Question 1

Beck's cognitive therapy is particularly effective in the treatment of __________.

Accepted Answer

Beck's cognitive therapy is specifically designed to target negative thought patterns and beliefs that contribute to depression, making it particularly effective in treating this type of disorder. While it can also be helpful for anxiety disorders, somatoform disorders, and other conditions, it has been extensively researched and proven to be beneficial for individuals struggling with depression.

Question 2

Making someone who is afraid of snakes handle dozens of snakes in an effort to get him to overcome his fear is called __________.

Accepted Answer

The technique described is called flooding, which involves exposing a person to a large amount of the feared stimulus in an effort to reduce their anxiety and fear response. Systematic desensitization involves gradually exposing a person to the feared stimulus in a controlled and gradual manner, while aversive conditioning involves pairing the feared stimulus with an unpleasant consequence. Paradoxical intent involves encouraging a person to deliberately engage in their feared behavior, but with an attitude of humor or playful defiance, in an effort to reduce anxiety.

Question 3

For client-centered therapy to be effective,the client must perceive the therapist as showing _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of For client-centered therapy to be effective,the client...

Question 4

A technique which assumes it is impossible to be relaxed and anxious at the same time is _______.

Accepted Answer

Systematic desensitization is a technique where the individual is gradually exposed to anxiety-producing stimuli while in a relaxed state, with the assumption that it is impossible to experience both relaxation and anxiety at the same time. This is based on the theory of reciprocal inhibition, which suggests that relaxation and anxiety are incompatible responses.

Question 5

Systematic desensitization is especially useful as a treatment for:

Accepted Answer

Systematic desensitization is a type of behavior therapy that is particularly effective in treating specific phobias, which are characterized by a persistent and irrational fear of a specific object, situation or activity. Through a gradual and controlled exposure to the feared stimulus, the individual is gradually desensitized to the fear response, leading to decreased anxiety and an improved quality of life. Panic disorders, schizophrenia and depression require different types of therapy and interventions.

Question 6

An essential element of client-centered therapy is _______.

Accepted Answer

A nonthreatening atmosphere is essential in client-centered therapy as it allows the client to feel safe and comfortable expressing their thoughts and emotions. Other options such as free-association and exploring childhood experiences may be used in therapy but they are not necessarily essential elements of client-centered therapy. Properly timed and worded interpretations may be used in other therapeutic approaches, but in client-centered therapy, the focus is on providing a non-judgmental and empathetic environment for the client to explore their own thoughts and feelings.

Question 7

Albert Ellis is best known as a _______ therapist.

Accepted Answer

Albert Ellis is best known as the founder of Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT), which is a form of cognitive behavior therapy that focuses on identifying and changing irrational beliefs that lead to emotional and behavioral issues.

Question 8

Which method of treating phobias involves progressive relaxation and exposure to the feared object (either actual or imagined)?

Accepted Answer

The method described in the question is systematic desensitization, which involves gradually exposing the person to the feared object or situation while they practice relaxation techniques in order to reduce anxiety and fear. This approach is based on the principles of classical conditioning and aims to break the association between the feared stimulus and the negative emotional response.

Question 9

Systematic desensitization is especially useful as a treatment for ________.

Accepted Answer

Systematic desensitization is a type of behavior therapy that is particularly effective for treating phobias (specific, intense fears of a particular object or situation). It involves gradual exposure to the feared stimulus while practicing relaxation techniques to reduce anxiety. Panic disorders, schizophrenia, and depression may also benefit from therapy, but systematic desensitization is not typically the first-line treatment for these conditions.

Question 10

What do behavior therapists see as the cause of maladaptive behaviors?

Accepted Answer

Behavior therapists generally see maladaptive behaviors as learned responses to environmental stimuli. They believe that these behaviors can be unlearned or modified through behavior modification techniques.

Question 11

The belief that anxiety results from feelings and emotions repressed during childhood was proposed by _______.

