Question 1

Which of the following should the nurse instruct a client diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus regarding vision care? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

Maintaining good glucose control and stopping smoking can both help prevent or manage diabetic retinopathy, a complication of diabetes that can lead to vision loss. Limiting exercise, reducing reading, frequently resting the eyes, and rubbing the eyes daily are not necessary for vision care in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Question 2

The nurse realizes that the best medication treatment for open-angle glaucoma would be:

Accepted Answer

Open-angle glaucoma is typically treated with a combination of medications to reduce intraocular pressure. Timolol and latanoprost are commonly prescribed together for this condition. Timolol is a beta-blocker that reduces the production of aqueous humor, while latanoprost is a prostaglandin analog that increases the outflow of aqueous humor. Using both medications can achieve maximum reduction of intraocular pressure.

Question 3

A client has been diagnosed as being legally blind. The nurse realizes this client's vision is:

Accepted Answer

A person is considered legally blind if their vision is 20/200 or less in the better eye with correction. This means that even with corrective lenses, the person cannot see clearly beyond 20 feet, which is considered severe visual impairment.

Question 4

A client is experiencing little flashes of lights and things floating in the visual field. The nurse suspects:

Accepted Answer

Little flashes of lights and things floating in the visual field are often symptoms of retinal detachment, which occurs when the retina separates from the underlying tissue. Cataracts, glaucoma, and conjunctivitis do not typically present with these symptoms.

Question 5

A client is diagnosed with strabismus. Which of the following will the client most likely experience with this disorder?

Accepted Answer

Strabismus, also known as crossed eyes, is a condition where the eyes do not align properly. This often leads to double vision (diplopia). Nystagmus (involuntary eye movements), aphakic vision (vision without a lens), and ptosis (drooping eyelid) are not commonly associated with strabismus.

Question 6

After surgery to remove a cataract, which of the following should the nurse instruct the client?

Accepted Answer

Following the schedule for prescribed eye drop medication is important for post-operative care and preventing infection. The other options are incorrect and potentially harmful.

Question 7

A tonometry test has been performed with a client and the results are 25 mmHg. The nurse know that:

Accepted Answer

A tonometry result of 25 mmHg is considered high and may indicate increased pressure within the eye, which can be a sign of glaucoma. Follow-up readings and tests are needed to confirm a diagnosis and determine the best course of treatment.

Question 8

A client is experiencing a loss of central vision but not a loss of peripheral vision. The nurse realizes the client should be evaluated for:

Accepted Answer

Macular degeneration is a leading cause of central vision loss in the elderly, which affects the macula, a small part of the retina responsible for clear and sharp vision in the center of the visual field. Peripheral vision remains unaffected, which differentiates it from other conditions such as detached retina syndrome or nystagmus. Conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the conjunctiva, which does not cause any apparent loss of vision.

Question 9

The nurse should instruct a client, diagnosed with glaucoma, that the purpose of medication is to:

Accepted Answer

The purpose of medication in glaucoma is to lower the intraocular pressure, as elevated intraocular pressure is the main cause of optic nerve damage in glaucoma.

Question 10

A client tells the nurse that she sees a shadow that is slowing getting worse in her left eye. Which of the following should the nurse do?

Accepted Answer

The client's symptom of a shadow worsening in one eye may indicate a serious eye condition that requires the attention of an ophthalmologist. The nurse should notify the physician as soon as possible. A and B are not appropriate responses as they do not address the client's possible eye health concerns. D is also not appropriate as it does not address the client's specific symptom of a shadow in one eye.

Question 11

A client is diagnosed with ocular cancer. The nurse realizes this client could be treated with: (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

The answer of A client is diagnosed with ocular cancer....

Question 12

A client tells the nurse that he does not want to develop macular degeneration like his mother. Which of the following should the nurse instruct the client as being risk factors for the development of this disorder? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

Aging, being female, and having a family history are known risk factors for macular degeneration.

Question 13

The nurse is planning instruction for a client experiencing dry eyes. Which of the following should be included in these instructions? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A) Drinking enough water helps to keep the body hydrated, which can prevent or alleviate dry eyes.

C) Blinking more frequently can help to spread tears across the surface of the eye, reducing dryness.

E) Rubbing the eyes can further irritate them and worsen dryness, so it should be avoided.

F) Dry air can exacerbate dry eyes, so it's important to avoid exposure to environments with low humidity or use a humidifier.

B and D are not appropriate interventions for dry eyes. Applying petroleum jelly can actually trap bacteria and irritants, and sun exposure in moderation is generally beneficial for eye health.

Question 14

A client has been diagnosed with cataracts. The nurse realizes that the only treatment for this disorder is?

Accepted Answer

The only treatment for cataracts is surgical removal of the lens (cataract extraction). Medical management with eye drops may be used to manage symptoms or slow progression, but cannot reverse or cure the cataract. Cryopexy and phototherapy are not indicated for cataracts.

Question 15

A client is experiencing a gradual blurring of vision in both eyes not associated with any pain. The nurse suspects the client is experiencing:

Accepted Answer

Gradual blurring of vision in both eyes without pain is a common symptom of cataracts. Glaucoma is typically associated with increased pressure in the eye and can cause vision loss over time. Macular degeneration is usually characterized by a loss of central vision. Retinal detachment can cause sudden vision loss or the appearance of flashing lights or floaters.

Question 16

A client is experiencing redness, burning, itching, and pain of the eyes. The nurse suspects the client is experiencing:

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described are consistent with conjunctivitis, also known as pink eye. Blepharitis typically presents with inflammation of the eyelids, while keratitis and iritis involve inflammation of different structures of the eye.

Question 17

A client, diagnosed with keratoconus, asks the nurse what caused the disorder to develop. The nurse should instruct the client on which of the following as risk factors for the development of this disorder? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

Ocular allergies, wearing rigid contact lenses, and vigorous eye rubbing are all known risk factors for the development of keratoconus. Sun exposure, herpes simplex virus, and dry eyes are not considered direct risk factors for this disorder.

Question 18

A client is receiving tests to diagnose glaucoma. Which of the following diagnostic tests will be used to identify this disorder in the client? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

The answer of A client is receiving tests to diagnose...

Question 19

Which of the following should the nurse assess in a client diagnosed with open-angle glaucoma?

Accepted Answer

Assessing the degree of lost vision is important in monitoring the progression of open-angle glaucoma, which is characterized by gradual vision loss over time. Headaches and blurred vision may be present, but they are not specific to glaucoma and may be due to other causes. The date of onset is also important to know, but it is not as critical to assess as the degree of lost vision.

Quiz 39: Visual Dysfunction: Nursing Management