 (lumbar nerve 2).Given what you've learned in this chapter,which of the following will likely be true?
A) The person will be totally paralyzed from the neck down.
B) The person will be totally paralyzed from just below the arms.
C) Depending on how severe the injury,the person may be unable to move or feel anything from around the waist down.
D) Depending on how severe the injury,the person may be unable to move or feel anything from around the chest down.

Accepted Answer

The lumbar nerves control the lower body, including the legs, so an injury at L2 would affect the ability to move or feel anything from around the waist down. However, it would not affect the upper body, so options A and B can be ruled out. Option D, while partially correct, includes the chest, which would not be affected by an injury at L2.

Question 7

The medulla contains nuclei responsible for which of the following functions?
A) balance and motor coordination
B) heart rate and respiration
C) visual reflexes
D) auditory reflexes

Accepted Answer

The medulla contains nuclei responsible for regulating vital functions such as heart rate, respiration, and blood pressure.

Question 8

Jonathan has been diagnosed with a tumor located in his medulla.His physician warns him that until treated,the tumor will most directly affect his
A) balance and motor coordination.
B) breathing,heart rate,and blood pressure.
C) control of aggression.
D) decision-making.

Accepted Answer

The medulla oblongata controls vital functions such as breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure. A tumor in this area can disrupt these functions and lead to serious health problems.

Question 9

The brainstem contains which of the following structures?
A) the central sulcus
B) the corpus callosum
C) the medulla
D) the hypothalamus

Accepted Answer

The brainstem contains the medulla, which is involved in many autonomic functions including heartbeat, breathing, and digestion. The central sulcus is located in the cerebral cortex, the corpus callosum is a structure that connects the two hemispheres of the brain, and the hypothalamus is located in the diencephalon region of the brain.

Question 10

A person with cervical spinal cord damage is known as a _________ and experiences loss of sensation and motor control in the _________.
A) paraplegic;arms and legs
B) paraplegic;legs only
C) quadriplegic;arms and legs
D) quadriplegic;legs only

Accepted Answer

A person with cervical spinal cord damage is known as a quadriplegic, which means they experience loss of sensation and motor control in both their arms and legs.  Paraplegics have lower spinal cord injuries and experience loss of sensation and motor control only in their legs.

Question 11

The knee jerk reflex,in which your foot kicks in response to a tap on your knee,is also known as a _________ reflex.
A) withdrawal
B) postural
C) patellar
D) polysynaptic

Accepted Answer

The knee jerk reflex is also known as the patellar reflex named after the patellar tendon that is being tested. This reflex is an example of a monosynaptic reflex which means that it involves only one synapse between the sensory and motor neurons.

Question 12

As a result of an accident that occurred while playing football,Michael must wear a device known as a cervical collar until his injuries heal.Based on this information,we know that Michael injured his
A) shoulder
B) knee
C) neck
D) lower back

Accepted Answer

The cervical collar is used to immobilize and support the neck, indicating that Michael has likely sustained an injury to his cervical spine.

Question 13

Spinal neurons that pass motor information to the body's muscles may be found in _________ of the spinal cord.
A) the white matter
B) the dorsal horns
C) the ventral horns
D) both the dorsal and ventral horns

Accepted Answer

The ventral horns contain motor neurons that pass motor information to the body's muscles. The dorsal horns, on the other hand, contain sensory neurons that receive sensory information from the body's receptors. The white matter contains axons that carry information up and down the spinal cord. Therefore, the correct answer is C - ventral horns.

Question 14

The cochlear and vestibular nuclei are located in the
A) midbrain.
B) medulla.
C) pons.
D) cerebellum.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The cochlear and vestibular nuclei are located...

Question 15

The pons and cerebellum make up which of the following divisions?
A) telecephalon
B) diencephalon
C) mesencephalon
D) metencephalon

Accepted Answer

The pons and cerebellum make up the metencephalon division.

Question 16

Another name for the midbrain is the
A) myelencephalon.
B) metencephalon.
C) mesencephalon.
D) diencephalon.

Accepted Answer

The midbrain is also known as the mesencephalon. The other options are different regions of the brain - myelencephalon refers to the medulla oblongata, metencephalon refers to the pons and cerebellum, and diencephalon refers to the thalamus and hypothalamus.

Question 17

The correct order of the spinal divisions from rostral to caudal is:
A) cervical,thoracic,lumbar,sacral,coccygeal.
B) cervical,lumbar,thoracic,sacral,coccygeal.
C) thoracic,cervical,lumbar,sacral,coccygeal.
D) cervical,thoracic,lumbar,coccygeal,sacral.

Accepted Answer

This is the correct order of spinal divisions, starting from the neck (cervical) and moving down towards the tailbone (coccygeal).

Question 18

The brainstem contains the
A) hindbrain only.
B) midbrain only.
C) hindbrain and midbrain.
D) hindbrain,midbrain,and forebrain.

Accepted Answer

The brainstem includes both the hindbrain and the midbrain.

Question 19

Julie's physician tells her that she damaged a disk in the lumbar region of her spinal cord.It is likely that Julie sought medical advice due to pain she experienced in her
A) neck
B) upper back
C) shoulder
D) lower back

Accepted Answer

The lumbar region of the spinal cord is located in the lower back, so it is likely that Julie sought medical advice due to pain in that area.

Question 20

The myelencephalon and metencephalon are located in the
A) hindbrain.
B) midbrain.
C) forebrain.
D) cerebellum.

Accepted Answer

The myelencephalon and metencephalon are two of the three primary divisions of the hindbrain. The myelencephalon is also known as the medulla oblongata, which controls critical functions such as breathing and heart rate. The metencephalon includes the cerebellum and the pons, which are involved in coordination and movement of the body.

Quiz 2: The Anatomy and Evolution of the Nervous System

The structure located just rostral to the junction between the spinal cord and the brain is the

A thoracic surgeon operates in the vicinity of the thoracic division of the spinal cord;that is,the structures located in the

Axons carrying sensory information to the brain may be found in

Lucy is experiencing problems with dizziness and maintaining her balance.Her physician is likely to look for the source of her problems in the

The reticular formation is involved with regulation of

You've just heard that someone's spinal cord has been injured at L2 (lumbar nerve 2) .Given what you've learned in this chapter,which of the following will likely be true?

The medulla contains nuclei responsible for which of the following functions?

Jonathan has been diagnosed with a tumor located in his medulla.His physician warns him that until treated,the tumor will most directly affect his

The brainstem contains which of the following structures?

A person with cervical spinal cord damage is known as a _ and experiences loss of sensation and motor control in the _.

The knee jerk reflex,in which your foot kicks in response to a tap on your knee,is also known as a _________ reflex.

As a result of an accident that occurred while playing football,Michael must wear a device known as a cervical collar until his injuries heal.Based on this information,we know that Michael injured his

Spinal neurons that pass motor information to the body's muscles may be found in _________ of the spinal cord.

The cochlear and vestibular nuclei are located in the

The pons and cerebellum make up which of the following divisions?

Another name for the midbrain is the

The correct order of the spinal divisions from rostral to caudal is:

The brainstem contains the

Julie's physician tells her that she damaged a disk in the lumbar region of her spinal cord.It is likely that Julie sought medical advice due to pain she experienced in her

The myelencephalon and metencephalon are located in the