Question 1

Which theory of emotion emphasizes the role of the thalamus?

Accepted Answer

The Cannon-Bard theory of emotion emphasizes the role of the thalamus in processing emotions, suggesting that emotional and physiological responses occur simultaneously.

Question 2

Seeing a snake,and then simultaneously running away from it and becoming frightened,is the sequence of events postulated by ______ theory.

Accepted Answer

Cannon-Bard's theory proposes that an emotional stimulus leads to simultaneous and independent physiological and emotional responses. In the case of encountering a snake, the person would experience both the physical response of running away and the emotional response of fear at the same time.

Question 3

___________ proposed that two things have to happen before emotion occurs: physical arousal and labelling.

Accepted Answer

Schachter and Singer proposed the two-factor theory of emotion, stating that both physical arousal (such as increased heart rate or sweating) and cognitive appraisal or labelling of the situation are necessary for an emotional experience to occur.

Question 4

You are walking in the forest and see a bear.According to the Cannon-Bard theory,what happens next?

Accepted Answer

According to the Cannon-Bard theory, an emotional stimulus (seeing a bear) activates the thalamus, which sends signals simultaneously to both the cortex (for context appraisal) and the sympathetic nervous system (for physiological changes like increased heart rate). Therefore, you would experience physiological changes and the feeling of fear at the same time.

Question 5

Which two different terms best describe Schachter and Singer's theory of emotion?

Accepted Answer

Schachter and Singer's theory of emotion emphasizes the role of arousal and context in influencing emotional experience. It argues that emotions are the result of physiological arousal and the interpretation of that arousal in a particular context. Therefore, the best terms to describe this theory are "arousal" and "context."

Question 6

The frequent finding that asthmatics often experience shortness of breath concurrently with tremendous anxiety is an example of how emotions and physiological symptoms often occur simultaneously.As such,it supports which of the following theories of emotion?

Accepted Answer

The Cannon-Bard theory of emotion proposes that emotional experiences and physiological reactions occur simultaneously and independently of each other. In the given scenario, the occurrence of shortness of breath and anxiety simultaneously in asthmatics supports this theory, as the physiological symptoms and emotional experience are not necessarily reliant on each other.

Question 7

The two-factor theory of emotion suggests that

Accepted Answer

The two-factor theory of emotion suggests that emotions are produced by both autonomic arousal (bodily reactions) and cognition (interpretation of those bodily reactions in the context of the situation). This theory states that emotions are not solely based on gut feelings or bodily reactions, but are also influenced by cognitive processes. Therefore, option A is the correct answer.

Question 8

What is the correct sequence of events in emotional response according to the Cannon-Bard theory?

Accepted Answer

According to the Cannon-Bard theory, emotion and physiological changes occur simultaneously in response to a stimulus, so the correct sequence of events is that the stimulus triggers both the emotional response and the physiological changes at the same time. This is represented in choice A.

Question 9

Rose is hiking in the mountains,is consuming an energy drink,and experiencing an undifferentiated state of arousal.She sees a cougar off in the distance and interprets her arousal as fear because she must be reacting to being afraid of a cougar attack.Which of the following theories best explains Rose's experience?

Accepted Answer

The Two-factor theory, also known as Schachter-Singer theory, suggests that emotion is based on two factors: physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation. Rose's experience of arousal and her interpretation of it as fear due to the presence of a cougar aligns with this theory.

Question 10

Physical arousal has to be interpreted cognitively before it is experienced as a specific emotion,according to

Accepted Answer

According to Schachter and Singer's two-factor theory of emotion, physical arousal must be interpreted cognitively and labeled as a specific emotion based on the context and available cues. This means that an individual's interpretation of the situation will determine the emotion they experience.

Question 11

The study on the Capilano Suspension Bridge in Vancouver was conducted to examine which theory of emotion?

Accepted Answer

The Two-factor theory of emotion proposes that physiological arousal and the cognitive interpretation of that arousal together create emotions. The study on the Capilano Suspension Bridge in Vancouver manipulated the participants' physiological arousal by making them walk across the bridge and then asked them to rate their level of attraction to an experimenter. The results supported the Two-factor theory as the participants who walked across the bridge (creating higher physiological arousal) reported greater physical attraction to the experimenter compared to those who walked on a low bridge.

