Question 1

What effect do some free radicals have on the body?
A)They cause the steroid oxidase to build up in the body over time.
B)They destroy the telomeres at the end of DNA chains.
C)They enter into potentially harmful chemical reactions that cause irreparable cell damage.
D)They cause the buildup of atoms that possess an unpaired electron.

Accepted Answer

Free radicals can enter into potentially harmful chemical reactions that cause irreparable cell damage, leading to various diseases and aging.

Answer: D 
 Free radicals cause the buildup of atoms that possess an unpaired electron, which can lead to oxidative stress and damage to cells, proteins, and DNA.

Question 2

Which of the following are a group of neurological disorders that involve memory and thinking-affecting social,emotional and physical functioning?
A)The deleriums
B)The dementias
C)The senescences
D)The mood disorders

Accepted Answer

The group of neurological disorders that involve memory and thinking and affect social, emotional, and physical functioning are called dementias. Deliriums are acute confusional states, senescence refers to the aging process, and mood disorders are conditions affecting emotions such as depression or bipolar disorder.

Question 3

Garrett often overeats,complaining that he feels hungry all the time.His doctor has suggested that this problem is due to a malfunction in the sensation associated with blood sugar levels known as
A)deprivation.
B)satiety.
C)insulin.
D)diabetes.

Accepted Answer

The sensation associated with blood sugar levels that signals fullness and satiety is known as satiety. Therefore, Garrett's overeating may be due to a malfunction in this sensation.

Question 4

Approximately what percentage of elders in the young old subgroup continue to be sexually active?
A)40%
B)20%
C)60%
D)70%

Accepted Answer

The answer of Approximately what percentage of elders in the...

Question 5

Which of the following is the best definition of Alzheimer's disease?
A)The late stage of alcohol-induced dementia
B)A severe form of dementia for which the cause is unknown
C)A more severe variation of Wernicke's syndrome
D)The mental deterioration that strikes the oldest old and the frail elderly

Accepted Answer

Alzheimer's disease is a type of dementia that is characterized by cognitive decline and memory loss, and the cause is not fully understood. It is not directly related to alcohol or other specific health conditions, and it can affect people of various ages, not just the oldest old or frail elderly.

Question 6

Which of the following suggests that all adults retain excellent physical and mental functioning until it plummets in the few years before death?
A)The spiral hypothesis
B)The downward trajectory hypothesis
C)The sundowning factor
D)The terminal decline hypothesis

Accepted Answer

The terminal decline hypothesis suggests that all adults retain excellent physical and mental functioning until it plummets in the few years before death.

Question 7

After eating,the blood sugar rises,resulting in a chemical message being sent to the brain that causes the individual to feel "full." What is the term for this sensation of fullness?
A)Glucose satisfaction
B)Insulin resistance
C)Satiety
D)Sugar-response effect

Accepted Answer

The term for the sensation of fullness after eating is satiety, which is caused by the rise in blood sugar levels and the resulting chemical message sent to the brain. Glucose satisfaction, insulin resistance, and sugar-response effect are not terms used to describe this phenomenon.

Question 8

What effect does Alzheimer's disease have on the eating habits of its sufferers?
A)Total loss of appetite
B)Disruption of normal satiety mechanisms
C)They forget to eat
D)The belief that they don't need to eat

Accepted Answer

Alzheimer's disease can disrupt the normal satiety mechanisms, which can cause sufferers to overeat, undereat, or have an unhealthy diet. They may also forget when they last ate, leading to irregular meal times.

Question 9

What does your text suggest about older women's sexual behavior?
A)They are more inhibited,due to their awareness of differences in their physical appearance compared to when they were younger.
B)They are less sexually active because of cultural prohibitions against expressed sexuality among the aged.
C)They are more sexually adventurous and willing to experiment.
D)They are more inclined to be sexually active with more than one partner-in other words,less bound by ideas of monogamy.

Accepted Answer

Research and societal observations suggest that older women may become more sexually adventurous and willing to experiment, often feeling more confident and less constrained by societal expectations or the roles they felt compelled to play at younger ages.

Question 10

Which of the following is likely to affect sexual activity in older age?
A)Medications
B)Increasing testosterone levels
C)Cultural taboos
D)Lack of interest

Accepted Answer

C  D  Medications can have side effects that impact sexual activity. Cultural taboos may discourage sexual activity in older age. Lack of interest can naturally occur due to various factors, including health and psychological changes. Increasing testosterone levels typically do not affect sexual activity negatively in older age.

Question 11

What is the biggest single behavioral effect of age-related physical change in late adulthood?
A)Increased irritability
B)Loss of energy
C)Lack of sexual desire
D)A general slowing down

Accepted Answer

The general slowing down of physical and cognitive processes is the biggest single behavioral effect of age-related physical changes in late adulthood. This can manifest as slower movements, reaction times, and information processing, leading to a decreased ability to perform tasks efficiently and quickly. It can also result in a decreased desire to engage in physical activity, further perpetuating the physical decline.

Question 12

How are sleep patterns typically affected by age?
A)Older adults typically sleep very soundly for longer periods through the night than they did when they were younger.
B)Older adults commonly have longer periods of REM sleep,or dream sleep.
C)Older adults must nap more during the day in order to accumulate the sleep they need.
D)Older adults tend to become "night people" by going to bed later at night and getting up later in the morning.

