Question 1

Which of the following is an effect commonly observed among adults who experience involuntary unemployment?
A)Heightened levels of anxiety and depression
B)Evolution of personality traits from conscientiousness and extroversion toward neuroticism
C)Lower risk of physical illness
D)Increases in an internal locus of control

Accepted Answer

Involuntary unemployment can lead to psychological distress such as anxiety and depression, as individuals struggle with financial insecurity and uncertainty about the future.

Question 2

Max has not planned well for retirement.He is now 60 years old and is facing mandatory retirement in 5-7 years.He is deep in debt.According to Dychtwald,what type of retiree will Max likely be?
A)Stretched and stressed
B)Indebted and poor
C)Anxious and idealistic
D)Wealth builder

Accepted Answer

Max's lack of retirement planning, coupled with his age and impending mandatory retirement, suggest that he will likely be feeling stretched and stressed financially as he enters retirement.

Question 3

Based upon the classification system of voluntary and involuntary career changers,which of the following is a reason for an involuntary career change?
A)To leave a job that does not pay enough.
B)To have a job that is more meaningful or fulfilling.
C)To leave a job because of a planned retirement.
D)Organizational restructuring that results in elimination of the job.

Accepted Answer

An involuntary career change is one that is not planned or initiated by the individual, but rather forced upon them due to external circumstances. Organizational restructuring that results in the elimination of a job is one such circumstance. A, B, and C all relate to voluntary career changes where an individual chooses to leave their current job for personal reasons.

Question 4

For individuals who are involuntary career changers,which of the following is most closely linked to improved health,emotional stability,and sense of well-being?
A)Transferrable job skills
B)Going to work at a new job
C)Job training
D)Unemployment benefits

Accepted Answer

Going to work at a new job provides structure, purpose, and social interaction, which are closely linked to improved health, emotional stability, and a sense of well-being for involuntary career changers.

Question 5

Marital ________,or a sense of control,leads to increased marital satisfaction in mid-life.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Marital ________,or a sense of control,leads to...

Question 6

Your text suggests that it is not uncommon for retirement planning to begin how many year(s)in advance?
A)1
B)5
C)10
D)15

Accepted Answer

The answer of Your text suggests that it is not...

Question 7

Which of the following approaches is unlikely to characterize the non-work pursuits of Baby Boomers in retirement?
A)Spending most of their time sitting around with minimal activity
B)Finding new ways to make money in their spare time
C)Doing volunteer work and contributing to charities
D)Spend time traveling and taking classes

Accepted Answer

Baby Boomers are known for being active and engaged in their non-work pursuits in retirement, so spending most of their time sitting around with minimal activity is unlikely to characterize their approach. Instead, they are more likely to engage in activities such as volunteering, learning new skills, and traveling. While some may continue to work or find new ways to make money in their spare time, this is not a defining characteristic of the generation's retirement pursuits.

Question 8

Some developmentalists believe that a ________ approach to explaining the unique stresses of middle adulthood is preferable to the idea of a mid-life crisis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Some developmentalists believe that a ________ approach...

Question 9

Lauren used to work as a telephone operator.Recently,the phone company for which she worked decided to go to an automated system.Lauren was laid off,making her what your text would call
A)an employment liability.
B)an involuntary career changer.
C)a volunteer career shifter.
D)a career transitioner.

Accepted Answer

Lauren did not choose to change her career, she was forced to do so because of the company's decision to switch to an automated system. Therefore, she is an involuntary career changer.

Question 10

Which statement is true regarding the retirement of the cohort known as Baby Boomers?
A)Baby Boomers view retirement planning as obsolete.
B)Baby Boomers expect that their standard of living during retirement will be greatly reduced in comparison to their pre-retirement standard of living.
C)Baby Boomers are likely to be in retirement for 20 years-far longer than earlier generations.
D)Baby Boomers expect that retirement will mean a permanent end to their roles as workers or employees.

Accepted Answer

Studies show that Baby Boomers are likely to be in retirement for at least 20 years, as compared to earlier generations who typically retired for 10-15 years.

Answer: D
 Baby Boomers generally view retirement as a permanent end to their roles as workers or employees, with only a small percentage considering returning to work on a part-time or consulting basis.

Option A and B are incorrect, as there is no evidence to suggest that Baby Boomers view retirement planning as obsolete or expect a greatly reduced standard of living during retirement.

Question 11

Which of the following is characteristic of a voluntary career changer?
A)Concrete coping skills
B)Lower tolerance for risk-taking
C)Low self-efficacy
D)Genetic predisposition

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is characteristic of...

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the anxious idealist?
A)A retiree who will manage her family's investments so that they can live well and give money to charity
B)A retiree who would like to give money to charity but is unable to do so because they barely have enough income to make ends meet
C)A retiree who will be forced to go back to work after their investments bottom out
D)A retiree who is torn between doing volunteer work and traveling

Accepted Answer

The anxious idealist is best described as someone who has good intentions or desires to contribute positively (e.g., giving to charity) but is hindered by practical or financial constraints, making choice B the most accurate description.

