Question 1

Estella is afraid of cats.To help her overcome her fear,her mother calmly pets and strokes a cat while Estella is watching.Her mother encourages her to imitate her behaviour.Estella's mother is using

Accepted Answer

Estella's mother is using modelling by showing her daughter how to interact with a cat calmly and encouraging her to imitate the behavior. Systematic desensitization involves gradually exposing the person to the feared stimulus, while flooding involves overwhelming the person with the feared stimulus. Aversive conditioning involves pairing the feared stimulus with an unpleasant experience, which is not the case in this scenario.

Question 2

Cherise finds out that she is being transferred to an office located on the tenth floor of a building.The problem is that she fears heights so much that she never goes above the third floor in any building.Her therapist teaches her how to relax deeply while imagining looking out over a balcony.As her therapy progresses,Cherise imagines herself on higher and higher floors.This technique is called

Accepted Answer

Systematic desensitization is a type of behavior therapy used to help individuals overcome phobias or fears. It involves gradually exposing the individual to the fear-provoking stimulus while teaching relaxation techniques to manage anxiety. This therapy usually starts with imagining exposure to the least feared situation and gradually progresses to the most feared situation. In Cherise's case, she is gradually exposed to higher floors while learning relaxation techniques, which is an example of systematic desensitization.

Question 3

________ allows psychotherapists to place persons in situations to confront and eliminate their fears that would either be infeasible or difficult to do in real life.

Accepted Answer

Virtual reality exposure therapy allows psychotherapists to place persons in situations to confront and eliminate their fears that would either be infeasible or difficult to do in real life. Virtual reality technology provides a safe and controlled environment for exposure therapy, where patients can face their fears and learn coping mechanisms without the risks involved in real-life exposure.

Question 4

Trina attempts to overcome her fear of clowns by learning how to shift from a feeling of tension to one of calm and relaxation.Next,she is asked to imagine different situations,each more anxiety-provoking than the previous.She only proceeds to the next situation if she can maintain her feeling of relaxation.Trina's therapist is using ________ to remove her fear.

Accepted Answer

Trina's therapist is using the technique of systematic desensitization, which involves gradually exposing the person to increasing levels of anxiety-inducing stimuli while helping them learn relaxation techniques to counteract the anxiety response. The goal is to eventually eliminate the fear or anxiety associated with the stimuli.

Question 5

Miranda is in treatment for alcoholism,and her doctor has prescribed Antabuse,which will make her vomit after drinking alcohol.Why might this not be an effective treatment for Miranda?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Miranda is in treatment for alcoholism,and her...

Question 6

Which therapeutic technique uses punishment and other strategies to create a negative response to a stimulus?

Accepted Answer

Aversive conditioning is a therapeutic technique that involves using punishment or other unpleasant strategies to create a negative response to a stimulus. This is often used in the treatment of addictions, as it aims to associate the addictive behavior with negative outcomes, such as nausea or pain. Flooding and systematic desensitization are both exposure therapies, which involve gradually exposing the client to the feared stimulus in a safe and controlled environment. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a treatment for severe depression and other mental illnesses, which involves using electric currents to induce a seizure in the brain.

Question 7

For which of these problems would systematic desensitization most likely be used?

Accepted Answer

Systematic desensitization is a type of therapy that is commonly used to treat phobias, which are intense and irrational fears of specific objects or situations. In this type of therapy, the patient is gradually exposed to the feared object or situation while practicing relaxation techniques. Alice's fear of heights would be a good candidate for systematic desensitization because it is a specific fear that is impacting her daily life and can be addressed through exposure therapy. The other options listed are more complex mental health issues that would require different types of treatment.

Question 8

Research discussed in your textbook suggests that virtual reality exposure therapy might help

Accepted Answer

The research discussed in the textbook suggests that virtual reality exposure therapy might help soldiers returning from combat with PTSD.

Question 9

Jenny was been bitten by several dogs when she was younger.As an adult,Jenny has an extreme phobia for dogs,and begins to shake if she even sees a dog.Using the language of classical conditioning,dogs have become a

Accepted Answer

Dogs were originally an unconditioned stimulus, but through repeated association with the pain of being bitten, they have become a conditioned stimulus that elicits the conditioned response of fear and shaking.

Question 10

Thanks to new computer technology,virtual reality devices permit behaviour therapists to conduct _______________ in their offices.

Accepted Answer

Virtual reality devices allow for exposure therapy, in which the therapist can simulate triggering situations or environments for the patient to confront in a controlled setting. This is particularly useful for treating anxiety disorders and phobias. Free association and transference are psychoanalytic techniques typically used in talk therapy sessions, while unconditional positive regard is a humanistic approach to therapy that involves acceptance and support for the patient regardless of their behavior.

