Question 1

Shauna's parental philosophy is to accept and love her children regardless of their behavioral,emotional,and academic problems.According to Carl Rogers,Shauna is giving her children

Accepted Answer

Unconditional positive regard is a concept introduced by Carl Rogers, which means showing complete and unconditional love and acceptance towards a person regardless of their actions or behavior. In this scenario, Shauna's parental philosophy aligns with this concept as she accepts and loves her children despite their problems.

Question 2

Humanistic psychologists were especially interested in assessing an individual's

Accepted Answer

Humanistic psychologists focused on the individual's subjective experience, including their self-concept or unique perception of themselves. They believe that an individual's self-concept influences their behavior and development, so it was a critical area to assess. Traits, extraversion, and ideals are more commonly studied by other branches of psychology.

Question 3

Self-actualized people,as described by Maslow,are especially likely to

Accepted Answer

According to Maslow, self-actualized individuals are those who have reached their full potential and have a deep understanding of themselves and the world around them. They are often described as being open, spontaneous, and creative. Therefore, choice B, "be open and spontaneous," is the most likely trait associated with self-actualized individuals. Choices A, C, and D are not necessarily characteristics of self-actualized individuals according to Maslow's theory.

Question 4

Professor Yon-lu tells his class that he believes that psychologists should ask people to report their own experiences and feelings instead of conducting objective laboratory experiments.Professor Yon-lu is a

Accepted Answer

Professor Yon-lu's belief aligns with the humanistic perspective, which emphasizes the subjective experiences and personal growth of individuals. Humanistic psychologists believe in the importance of self-report and subjective experiences over objective measures.

Question 5

Self-actualized people,as described by Maslow,are LEAST likely to

Accepted Answer

Self-actualized individuals, according to Maslow, are characterized by their focus on personal growth, fulfillment, and the realization of their potential, rather than being self-centered in their needs. They are more likely to be altruistic and concerned with problem-solving for the greater good, rather than focusing solely on their own needs.

Question 6

Which personality theories emphasize the importance of people's capacity for self-determination and self-realization?

Accepted Answer

The humanistic perspective emphasizes the importance of people's capacity for self-determination and self-realization. This perspective posits that individuals have innate potential for personal growth and development and strive towards achieving their full potential.

Question 7

After getting lost in a forest,Andrea became so hungry and thirsty that she became preoccupied with finding something to eat and drink.She was most clearly focused on satisfying ________ needs in Maslow's pyramid-shaped hierarchy of needs.

Accepted Answer

Base-level needs in Maslow's hierarchy of needs include physiological needs such as hunger and thirst. These are the most basic and fundamental needs that must be satisfied before higher level needs can be addressed.

Question 8

Maslow studied healthy creative people to investigate

Accepted Answer

Maslow's primary focus was on the concept of self-actualization, which he studied by observing healthy and creative individuals. He believed that self-actualization was the highest level of human development, and his research aimed to identify the characteristics and behaviors of people who had achieved this state. Therefore, choice A is the best answer. The other options, such as extraversion, the person-situation controversy, and unconditional positive regard, are not directly related to Maslow's work in this context.

Question 9

According to Maslow,the desire to fulfill one's potential is the motivation for

Accepted Answer

Maslow's hierarchy of needs proposes that human motivation is driven by a hierarchy of needs, and self-actualization, or the desire to fulfill one's potential, sits at the top of that hierarchy. Self-esteem and unconditional positive regard are related to psychological needs lower on the hierarchy, while agreeableness is a personality trait unrelated to Maslow's theory.

Question 10

According to Maslow,the top-level needs that arise after all other needs have been met include the needs for self-actualization and

Accepted Answer

Maslow identified self-actualization as the highest need that could be achieved after all other basic needs have been met. However, in later years, Maslow also recognized the need for self-transcendence, which involves the individual seeking meaning and purpose beyond their individual self, and experiencing a sense of connectedness to something greater than themselves. Therefore, the top-level needs according to Maslow are self-actualization and self-transcendence.

