Question 1

A child thinks that the day turns to night just so that he can go to sleep at bedtime.Which term best characterizes this behaviour?
A)egocentrism
B)conservation
C)deferred imitation
D)assimilation

Accepted Answer

Egocentrism is the tendency of a child to view the world solely from their own perspective and assume that others see the world in the same way. The child in this scenario believes that the change in the day to night is solely for their benefit, which reflects an egocentric perspective.

Question 2

The period of life when a person is transformed from a child to an adult is __________.
A)puberty
B)menarche
C)maturation
D)adolescence

Accepted Answer

Adolescence is the period of life between childhood and adulthood when a person undergoes significant changes in physical, emotional, and cognitive development. Puberty refers specifically to the physical changes that occur during adolescence, while menarche refers to the onset of menstruation in girls, which is a part of puberty. Maturation is a more generalized term referring to the overall process of development and growth, which can occur throughout a person's lifetime. Therefore, D is the best choice as it encompasses the specific changes that occur during this period of life.

Question 3

Older people who were often labelled as "senile" in the past were most likely suffering from __________.
A)normal aging
B)Parkinson's disease
C)Huntington's disease
D)Alzheimer's disease

Accepted Answer

Senile was a term commonly used in the past to describe older adults who displayed symptoms of cognitive decline, such as forgetfulness, confusion, and disorientation. However, today we know that many of these individuals were most likely suffering from Alzheimer's disease, which is a progressive and degenerative neurological disorder that affects memory and cognitive functioning.

Question 4

Three-year-old Nick agrees to trade his dime for a nickel because the nickel is bigger.Which stage of cognitive development is being characterized?
A)concrete operational
B)formal operational
C)preoperational
D)sensorimotor

Accepted Answer

This is an example of preoperational thinking, which is characterized by a limited understanding of symbolic representation, centration, and egocentrism. In this case, Nick is focused on the physical size of the coins rather than their actual value, which is a common trait of preoperational children.

Question 5

A child learns that his father is called "Daddy." The next day,he calls his uncle "Daddy." Which term best captures this behaviour?
A)assimilation
B)accommodation
C)equilibration
D)egocentrism

Accepted Answer

Assimilation is the process by which a child incorporates new information or experiences into their existing cognitive structures or schema. In this case, the child has learned that a male figure can be referred to as "Daddy," and is now applying that label to his uncle.

Question 6

As children approach their teen years,contact with _______ becomes more important in their development.
A)peers
B)parents
C)teachers
D)adults

Accepted Answer

As children approach their teen years, they start seeking more independence and a sense of belonging, which they often find in their peer groups. They may start to value their friends' opinions more than their parents' and seek their validation and support. Peer relationships also play a significant role in the development of social skills, self-esteem, and identity formation during adolescence. While parents, teachers, and other adults still have important roles to play, peers become increasingly vital to a young person's growth and development.

Question 7

A developmental psychologist is interested in the trait of neuroticism and wants to study how the trait develops over a particular person's lifespan.Which term best characterizes this type of study?
A)longitudinal
B)developmental
C)cross-developmental
D)cross-sectional

Accepted Answer

A longitudinal study involves tracking the same participants over an extended period of time to observe changes in a particular trait or behavior. Therefore, a longitudinal study would be the best choice for studying how the trait of neuroticism develops over a person's lifespan.

Question 8

A child talks to herself as she draws a picture.How would Vygotsky most likely interpret this behaviour?
A)as a sign that she is an auditory learner
B)as an indication that she has an imaginary friend
C)as evidence of egocentrism
D)as a sign of her cognitive developmental process

Accepted Answer

Vygotsky would likely interpret this behavior as a sign of the child's cognitive developmental process, specifically as private speech. Vygotsky proposed that children use private speech to help regulate their actions, thoughts, and emotions. As children's cognitive abilities develop, private speech eventually becomes internalized and serves as a means of self-regulation without the need for verbalization.

Question 9

A child and her mother are walking through an aquarium.The child knows there are such things as fish,but has never seen a starfish before.Upon seeing one,she says "See the fishie."Which term best explains the child's comment?
A)assimilation
B)accommodation
C)egocentrism
D)equilibration

Accepted Answer

The child is using her existing schema (knowledge) of fish to categorize the starfish, which is an example of assimilation.

Question 10

Research indicates that onset of puberty _______________.
A)has remained relatively unchanged for several centuries
B)is occurring at later ages than ever before in developed countries
C)is occurring at earlier ages than ever before in developed countries
D)is less important to teenagers today than it has been historically

Accepted Answer

The answer of Research indicates that onset of puberty _______________.
A)has...

Question 11

A developmental psychologist presents the conservation-of-liquid task to groups of three-,five-,and seven-year-olds to measure the children's grasp of the concept of conservation.Which type of study is being described?
A)cross-sectional
B)longitudinal
C)case
D)naturalistic

Accepted Answer

A cross-sectional study involves comparing different groups of participants at one point in time. In this case, the developmental psychologist is comparing the conservation-of-liquid task performance of three-, five-, and seven-year-olds.

Question 12

Generativity or stagnation are two feelings that may dominate a person's life during
A)middle adulthood.
B)young adulthood.
C)late adulthood.
D)the period after he is told that he has a terminal illness.