Question 11

Which method of treating phobias involves relaxation and exposure to the feared object?

Accepted Answer

Systematic desensitization is a type of therapy that involves relaxation techniques and gradually exposing the patient to the feared object or situation in a controlled manner. This helps the patient learn to manage their anxiety and fear, and eventually overcome their phobia. Aversive conditioning and punishment involve associating an unpleasant stimulus with the feared object or situation, which can be counterproductive and cause further anxiety. Flooding involves immediate and intense exposure to the phobic object or situation, which can be overwhelming and traumatic for the patient.

Question 12

Rhona's therapist is attempting to treat her agoraphobia by riding the subway with her during rush hour on the first day of treatment.The therapist is most likely doing this as part of a treatment known as

Accepted Answer

The answer of Rhona's therapist is attempting to treat her...

Question 13

Systematic desensitization is specifically designed to help a person to deal with his or her

Accepted Answer

Systematic desensitization is a type of therapy used to treat phobias by gradually exposing the person to the feared object or situation in a controlled and safe environment. Therefore, option C is the correct answer. Depression, dissociative identity disorder, and psychopathic personality are not treated with systematic desensitization.

Question 14

Which type of therapy is based on using learning principles,such as classical conditioning?

Accepted Answer

A therapy based on using learning principles, such as classical conditioning, is called behavioural therapy. It aims to change behaviour through conditioning techniques. Insight therapy focuses on gaining self-awareness and understanding, psychoanalysis emphasizes exploring past experiences and their impact on current behaviour, and client-centered therapy focuses on empathy and unconditional positive regard.

Question 15

Who of the following is LEAST likely to benefit from insight therapy?

Accepted Answer

Insight therapy is primarily focused on helping individuals gain self-awareness and understanding of their thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. Children under the age of 12 may not have the cognitive abilities and developmental maturity to fully engage in this type of therapy. Additionally, individuals with intellectual disabilities may have limitations in their cognitive functioning that can impede their ability to benefit from insight therapy. Therefore, a 6-year-old with intellectual disabilities is the least likely to benefit from insight therapy.

Question 16

Juan is so afraid of germs that he wears gloves when opening doors.He is encouraged by his therapist to imitate a person in a video who demonstrates opening a door,step-by-step,without wearing gloves.Which technique is his therapist using?

Accepted Answer

The therapist is using modelling, where Juan is encouraged to imitate the behavior of the person in the video who opens the door without wearing gloves. This technique involves learning through observation and imitation of others' behavior. Flooding involves exposing someone to their fear all at once while systematic desensitization involves gradual exposure to feared stimuli. Aversive conditioning involves associating an undesirable behavior with an unpleasant stimulus to decrease the likelihood of the behavior being repeated.

Question 17

Exposure,cognitive restructuring,and stress inoculation training are techniques associated with

Accepted Answer

Exposure, cognitive restructuring, and stress inoculation training are all techniques associated with cognitive-behavioural therapy, which focuses on changing negative thought patterns and behaviours to improve mental health. These techniques are used to help individuals confront and overcome their fears and anxieties, and to develop coping skills to manage stress.

Question 18

Cognitive-behavioural therapists would argue that anxiety and mood disorders are largely the result of

Accepted Answer

Cognitive-behavioural therapists believe that negative thoughts and beliefs about oneself, the world, and the future (i.e., negative cognitions) are the primary contributor to anxiety and mood disorders. They suggest that changing these negative assumptions and interpretations through cognitive restructuring can lead to symptom relief.

Answer: C 
 Cognitive-behavioural therapists emphasize the role of maladaptive behaviours in the maintenance of anxiety and mood disorders. They believe that avoidance, safety behaviours, and other unhelpful coping strategies can increase anxiety and reinforce negative emotions. Therefore, they work with clients to identify and change these behaviours to promote lasting symptom relief.

Question 19

In behaviour therapy,distressing symptoms are seen as

Accepted Answer

Behaviour therapy is based on the premise that distressing symptoms are learned responses to environmental stimuli and experiences. The goal of therapy is to help individuals unlearn these maladaptive responses and replace them with healthier behaviours. Options B, C, and D are not the focus of behaviour therapy.

Question 20

Psychologists who practice behavioural therapy focus on the client's

Accepted Answer

Behavioural therapy focuses on the client's current behaviour and attitudes. It is concerned with observable behaviours and how they can be changed or modified to achieve desired outcomes. The therapist works with the client to identify specific behaviours that are causing problems and helps them to develop new, more effective behaviours to replace them. The focus is on the present, rather than the past or unconscious, and the therapist works collaboratively with the client to set goals and track progress.

Quiz 16: B: Therapies