Accepted Answer

As people age, they often experience changes in their sleep patterns, including a decrease in nighttime sleep duration and quality, which can lead to an increased need for napping during the day to meet their sleep needs.

Question 13

Which of the following is a benefit of foods that are high in antioxidants?
A)Significantly increased longevity
B)Lower rates of heart disease
C)Decreased terminal drop period
D)Return to normal vision for patients with retinal degeneration

Accepted Answer

Foods high in antioxidants have been shown to lower the risk of heart disease by reducing inflammation and improving cholesterol levels. While they may have other health benefits, the options given in the question are not supported by current scientific evidence.

Question 14

Research on the cellular processes involving free radicals suggests that it may be beneficial to eat less of which of the following?
A)Protein
B)Fat and food additives such as preservatives
C)Red meat such as beef
D)Carbohydrates

Accepted Answer

Free radicals are highly reactive molecules that can damage cells and contribute to the development of various diseases, including cancer and cardiovascular disease. Research suggests that oxidative stress caused by free radicals is a key factor in these health problems. Certain nutrients, such as antioxidants, can help protect cells from oxidative damage. However, excessive consumption of certain nutrients, such as fat and food additives like preservatives, may increase the production of free radicals and contribute to oxidative stress. Therefore, it may be beneficial to eat less of these substances to reduce the risk of disease.

Question 15

Which of the following activities would most likely help an older person sustain their sense of balance?
A)Playing chess
B)Taking a psychology class
C)Doing tai chi
D)Playing cards

Accepted Answer

Tai chi involves slow, controlled movements that can improve balance, flexibility, and strength, making it an effective activity for older adults to sustain their sense of balance. Playing chess or cards and taking a psychology class do not directly address balance.

Question 16

Which of the following is true?
A)Older persons have an easier time learning a new activity that requires fine motor skills.
B)Older adults' sense of balance appears to improve with age.
C)Fine motor skills with older adults' area of expertise decline little and improve with age.
D)Loss of fine motor skills dramatically declines in old age.

Accepted Answer

C) Fine motor skills in areas of expertise show little decline and can improve with age due to continued practice and experience. This contrasts with the general trend of declining motor skills in old age.

Question 17

Which of the following is the name of the theory that says that aging is a result of species-specific genes?
A)Programmed senescence theory
B)Telomeric theory
C)The Hayflick limit
D)Race-specific DNA theory

Accepted Answer

The programmed senescence theory proposes that aging is a result of species-specific genes that regulate the pace and timing of an organism's development, growth, and senescence. This theory suggests that aging is a genetically regulated process that is intrinsic to an organism's biology, rather than a consequence of external factors like wear and tear.

Question 18

Which of the following is statistically true of older drivers?
A)They have more accidents per miles driven than younger drivers.
B)They have very few automobile accidents.
C)They have more accidents overall than younger drivers.
D)There is no statistical difference in numbers of accidents between older and younger drivers.

Accepted Answer

Statistically, older drivers have more accidents per miles driven than younger drivers. This may be due to decreased reaction time and vision, as well as other age-related declines in physical abilities. However, it does not necessarily mean that older drivers are more dangerous overall, as they may drive less frequently and have less exposure to potential accidents.

Question 19

What is the most serious consequence stemming from the loss of balance among older adults?
A)A reduction in dexterity when attempting to perform household tasks
B)An increase in depressed mood as a result of impaired mobility
C)Reduced stamina
D)An increase in falls

Accepted Answer

The most serious consequence stemming from the loss of balance among older adults is an increase in falls. Falls can result in serious injuries such as fractures, head injuries, and even death. It can also lead to further mobility impairments and decreased quality of life.

Question 20

Which of the following would be least affected by the general slowing down that older adults experience?
A)Driving a car
B)Writing a grocery list
C)Translating thoughts into action
D)Being a generally optimistic person

Accepted Answer

Being a generally optimistic person is not a cognitive or physical task, but rather a personality trait. Therefore, it would be least affected by the general slowing down that older adults experience.

Quiz 17: Physical and Cognitive Developmentin Late Adulthood

What effect do some free radicals have on the body?

Which of the following are a group of neurological disorders that involve memory and thinking-affecting social,emotional and physical functioning?

Garrett often overeats,complaining that he feels hungry all the time.His doctor has suggested that this problem is due to a malfunction in the sensation associated with blood sugar levels known as

Approximately what percentage of elders in the young old subgroup continue to be sexually active?

Which of the following is the best definition of Alzheimer's disease?

Which of the following suggests that all adults retain excellent physical and mental functioning until it plummets in the few years before death?

After eating,the blood sugar rises,resulting in a chemical message being sent to the brain that causes the individual to feel "full." What is the term for this sensation of fullness?

What effect does Alzheimer's disease have on the eating habits of its sufferers?

What does your text suggest about older women's sexual behavior?

Which of the following is likely to affect sexual activity in older age?

What is the biggest single behavioral effect of age-related physical change in late adulthood?

How are sleep patterns typically affected by age?

Which of the following is a benefit of foods that are high in antioxidants?

Research on the cellular processes involving free radicals suggests that it may be beneficial to eat less of which of the following?

Which of the following activities would most likely help an older person sustain their sense of balance?

Which of the following is true?

Which of the following is the name of the theory that says that aging is a result of species-specific genes?

Which of the following is statistically true of older drivers?

What is the most serious consequence stemming from the loss of balance among older adults?

Which of the following would be least affected by the general slowing down that older adults experience?