Question 1

The nurse suspects a client is experiencing atopic asthma when which of the following are assessed? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A,B,C,D,E

Question 2

The nurse is teaching a client how to avoid allergic reactions. Which of the following is not an appropriate recommendation?

Accepted Answer

It is not appropriate to recommend the use of corticosteroids daily to prevent allergic reactions as they are not meant to be used as a preventive measure and can have long-term side effects. The other options are appropriate recommendations to help avoid allergic reactions.

Question 3

A client recovering from a kidney transplant needs to be assessed for a hypersensitivity reaction. Which type of hypersensitive reaction is associated with transplants?

Accepted Answer

Type 4 hypersensitivity reactions, also known as delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions, are associated with transplant rejections. This type of reaction is mediated by T cells rather than antibodies and typically occurs days after the transplant.

Question 4

A client is being instructed to avoid airborne allergens. Which of the following allergens would be considered airborne? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

Airborne allergens are those that can be transported through the air, such as animal dander, fungal spores, and grass pollen. Eggs, milk, and insect stings are not typically considered airborne allergens.

Question 5

The nurse begins to experience red, itchy hands after using gloves for client care. Which of the following should the nurse consider as causing these symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Latex allergy can manifest as red, itchy hives or rash on the skin that has come into contact with latex gloves. It is important for the nurse to seek medical attention and switch to non-latex gloves to prevent further allergic reactions. Seasonal allergies and influenza typically do not cause symptoms specific to the hands, while serum sickness is a rare allergic reaction to medication or exposure to certain biological products.

Question 6

The nurse is determining if a client is experiencing an immune response. Which of the following is not one of the four R's of the immune response?

Accepted Answer

The four R's of the immune response are Recognize, Respond, Remember, and Remove. Therefore, option C is not one of the four R's of the immune response.

Question 7

A client is prescribed a Leukotriene modifier as part of asthma treatment. The nurse should instruct the client that this medication:

Accepted Answer

The answer of A client is prescribed a Leukotriene modifier...

Question 8

A client is experiencing a transfusion reaction. The nurse realizes that a transfusion reaction is which type of hypersensitive reaction?

Accepted Answer

Transfusion reactions are a type 2 hypersensitive reaction, which involve antibody-mediated destruction of cells. In the case of a transfusion reaction, antibodies in the recipient's system recognize the transfused blood as foreign and attack it, causing destruction of the transfused cells.

Question 9

Which of the following should the nurse instruct a client diagnosed with asthma on ways to reduce asthma triggers? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

Removing carpets can reduce dust mites, keeping pets off furniture reduces allergens, avoiding freshly cut grass and cigarette smoke prevents exposure to common triggers, and using medication before exercise can prevent exercise-induced asthma.

Question 10

A client is scheduled for a skin-prick test to diagnose the cause for his allergic reactions. Prior to this test, which of the following medications should the client be instructed to avoid? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

The answer of A client is scheduled for a skin-prick...

Question 11

A client begins to sneeze and have an increase in nasal secretions. The nurse realizes that the antibody that attaches to mast cells and plays a critical role in the allergic process is:

Accepted Answer

IgE is the antibody that attaches to mast cells and triggers the release of histamine and other mediators that cause allergy symptoms such as sneezing and increased nasal secretions. IgA is found in mucosal secretions such as saliva and tears and helps prevent infections. IgD is found on B cells and is involved in initiating the immune response. IgG is the most abundant antibody and is involved in defense against viruses and bacteria.

Question 12

During the health history, the clients says, "I have many allergies." Of the following medications, which one would be for the treatment of "allergies?"

Accepted Answer

Diphenhydramine hydrochloride is an antihistamine used for the treatment of allergies. Acetaminophen is an analgesic (pain reliever), Docusate is a stool softener, and Guaifenesin is an expectorant (used for cough).

Question 13

A client, receiving a dose of penicillin for an infection, begins to complain of difficulty breathing and has a respiratory rate of 38. This client is experiencing what type of reaction?

Accepted Answer

The client is experiencing a Type 1 hypersensitivity reaction, also known as an immediate or IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reaction. The symptoms include difficulty breathing, rapid respiratory rate, hives, and swelling. This reaction occurs within minutes to hours of exposure to an allergen, in this case, penicillin.

Question 14

A client is demonstrating signs of an anaphylactic reaction. Which of the following should the nurse do? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

Maintaining the airway, starting an intravenous line, and placing the client in the supine position are all appropriate interventions for an anaphylactic reaction.

Question 15

An individual is petting a cat. Early response to an antigen would include all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Early response to an antigen would involve symptoms such as itchy eyes, nasal secretions, and sneezing, but airway obstruction is not typically an early response. It is more commonly associated with a later and more severe allergic reaction known as anaphylaxis.

Question 16

A client is experiencing intense pruritis from contact dermatitis. Which of the following would be helpful for this client?

Accepted Answer

Hydroxyzine HCL is an antihistamine and can help relieve itching in clients with contact dermatitis. B and D may potentially exacerbate itching, and C can lead to further skin irritation and damage.

Question 17

A client calls for the nurse and says that her mouth has been itchy since she ate lunch. Which of the following should the nurse do to assist the client?

Accepted Answer

The client is exhibiting symptoms of a possible food allergy, so the nurse should first inquire if the client has ever been diagnosed with one. This will help the nurse determine the appropriate course of action.

Question 18

After instructing a client about food allergies, the nurse would determine that additional instruction is needed when the client states that which of the following foods should be avoided?

Accepted Answer

Carrots are not a common allergen and are not typically associated with food allergies. The other options (peanuts, shellfish, and strawberries) are common allergens and should be avoided if the client has been diagnosed with an allergy to these foods.

Quiz 43: Allergic Dysfunction: Nursing Management