Question 13

Phyllis has worked as an interior decorator for twenty years.Lately she finds little satisfaction in her work and wants to do something she believes is more meaningful,like counsel troubled youth.If Phyllis walks away from her interior design business,what would social scientists call her?
A)Job-hopper
B)Voluntary career changer
C)Self-seeker
D)Altruistic employee

Accepted Answer

A voluntary career changer is someone who makes a deliberate choice to switch careers in search of more meaningful work or a better fit with their personal values and interests, which is exactly what Phyllis is doing. The other options do not accurately describe Phyllis's situation - a job-hopper suggests someone who frequently changes jobs without a clear reason, a self-seeker implies selfish motives, and an altruistic employee would continue to work in interior design but perhaps find ways to use their skills to help others.

Question 14

Studies support Erikson in his belief that a sense of ________ contributes to mental well-being in mid-life.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Studies support Erikson in his belief that...

Question 15

When I retire I plan to continue teaching one class per semester and spend the rest of my time doing whatever I please.Dychtwald would classify me as which type of retiree?
A)Anxious idealist
B)Stretched and stressed
C)Leisure lifer
D)Wealth builder

Accepted Answer

This retiree plans to continue teaching for enjoyment rather than a necessity for income. They also plan to spend the rest of their time doing whatever they please, indicating a desire for leisure and relaxation. This aligns with the leisure lifer type of retiree described by Dychtwald.

Question 16

______________ wrote about generativity and stagnation concerns that are common to many middle-aged adults.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ______________ wrote about generativity and stagnation concerns...

Question 17

Which of the following outcomes would be unusual in terms of the impact of a job loss on a marital relationship?
A)The level of problem-solving communication increases.
B)The ratio of positive to negative interactions decreases.
C)Separation and divorce become more common.
D)The number of hostile or negative interactions increases.

Accepted Answer

A job loss typically adds stress to a marital relationship and decreases positive interactions, which would make choice B and D more likely. While separation and divorce can occur, it is not necessarily the most common outcome for every couple. However, an increase in problem-solving communication would be an unusual outcome in this situation.

Question 18

Which of the Big Five personality traits contribute to the mental health of an involuntary career changer?
A)Conscientiousness and ambition
B)Agreeableness and openness
C)Neuroticism and openness
D)Neuroticism and compensation

Accepted Answer

Neuroticism may contribute to mental health issues, but openness to new experiences can provide individuals with a greater sense of adaptability and resilience, which may be beneficial for an involuntary career changer who needs to adjust to a new situation. Agreeableness and conscientiousness may also be beneficial, but they are not as directly linked to mental health outcomes. Compensation is not a personality trait and is therefore not a relevant option.

Question 19

The developmental task of middle adulthood,according to Erikson,is ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The developmental task of middle adulthood,according to...

Question 20

Which of the following reflects the findings of Ken Dychtwald in a survey of more than 3,000 baby boomers?
A)Most plan to retire in their 40s or 50s.
B)Most are financially prepared for retirement.
C)Baby Boomers have more anxiety about retirement than previous generations.
D)Most plan to work into retirement,but to combine paid work with other pursuits.

Accepted Answer

Ken Dychtwald found in a survey of more than 3,000 baby boomers that most plan to work into retirement but to combine paid work with other pursuits.

Quiz 16: Social and Personality Developmentin Middle Adulthood

Which of the following is an effect commonly observed among adults who experience involuntary unemployment?

Max has not planned well for retirement.He is now 60 years old and is facing mandatory retirement in 5-7 years.He is deep in debt.According to Dychtwald,what type of retiree will Max likely be?

Based upon the classification system of voluntary and involuntary career changers,which of the following is a reason for an involuntary career change?

For individuals who are involuntary career changers,which of the following is most closely linked to improved health,emotional stability,and sense of well-being?

Marital ________,or a sense of control,leads to increased marital satisfaction in mid-life.

Your text suggests that it is not uncommon for retirement planning to begin how many year(s) in advance?

Which of the following approaches is unlikely to characterize the non-work pursuits of Baby Boomers in retirement?

Some developmentalists believe that a ________ approach to explaining the unique stresses of middle adulthood is preferable to the idea of a mid-life crisis.

Lauren used to work as a telephone operator.Recently,the phone company for which she worked decided to go to an automated system.Lauren was laid off,making her what your text would call

Which statement is true regarding the retirement of the cohort known as Baby Boomers?

Which of the following is characteristic of a voluntary career changer?

Which of the following best describes the anxious idealist?

Phyllis has worked as an interior decorator for twenty years.Lately she finds little satisfaction in her work and wants to do something she believes is more meaningful,like counsel troubled youth.If Phyllis walks away from her interior design business,what would social scientists call her?

Studies support Erikson in his belief that a sense of ________ contributes to mental well-being in mid-life.

When I retire I plan to continue teaching one class per semester and spend the rest of my time doing whatever I please.Dychtwald would classify me as which type of retiree?

______________ wrote about generativity and stagnation concerns that are common to many middle-aged adults.

Which of the following outcomes would be unusual in terms of the impact of a job loss on a marital relationship?

Which of the Big Five personality traits contribute to the mental health of an involuntary career changer?

The developmental task of middle adulthood,according to Erikson,is ________.

Which of the following reflects the findings of Ken Dychtwald in a survey of more than 3,000 baby boomers?