Question 1

The major mechanism of action of anandamide appears to be:

Accepted Answer

Anandamide is an endocannabinoid that inhibits the release of neurotransmitters through presynaptic inhibition, by binding to cannabinoid receptors on presynaptic neurons. This reduces the excitatory signals received by the postsynaptic neuron, leading to an overall decrease in neuronal activity. Therefore, the correct mechanism of action for anandamide is presynaptic inhibition (choice C).

Question 2

The compound believed to be the endogenous marijuana ligand is:

Accepted Answer

The endogenous marijuana ligand is believed to be anandamide, a cannabinoid neurotransmitter that is naturally produced in the human body. Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol is the active ingredient in marijuana that produces its psychoactive effects, but it is not an endogenous ligand. Cannaninol and cannabidiol are other cannabinoids found in marijuana, but neither has been identified as the endogenous ligand.

Question 3

At the transmitter level,marijuana ultimately:

Accepted Answer

D

Question 4

Anatomically,cannabinoid receptors are found:

Accepted Answer

Cannabinoid receptors are found in the brain, spinal cord, and lymphatic system. Therefore, choice D is the correct answer.

Question 5

High doses of THC:

Accepted Answer

High doses of THC are rarely lethal. Although they can cause adverse effects such as panic attacks, paranoia, and impaired coordination, there have been no documented cases of fatal overdose on THC alone.

Question 6

The effect of binding of THC to its receptor is:

Accepted Answer

THC binds to the CB1 receptor, which is a G protein-coupled receptor. Upon binding of THC, the G protein is activated, leading to inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity and a decrease in intracellular levels of cyclic AMP. Therefore, the correct option is D - inhibition of adenylate cyclase via activation of a G protein.

Question 7

Ion channels affected by THC are:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Ion channels affected by THC are:
...

Question 8

THC _______ adenylate cyclase and ________ neurotransmitter release on presynaptic terminals.

Accepted Answer

THC inhibits adenylate cyclase, which leads to a decrease in neurotransmitter release on presynaptic terminals.

Question 9

The regional distribution of cannabinoid receptors may explain:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The regional distribution of cannabinoid receptors may...

Question 10

Which of the following statement is TRUE?:

Accepted Answer

THC is metabolized to both active and inactive metabolites during first-pass metabolism. The active metabolite is 11-hydroxy-THC, which is produced in the liver, while the inactive metabolites are formed by oxidation and glucuronidation in the liver and excreted in urine and feces. Therefore, both active and inactive metabolites of THC are present in the body after ingestion.

Question 11

Anatomically,cannabinoid receptors are found:

Accepted Answer

Cannabinoid receptors are found in the spinal cord but are notably sparse in the brain stem, which is why cannabis has a low risk of affecting vital functions controlled by the brain stem.

Question 12

The most ubiquitous receptors in the brain now appear to be those responsive to:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The most ubiquitous receptors in the brain...

Question 13

At the cellular level,the major active ingredient in marijuana binds to:

Accepted Answer

The major active ingredient in marijuana, THC, binds to cannabinoid receptors which are found on the surface of cells in various parts of the brain and body. These receptors modulate various physiological and behavioral processes.

Question 14

THC and anandamide are best described as:

Accepted Answer

THC and anandamide are partial agonists at the cannabinoid receptors, meaning they activate the receptors but not to the full extent as a full agonist would.

Question 15

THC produces analgesia at the following site(s):

Accepted Answer

THC produces analgesia at all three sites: brain, spinal cord, and site of injury. It works by activating cannabinoid receptors in the nervous system, which reduces pain perception and inflammation.

Question 16

Following inhalation,peak blood levels of THC occur in approximately ________.In contrast,the half-life of THC's metabolite,carboxy-THC,is approximately ________.

Accepted Answer

THC reaches peak blood levels approximately 10 minutes after inhalation, and the half-life of its metabolite, carboxy-THC, is approximately 30-60 hours.

Question 17

The amount of THC absorbed into the bloodstream after social smoking of one marijuana cigarette is approximately:

Accepted Answer

The amount of THC absorbed into the bloodstream from smoking one marijuana cigarette is typically less than 10 mg, as only a fraction of the THC content is absorbed.

Question 18

THC ________ calcium ion flux and ???_________ neurotransmitter release on presynaptic terminals.

Accepted Answer

THC inhibits calcium ion flux and decreases neurotransmitter release on presynaptic terminals.

Question 19

Hashish and marijuana differ mainly in their:

Accepted Answer

Hashish is typically more potent than marijuana due to its higher concentration of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the main psychoactive component in cannabis. While both hashish and marijuana can have similar effects on respiration, solubility in water and efficacy can vary based on the specific product and individual use.

Question 20

Large numbers of cannabinoid receptors in the basal ganglia and hippocampus,respectively,may explain effects of THC on:

Accepted Answer

The basal ganglia are involved in motor function, and the hippocampus is involved in memory. Therefore, THC's effects on these areas would impact motor function and memory, respectively.

Quiz 14: Cannabinoid Agonists and Antagonists

The major mechanism of action of anandamide appears to be:

The compound believed to be the endogenous marijuana ligand is:

At the transmitter level,marijuana ultimately:

Anatomically,cannabinoid receptors are found:

High doses of THC:

The effect of binding of THC to its receptor is:

Ion channels affected by THC are:

THC _ adenylate cyclase and __ neurotransmitter release on presynaptic terminals.

The regional distribution of cannabinoid receptors may explain:

Which of the following statement is TRUE?:

Anatomically,cannabinoid receptors are found:

The most ubiquitous receptors in the brain now appear to be those responsive to:

At the cellular level,the major active ingredient in marijuana binds to:

THC and anandamide are best described as:

THC produces analgesia at the following site(s) :

Following inhalation,peak blood levels of THC occur in approximately .In contrast,the half-life of THC's metabolite,carboxy-THC,is approximately .

The amount of THC absorbed into the bloodstream after social smoking of one marijuana cigarette is approximately:

THC calcium ion flux and ???_ neurotransmitter release on presynaptic terminals.

Hashish and marijuana differ mainly in their:

Large numbers of cannabinoid receptors in the basal ganglia and hippocampus,respectively,may explain effects of THC on: