Question 1

According to the humanistic perspective,people are driven by powerful,instinctive forces,manipulated by their environments,and are incapable of making choices and decisions concerning their lives.

Accepted Answer

This statement is false. The humanistic perspective emphasizes that individuals have free will, are capable of making choices, and are responsible for their own behavior and decisions.

Question 2

Psychological conclusions are based on evidence collected according to the principles of the __________ method.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Psychological conclusions are based on evidence collected...

Question 3

In Freud's view,human nature is not always rational,and behaviour may be driven by motives that are not in conscious awareness.

Accepted Answer

Freud believed in the existence of the unconscious mind which holds repressed desires, memories, and thoughts that can influence behavior without conscious awareness. Accordingly, he viewed human nature as complex and often irrational.

Question 4

The behaviourist perspective was pioneered by __________,who was first to argue that psychological research should seek the laws that govern observable behaviour across species.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The behaviourist perspective was pioneered by __________,who...

Question 5

Founded by the American philosopher John Dewey,the school of __________ focused on the purposes of behaviour.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Founded by the American philosopher John Dewey,the...

Question 6

One of the first psychologists in the United States,Edward Titchener assumed that all human mental experience could be understood as the combination of basic components.His approach came to be known as __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of One of the first psychologists in the...

Question 7

Evolutionary psychology differs from other perspectives in its focus on the extremely long process of evolution as a central explanatory principle.

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary psychology places a significant emphasis on the role of evolution over long periods of time in explaining human behavior and psychology. This distinguishes it from other perspectives that may focus more on cultural or social factors.

Question 8

Margaret Washburn was the first woman to receive a Ph.D.in psychology.

Accepted Answer

Margaret Washburn was indeed the first woman to receive a Ph.D. in psychology. She received it from Cornell University in 1894 under the mentorship of Edward Bradford Titchener.

Question 9

Simply stated,the idea behind natural selection is that organisms that are better suited to their environments tend to produce offspring more successfully than those organisms with poorer adaptations.

Accepted Answer

This is a basic definition of natural selection and it is true.

Question 10

Brain imaging techniques have led to dramatic breakthroughs in the field of cognitive neuroscience.

Accepted Answer

Brain imaging techniques such as fMRI, PET scans, and EEG have revolutionized our understanding of human cognition and behavior. These techniques allow researchers to observe brain activity in real-time and identify the neural mechanisms underlying various cognitive processes. As a result, cognitive neuroscience has made significant progress in recent years in areas such as perception, attention, memory, language, emotions, and decision-making.

Question 11

Clinical psychologists apply the insights of researchers,but are not trained to do research themselves.

Accepted Answer

Clinical psychologists receive training in research methods and are expected to conduct research throughout their careers. Research skills are considered essential for the development of evidence-based interventions and for advancing the field of psychology. While clinical psychologists may not focus exclusively on research, they are expected to be knowledgeable about research findings and to integrate this knowledge into their clinical practice.

Question 12

According to a survey of American Psychological Association members holding doctoral degrees in psychology,only about one-third has an independent practice.

Accepted Answer

The statement is true according to the survey of American Psychological Association members holding doctoral degrees in psychology.

Question 13

Antecedent environmental conditions and observable consequences that follow from a response are primary matters of concern for psychologists who follow the __________ perspective.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Antecedent environmental conditions and observable consequences that...

Question 14

John Dewey's approach to education led to an overriding emphasis on the importance of rote learning and encouraged teachers to instruct their pupils through "drill and practice."

Accepted Answer

This statement is false. John Dewey's approach to education emphasized experiential learning and active engagement with the curriculum, rather than rote memorization and drill practice.

Question 15

Abraham Maslow coined the term __________ to refer to each individual's drive toward the fullest development of his or her potential.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Abraham Maslow coined the term __________ to...

Question 16

The centerpiece of the __________ perspective in psychology is human thought and all the processes of knowing.From this perspective,people act because they think.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The centerpiece of the __________ perspective in...

Question 17

In the view of psychologists who follow the cognitive perspective,behaviour is completely determined by preceding environmental events and past behavioural consequences.

Accepted Answer

Psychologists who follow the cognitive perspective believe that behaviour is determined by an interaction between environmental events, personal factors (such as thoughts and beliefs), and past behavioural consequences. This perspective emphasizes the role of cognition and mental processes in shaping behaviour.

Question 18

The first psychology department in Canada was established in 1924 at __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The first psychology department in Canada was...

Question 19

Imagine reading a study that attributes abnormal behaviour to malfunctioning brain centers and hormonal imbalances.This analysis would be most consistent with the approach taken by a psychologist who favours the biological perspective.

Accepted Answer

The biological perspective in psychology emphasizes the role of biological factors such as genetics, hormones, and brain chemistry in influencing behavior and mental processes. A study that links abnormal behavior to malfunctioning brain centers and hormonal imbalances would be consistent with this approach.

Question 20

The first woman to receive a PhD in psychology graduated from Cornell University in 1894.This woman was __________,who went on to write The Animal Mind,a very influential textbook.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The first woman to receive a PhD...

Quiz 1: A: Psychology and Life