Accepted Answer

Generativity versus stagnation is a stage of psychosocial development proposed by Erik Erikson that occurs during middle adulthood. During this stage, individuals strive to create and nurture things that will outlast them, such as the next generation or their work, in order to feel a sense of purpose and fulfillment. Stagnation, on the other hand, is characterized by feelings of boredom, emptiness, and lack of productivity or creativity. Therefore, the dominant feelings of generativity or stagnation occur during middle adulthood.

Question 13

A gradual and inevitable decline in the life processes begins in __________.
A)adolescence
B)young adulthood
C)middle age
D)old age

Accepted Answer

The answer of A gradual and inevitable decline in the...

Question 14

Linda adopted a 1-week-old baby named Ben.Over the course of a few years,Linda observed the following symptoms in Ben despite her attempts to provide him with a healthy environment: His physical growth was stunted,his eyes and mouth looked abnormal,and he had trouble keeping up intellectually with the other children in his kindergarten class.What substance was Ben likely exposed to in utero?
A)nicotine
B)cocaine
C)alcohol
D)tetracycline

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described are consistent with fetal alcohol syndrome, which occurs when a fetus is exposed to high amounts of alcohol during pregnancy. The other options listed (nicotine, cocaine, and tetracycline) can also have negative effects on a developing fetus, but they do not typically result in the specific symptoms mentioned in the scenario.

Question 15

The cessation of menstruation is called __________.
A)menopause
B)endometriosis
C)menarche
D)the climacteric

Accepted Answer

Menopause is the correct term for the cessation of menstruation, typically occurring in women between the ages of 45 and 55. Endometriosis is a condition in which tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside of the uterus and causes pain and infertility. Menarche refers to a girl's first menstrual period. The climacteric is a term used to describe the period of hormonal change that occurs during menopause.

Question 16

According to Erikson,a sense of producing and contributing to the world is called _______.
A)generativity
B)self-actualization
C)maturation
D)worthiness

Accepted Answer

Erikson believed that in middle adulthood, individuals strive to make meaningful contributions to society and the next generation. This sense of productivity and creativity is what he called generativity. Options B, C, and D are not directly related to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development in middle adulthood.

Question 17

Which of the following reflexes are related to feeding?
A)rooting only
B)sucking and swallowing only
C)sucking and rooting only
D)sucking,rooting,and swallowing

Accepted Answer

Sucking, rooting, and swallowing are all reflexes related to feeding. Rooting helps the baby locate the nipple or bottle, sucking helps the baby extract milk or formula, and swallowing helps the baby move food from the mouth to the stomach.

Question 18

Before puberty,males do not produce sperm,even though their genitals are physically equivalent to a man's.This illustrates which of the following?
A)empiricism
B)behaviourism
C)humanism
D)maturation

Accepted Answer

Maturation refers to the biological development of an organism that occurs in a fixed sequence and is largely independent of the environment or experience. The fact that males do not produce sperm before puberty is an example of maturation, as it is a natural biological process that unfolds according to a predetermined timeline. Empiricism, behaviourism, and humanism are psychological theories that do not directly apply to this example.

Question 19

Lawrence Kohlberg is noted for his theories of __________ development.
A)cognitive
B)social
C)moral
D)emotional

Accepted Answer

Lawrence Kohlberg is best known for his theory of moral development, which explains how individuals develop their moral reasoning through different stages throughout their lives.

Question 20

When Angela plays the game "peekaboo!" with her infant,Michael,he cries every time,thinking his mom has disappeared.Which concept has Michael yet to develop?
A)conservation
B)object permanence
C)symbolic thought
D)assimilation

Accepted Answer

Michael has not yet developed the concept of object permanence, which is the understanding that objects still exist even when they are out of sight. In this case, he thinks that his mother has disappeared when she hides during the game of peekaboo.

Quiz 10: D: Lifespan Development

A child thinks that the day turns to night just so that he can go to sleep at bedtime.Which term best characterizes this behaviour?

The period of life when a person is transformed from a child to an adult is __________.

Older people who were often labelled as "senile" in the past were most likely suffering from __________.

Three-year-old Nick agrees to trade his dime for a nickel because the nickel is bigger.Which stage of cognitive development is being characterized?

A child learns that his father is called "Daddy." The next day,he calls his uncle "Daddy." Which term best captures this behaviour?

As children approach their teen years,contact with _______ becomes more important in their development.

A developmental psychologist is interested in the trait of neuroticism and wants to study how the trait develops over a particular person's lifespan.Which term best characterizes this type of study?

A child talks to herself as she draws a picture.How would Vygotsky most likely interpret this behaviour?

A child and her mother are walking through an aquarium.The child knows there are such things as fish,but has never seen a starfish before.Upon seeing one,she says "See the fishie."Which term best explains the child's comment?

Research indicates that onset of puberty _______________.

A developmental psychologist presents the conservation-of-liquid task to groups of three-,five-,and seven-year-olds to measure the children's grasp of the concept of conservation.Which type of study is being described?

Generativity or stagnation are two feelings that may dominate a person's life during

A gradual and inevitable decline in the life processes begins in __________.

The cessation of menstruation is called __________.

According to Erikson,a sense of producing and contributing to the world is called _______.

Which of the following reflexes are related to feeding?

Before puberty,males do not produce sperm,even though their genitals are physically equivalent to a man's.This illustrates which of the following?

Lawrence Kohlberg is noted for his theories of __________ development.

When Angela plays the game "peekaboo!" with her infant,Michael,he cries every time,thinking his mom has disappeared.Which concept has Michael yet to develop?