Accepted Answer

The belief that anxiety results from repressed emotions from childhood is a key concept in Freudian psychoanalytic theory.

Question 12

Arranging anxiety-provoking situations in a hierarchy would be characteristic of __________.

Accepted Answer

Arranging anxiety-provoking situations in a hierarchy is a characteristic of systematic desensitization. This technique is commonly used in cognitive-behavioral therapy to help individuals overcome phobias or anxieties by gradually exposing them to feared situations while providing relaxation techniques to reduce anxiety. Behavioral contracting involves setting up specific goals and rewards for behavior, operant conditioning involves changing behavior through consequences, and aversive conditioning involves pairing an unpleasant stimulus with an undesired behavior.

Question 13

Cognitive behavior therapy is particularly effective in the treatment of _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Cognitive behavior therapy is particularly effective in...

Question 14

Cognitive models of therapy tend to focus on:

Accepted Answer

Cognitive models of therapy focus on changing faulty thinking processes in order to improve emotional experiences and alleviate symptoms. The emphasis is on identifying and challenging negative thoughts, beliefs, and attitudes that contribute to psychological distress. Corrective emotional experiences may occur during the therapeutic process, but they are not the primary focus. Similarly, fulfilling one's potential may be a goal of therapy, but it is not the main focus of cognitive models.

Question 15

_______ therapy assumes that problem behaviors are learned and,as such,can be unlearned.

Accepted Answer

Behavior therapy is based on the premise that behavior is learned and can be unlearned or modified through conditioning, such as classical or operant conditioning. The therapy focuses on changing specific problem behaviors by using techniques such as reinforcement, punishment, and modeling to encourage new, healthier behaviors. Group therapy, Gestalt therapy, and person-centered therapy are not based on the assumption that problem behaviors can be unlearned through conditioning techniques.

Question 16

Psychotherapies that emphasize changing clients' perceptions of their life situation as a way of modifying their behavior are called __________.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive therapy focuses on changing clients' perceptions and thoughts about their life situation as a way of modifying their behavior. It identifies negative and irrational thought patterns and helps clients replace them with more positive and realistic thoughts. Behavior therapy involves directly modifying behavior through conditioning, while client-centered therapy focuses on creating a supportive and nonjudgmental therapeutic relationship, and Gestalt therapy emphasizes the integration of different parts of the self.

Question 17

Sally's therapist wants her to bring her parents and siblings to counseling sessions with her.Sally is going through

Accepted Answer

The therapist's recommendation for Sally to bring in her parents and siblings suggests that the therapy is focused on the family system as a whole. This is characteristic of family therapy, which emphasizes the importance of understanding and addressing the dynamics and patterns of interaction within the family unit.

Question 18

Psychoanalysis is considered LEAST useful in treating _______.

Accepted Answer

Psychoanalysis is not effective in treating severe mental illnesses such as schizophrenia. It is more effective in treating neurotic disorders such as anxiety or depression, where underlying unconscious conflicts are thought to contribute to the symptoms.

Question 19

Maureen is in therapy because she is very frightened of her father and feels tongue-tied around him.After a few months she begins to feel frightened of her therapist also.According to Freud,this is an example of _______.

Accepted Answer

This is an example of transference, which is when a patient projects their feelings towards a specific person onto someone else, usually their therapist. In this case, Maureen is transferring her fear from her father onto her therapist, which is a common occurrence in therapy.

Question 20

The originator of rational-emotive therapy is _______.

Accepted Answer

Albert Ellis is the originator of rational-emotive therapy (also known as rational emotive behavior therapy). It is a form of cognitive behavioral therapy that helps individuals identify and change irrational beliefs that lead to negative emotions and behaviors. Bandura, Perls, and Rogers are important figures in the field of psychology but are not associated with the development of rational-emotive therapy.

Quiz 16: Approaches to Treatment and Therapy