Question 1

Which of the following should the nurse instruct a client who is scheduled for electromyography studies?

Accepted Answer

Electromyography (EMG) is a diagnostic procedure to assess the health of muscles and the nerve cells that control them. It does not require fasting or abstaining from pain medication. However, patients are often advised to avoid nicotine and caffeine for a few hours before the test because these substances can affect the nervous system and potentially alter the test results. There's typically no sedation involved that would necessitate alternative transportation home.

Question 2

A client, scheduled to have joint fluid aspirated from the knee, asks the nurse why the procedure is being done. Which of the following should the nurse explain to this client? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

Joint fluid aspiration is done to examine the synovial fluid in the joint cavity, to relieve pain, and to relieve edema and effusion. It is not done to realign the knee joint, visualize bone structure, or evaluate the status of ligaments.

Question 3

A client is being treated for a fractured scapula. The nurse realizes that the scapula is what kind of bone type?

Accepted Answer

The scapula is a flat bone that plays a key role in the movement and stability of the shoulder joint. Flat bones are typically thin and curved, and provide a broad surface for muscle attachment.

Question 4

A client is seeking medical attention for pain in the knee that occurred during a recent sports activity. The nurse realizes that the client will most likely have which of the following diagnostic tests?

Accepted Answer

An MRI is the most common diagnostic test for knee pain and is used to evaluate soft tissue damage, such as ligament tears, tendonitis, and muscle strains. It can also provide detailed information about bone and joint damage. Arthrography, angiogram, and bone scan are not typically used for initial evaluation of knee pain.

Question 5

The nurse is assessing a client's gait. Which of the following is a part of this assessment? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

Assessing a client's gait involves observing various aspects of their walking pattern, including the position of the foot during midstance (A), how the client pushes off from the ball of the foot (B), the rate and rhythm of their steps (C), the alignment of the head and its position relative to the rest of the body (D), and the spacing between the legs (E). These elements help in evaluating the efficiency, safety, and potential issues in the client's gait. Breathing pattern (F) is not directly related to gait assessment.

Question 6

A client is scheduled for a myelogram. Which of the following should the nurse instruct the client regarding pre-procedure activities? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

The client should drink extra fluids the evening before the procedure to help prevent dehydration. The client should take nothing by mouth 4 to 8 hours before the procedure to prevent aspiration. The client should empty the bladder before the procedure to prevent discomfort during the procedure.

Question 7

A middle-aged female client tells the nurse that her mother and aunts all have been diagnosed with osteoporosis. The nurse realizes that this client might benefit from having which of the following diagnostic tests?

Accepted Answer

A DEXA scan is the most appropriate diagnostic test for screening and diagnosing osteoporosis. MRI, CT scan, and myelogram are not typically used for this purpose.

Question 8

A client is experiencing an increase in resorption of bone. The nurse realizes that which of the following bone cells is responsible for this function?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts are responsible for bone resorption, which is the process of breaking down bone tissue and releasing minerals such as calcium into the bloodstream. Osteoblasts, on the other hand, are responsible for bone formation, while osteocytes and osteomasts are involved in maintaining bone tissue and regulating calcium levels.

Question 9

An elderly client tells the nurse that he has been having increasing difficulty walking and he has reduced range of motion in both hips. The nurse suspects that which of the following is occurring with this client?

Accepted Answer

Loss of elasticity of the ligaments and tendons is a common consequence of aging and can lead to reduced range of motion and difficulty walking. Reduced blood supply, interruption in nerve supply, and hairline fractures are possible causes but are less likely without further assessment and diagnostic testing.

Question 10

A client is scheduled for somatosensory evoked potentials. The nurse realizes this test is used to help diagnose which of the following disorders? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

The answer of A client is scheduled for somatosensory evoked...

Question 11

A client has an elevated C-reactive protein level. Which of the following should the nurse assess in this client?

Accepted Answer

C-reactive protein (CRP) is a marker of inflammation, and cigarette use is associated with increased inflammation in the body.

Question 12

A client is experiencing unstable hip joints with ambulation. The nurse suspects that a disorder is occurring within the strong bands of connective tissue that attach bone to bone or the:

Accepted Answer

Ligaments are strong bands of connective tissue that attach bone to bone and help to stabilize joints. If a client is experiencing unstable hip joints with ambulation, it is likely that a disorder is affecting the ligaments in the hip joint. Bursae are small sacs filled with fluid that reduce friction between tissues in the body. Cartilage is a tough, flexible tissue that covers the ends of bones in a joint and helps to cushion them. Tendons are strong bands of connective tissue that attach muscle to bone. While tendons also play a role in joint stability, they are not directly involved in attaching bone to bone.

Question 13

A client is recovering from surgery to repair a torn anterior cruciate ligament of the knee. The nurse should prepare the client to have which of the following diagnostic tests after the procedure?

Accepted Answer

Arthrometry is a diagnostic test used to measure the stability of a joint, particularly the knee joint, following ACL reconstruction surgery. This test measures the range of motion and degree of instability in the knee, providing valuable information about the success of the surgical repair. A bone scan is used to detect abnormalities in bone tissue, while arthroscopy is a surgical procedure used to visualize the inside of a joint. A bone marrow biopsy is used to diagnose blood disorders or cancers.

Question 14

The nurse is moving a client's leg toward the body during range-of-motion exercises. The nurse is doing which of the following with the client's extremity?

Accepted Answer

Adduction is the movement when the extremity is moved towards the body. Abduction is the opposite movement where the extremity is moved away from the body. Extension is the straightening movement of a joint while flexion is the bending movement of a joint.

Question 15

A school age child has sustained a fractured femur. When assessing the location of the break, the area that could cause the most concern would be the:

Accepted Answer

The epiphyseal plate is the area of growing bone in children and adolescents, where bone lengthens as the cartilage is replaced by bone tissue. Injuries to this area can disrupt growth and development, leading to deformities and other complications. Therefore, a fracture of the femur involving the epiphyseal plate could cause the most concern.

Question 16

A client, recovering from a fractured arm, is scheduled for an x-ray 3 weeks after the injury. The nurse explains to the client that the purpose of this x-ray is to:

Accepted Answer

The purpose of the x-ray 3 weeks after the injury is to determine the presence of a callus. A callus is a mass of tissue that forms at a fracture site during the healing process. Its presence on an x-ray indicates that bone healing has begun. This information is crucial for assessing the progress of the healing process and planning further treatment.

Question 17

A client, recovering from an extended illness, is having difficulty coordinating his movements to walk. The nurse should remind the client that skeletal muscle has which of the following normal properties?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscle is voluntary, meaning it is under conscious control by the individual. This reminder may help the client focus on coordinating their movements to walk.

Quiz 58: Assessment of Musculoskeletal Function