Question 11

According to Carl Rogers,people nurture our growth by being genuine,accepting,and

Accepted Answer

Carl Rogers believed that for personal growth and the development of a positive sense of self, individuals need to be surrounded by others who are empathic, meaning they can understand and share the feelings of others. In addition, Rogers emphasized the importance of others being genuine and accepting, as these qualities create a safe and supportive environment in which an individual can explore and express themselves freely.

Question 12

Lamont has frequently been rebellious,inconsiderate,and self-centered,yet the pastor of his local church has always accepted and respected him.The pastor's attitude toward Lamont is most explicitly recommended by

Accepted Answer

Carl Rogers is known for his person-centered approach and belief in the unconditional positive regard towards individuals, regardless of their flaws or mistakes. This aligns with the pastor's accepting and respecting attitude towards Lamont, despite his rebellious and self-centered behavior.

Question 13

Roberta has a secure sense of her own identity and is strongly motivated to develop her unique talents and interests so as to achieve her full potential.According to Abraham Maslow,Roberta exemplifies

Accepted Answer

Roberta's description matches the characteristics of a self-actualizing person according to Maslow's theory. Self-actualization is the pinnacle of Maslow's hierarchy of needs, and is achieved by individuals who have a secure sense of their own identity and are strongly motivated to achieve their full potential. This includes developing their unique talents and interests, which Roberta is described as doing. Unconditional positive regard and selflessness are concepts related to Carl Rogers and not Maslow, while extraversion is not directly related to the description given about Roberta.

Question 14

Who proposed that we are motivated by a hierarchy of needs?

Accepted Answer

Abraham Maslow proposed the hierarchy of needs theory, which suggests that individuals are motivated by a hierarchy of psychological and physiological needs, ranging from basic physiological needs like hunger and sleep to higher-level needs such as self-actualization and self-transcendence.

Question 15

Carl Rogers emphasized that a positive self-concept is promoted by

Accepted Answer

Carl Rogers believed that a positive self-concept is promoted by experiencing unconditional positive regard from others. This means that one's self-worth is not contingent on meeting certain conditions or standards set by others. Instead, others show acceptance and appreciation for the individual just as they are, which helps them develop a positive self-concept.

Question 16

Steven tends to be self-aware and self-accepting.He is open and spontaneous,loving and caring,and not heavily influenced by the opinions of others.According to Maslow,Steven has the characteristics of those who have reached

Accepted Answer

The characteristics described in the question match the characteristics of those who have reached self-actualization according to Maslow's hierarchy of needs. Self-actualization refers to individuals who have reached their full potential and have a strong sense of purpose and meaning in life, and are not heavily influenced by the opinions of others.

Question 17

Carl Rogers suggested that those who fall far short of their ideal self experience

Accepted Answer

Carl Rogers proposed that when individuals fall far below their ideal self, they experience a negative self-concept, which is characterized by feelings of inadequacy, low self-esteem, and self-doubt. This can lead to psychological problems such as anxiety and depression, and can also hinder personal growth and fulfillment.

Question 18

Morris is hostile,aggressive,and socially destructive.According to Carl Rogers,this behavior pattern is most likely to result from

Accepted Answer

Carl Rogers believed that individuals develop personality traits based on their environment and experiences. A growth-inhibiting environment can lead to negative behavior patterns such as hostility, aggression, and social destructiveness. Rogers emphasized the importance of providing an environment that fosters growth and development, which can lead to more positive behavior patterns. Therefore, the best choice is A.

Question 19

Catherine has a nice apartment in a gated community and has finances to provide for her basic physiological needs.She currently is in a happy romantic relationship and seems to have high self-esteem.She is also expected to graduate from college next semester and has been offered a position at her ideal location.According to Maslow,Catherine is now ready to seek

Accepted Answer

The answer of Catherine has a nice apartment in a...

Question 20

Dr.Lopez is a therapist who shares and mirrors his clients' feelings and reflects their meanings so that they can understand their problems.Dr.Lopez is utilizing ________ in his practice.

Accepted Answer

Dr. Lopez is utilizing empathy in his therapy practice, as he is able to understand and reflect his clients' emotions and meanings in order to help them understand their problems.

Quiz 46: Contemporary Research on Personality