Question 12

Rose is hiking in the mountains and suddenly comes across the path of a cougar.She feels that her heart is pounding,her palms are sweating,and she begins to run.It is only after she senses the physiological reaction of her body that she realizes she has never been so scared in her life.Which of the following theories best explains Rose's experience?

Accepted Answer

According to the James-Lange theory, physiological responses happen before emotions. In this case, Rose first experienced the physical reactions of her body (heart pounding, palms sweating) and later identified the emotion of fear.

Question 13

Lashley (1938)stated that the thalamus would have to be pretty sophisticated to make sense of all the possible emotions and relay them to the proper areas of the cortex and body.Which theory of emotion was Lashley criticizing?

Accepted Answer

Lashley was criticizing the Cannon-Bard theory, which posits that the thalamus plays a central role in processing emotions and simultaneously relays signals to the cortex and the body.

Question 14

Zoe was at the border of passing the statistics course this semester.Her palms started sweating and her heart started pounding while she was waiting to enter the instructor's office to check her final grade.Zoe might change her mind and run away because her heart was pounding too fast.This explanation is most likely based upon the

Accepted Answer

The answer of Zoe was at the border of passing...

Question 15

One of the problems associated with asthma is that once patients experience difficulty breathing,they often make their symptoms worse by concentrating on them and/or worrying about them.Consequently,many doctors include relaxation exercises as part of a treatment program to prevent patients from making their asthmatic reactions worse.This example of how our awareness of physiological changes can influence or even cause subsequent emotions is most supportive of which of the following theories of emotion?

Accepted Answer

The James-Lange theory of emotion suggests that physiological changes precede and cause emotions. In this example, the physiological changes associated with asthma symptoms influence the patient's emotions, causing them to worry and concentrate on their symptoms, which makes them worse. The use of relaxation exercises is aimed to prevent this cycle from happening, and therefore, supports the James-Lange theory.

Question 16

According to the ________,seeing a crocodile in the swamp would lead simultaneously to both the emotion fear and running away at the same time.However,the ________ would suggest that people are afraid because they run away.

Accepted Answer

The Cannon-Bard theory of emotion proposes that emotions and physiological responses occur simultaneously and independently. For example, if a person sees a crocodile in a swamp, they will feel fear and run away at the same time. On the other hand, the James-Lange theory of emotion suggests that physiological responses come first, followed by the subjective experience of emotion. In the same example, a person would first start running away due to their physiological response (like an increased heart rate), and then feel fear as a result of their physical actions.

Question 17

Schachter and Singer proposed that two things have to happen before emotion occurs: _____ and _____.

Accepted Answer

Schachter and Singer's two-factor theory of emotion proposes that before emotion occurs, there must be both physiological arousal and a cognitive interpretation or labeling of that arousal. The correct choice is C, which includes both factors. A is incorrect because "fight or flight" is not a necessary component of the theory. B is incorrect because "behavior" is not one of the factors proposed by the theory. D is incorrect because it has the order of the factors reversed.

Question 18

Rose is hiking in the mountains and suddenly comes across the path of a cougar.She notices that she is running away and her heart is pounding at the same time that she realizes that she is terrified.Which of the following theories best explains Rose's experience?

Accepted Answer

The Cannon-Bard theory suggests that emotions and physiological responses occur simultaneously and independently. In Rose's case, her heart pounding and the realization of fear happen at the same time, which aligns with this theory.

Question 19

Both Hans and Gretchen have a job interview next week.Hans is looking forward to the opportunity the job could provide and finds he is not stressed out about the interview,whereas Gretchen is extremely stressed and panicking about her interview because she desperately needs the job.What theory of emotion best explains the differences in feelings that Hans and Gretchen are experiencing?

Accepted Answer

The Two-factor theory, proposed by Schachter and Singer, suggests that emotions are the result of a cognitive interpretation of physiological arousal and environmental cues. In this case, Hans may be interpreting his physiological arousal as excitement and opportunity, while Gretchen may be interpreting the same physiological arousal as stress and panic due to the importance of the job for her. This theory can explain the different emotional experiences of Hans and Gretchen based on their cognitive interpretations of their physiological responses to the upcoming interview.

Question 20

The ______ theory of emotion states that the experience of emotion occurs simultaneously with biological changes.

Accepted Answer

The Cannon-Bard theory of emotion proposes that emotional experience and the physiological reactions to stimuli occur simultaneously and independently, rather than one causing the other.

Quiz 11: D: Emotion and Motivation