Question 1

The symptoms of schizophrenia have been classified as:

Accepted Answer

The symptoms of schizophrenia have been classified as positive symptoms and negative symptoms. Positive symptoms are characterized by the presence of a behavior or experience that is not normally present, such as delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized speech. Negative symptoms are characterized by the absence of a behavior or experience that is normally present, such as lack of emotion, motivation, and speech. This classification helps in the diagnosis and treatment of schizophrenia.

Question 2

The single best predictor of antipsychotic efficacy in a drug is an affinity for ________ receptors.

Accepted Answer

The dopamine-2 receptor is the primary target of antipsychotic medications. Therefore, drugs with high affinity for dopamine-2 receptors are more effective in treating psychotic symptoms.

Question 3

Phenothiazines are in the class of antipsychotics known as:

Accepted Answer

Phenothiazines are first-generation antipsychotics, also known as neuroleptics. Second-generation antipsychotics are also referred to as atypical antipsychotics. Therefore, options B, C, and D are incorrect.

Question 4

Haloperidol (Haldol)is an example of a(n)________ drug.

Accepted Answer

Haloperidol is a first-generation neuroleptic, also known as a typical antipsychotic. These drugs work primarily by blocking dopamine receptors in the brain, which can help reduce symptoms of psychosis such as hallucinations and delusions. However, they can also cause significant side effects such as movement disorders, sedation, and cognitive impairment. Second-generation (atypical) antipsychotics were developed in part to address some of these side effects, but haloperidol remains an important medication in the treatment of certain psychiatric conditions.

Question 5

The results of the CATIE and CUtLASS studies suggest that,compared to FGAs:

Accepted Answer

The results of both the CATIE and CUtLASS studies suggest that SGAs are equally effective as FGAs but are more expensive. Therefore, the best choice is D, which states that SGAs are equally effective but more expensive than FGAs.

Question 6

The traditional view of antipsychotic drug activity involves:

Accepted Answer

The traditional view of antipsychotic drug activity involves the blockade of dopamine-2 receptors. This helps to reduce the hyperactivity of dopamine in the mesolimbic pathway, which is often associated with psychotic symptoms. Activation of dopamine-1 receptors is not typically involved in antipsychotic drug activity.

Question 7

Clozapine and other atypical antipsychotics affect both _________ and ________ receptors.

Accepted Answer

Clozapine and other atypical antipsychotics affect both dopamine and serotonin receptors.

Question 8

The remarkable decline in the number of schizophrenic patients forced to reside in mental hospitals began during the:

Accepted Answer

The remarkable decline in the number of schizophrenic patients forced to reside in mental hospitals began during the 1950s with the widespread availability of antipsychotic medications, which allowed many patients to live in the community and receive treatment through outpatient programs.

Question 9

Blockade of ________ receptors is associated with extrapyramidal side effects of classical antipsychotic drugs; blockade of ________ receptors is associated with the efficacy of classical antipsychotic drugs.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Blockade of ________ receptors is associated with...

Question 10

The distinguishing characteristic between "neuroleptic" antipsychotics and "atypical" antipsychotics is:

Accepted Answer

Neuroleptic antipsychotics have a high affinity for dopamine D2 receptors in the brain's basal ganglia, leading to extrapyramidal side effects such as tremors, stiffness, and restlessness. Atypical antipsychotics are called so because they have a lower affinity for D2 receptors and don't produce extrapyramidal side effects as a result. Additionally, atypical antipsychotics are effective in treating both positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia while neuroleptics are mostly effective against positive symptoms.

Question 11

Compared to the FGAs,the atypical antipsychotics have:

Accepted Answer

Atypical antipsychotics have less affinity for D2 receptors than FGAs. Instead, they have affinity for serotonin receptors, particularly 5-HT2A receptors, which might explain their reduced tendency to cause extrapyramidal side effects.

Question 12

The major side effect of the classic antipsychotics suggest that schizophrenia results from:

Accepted Answer

The major side effect of classic antipsychotics is extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS), which are caused by blocking dopamine receptors in the brain. This suggests that schizophrenia is related to over-activity of the dopaminergic system.

Question 13

The classical antipsychotic drugs produce side effects resembling:

Accepted Answer

Classical antipsychotic drugs block dopamine receptors in the brain, leading to a decrease in dopamine activity. This can produce side effects resembling Parkinson's disease, which is also characterized by a decrease in dopamine activity in certain parts of the brain. Symptoms include tremors, rigidity, and slow movements.

Question 14

Schizophrenia is best described as:

Accepted Answer

Schizophrenia is a psychiatric disorder that is primarily caused by abnormalities in brain structure and circuitry, indicating that it is a disease of neural connectivity.

Question 15

Clozapine is an example of a(n)________; compared to FGAs,it has greater effect at the ________ receptor.

Accepted Answer

Clozapine is an example of an atypical antipsychotic, which is known for its greater effect at the serotonin (5-HT) receptors compared to first-generation antipsychotics (FGAs), which primarily target dopamine receptors.

Question 16

The signs and symptoms of schizophrenia:

Accepted Answer

The signs and symptoms of schizophrenia encompass the entire range of human mental activity, including disordered thought, altered emotion, and selected cognitive systems such as perception and memory.

Question 17

In addition to dopamine receptors,the atypical antipsychotics also affect the following receptor(s):

Accepted Answer

Atypical antipsychotics affect multiple neurotransmitter systems including dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin, and histamine. Therefore, all answer choices are correct.

Question 18

In addition to its use in treating schizophrenia,the phenothiazines were useful in the past in treating:

Accepted Answer

Phenothiazines were originally developed as antihistamines, meaning that they have a sedative effect and can be useful in alleviating symptoms such as nausea and severe itching. In addition to their antipsychotic effects, they have also been used in the past to treat a variety of disorders such as anxiety, depression, and even as an adjunct treatment for premature ejaculation. Therefore, all of the answer choices are correct.

Question 19

Haldol and Clozaril are examples of a ________ and ________,respectively.

Accepted Answer

Haldol is a first-generation antipsychotic (FGA), while Clozaril is a second-generation antipsychotic (SGA).

Question 20

Blockade of the following receptor type produces schizophrenia-like behaviors:

Accepted Answer

Blocking NMDA receptors, which are a type of glutamate receptor, can produce symptoms similar to those seen in schizophrenia, as NMDA receptor hypofunction is implicated in the pathophysiology of the disorder.

Quiz 4: Antipsychotic Drugs: Major Tranquilizers and Thymic Stabilizers

The symptoms of schizophrenia have been classified as:

The single best predictor of antipsychotic efficacy in a drug is an affinity for ________ receptors.

Phenothiazines are in the class of antipsychotics known as:

Haloperidol (Haldol) is an example of a(n) ________ drug.

The results of the CATIE and CUtLASS studies suggest that,compared to FGAs:

The traditional view of antipsychotic drug activity involves:

Clozapine and other atypical antipsychotics affect both _ and receptors.

The remarkable decline in the number of schizophrenic patients forced to reside in mental hospitals began during the:

Blockade of receptors is associated with extrapyramidal side effects of classical antipsychotic drugs; blockade of receptors is associated with the efficacy of classical antipsychotic drugs.

The distinguishing characteristic between "neuroleptic" antipsychotics and "atypical" antipsychotics is:

Compared to the FGAs,the atypical antipsychotics have:

The major side effect of the classic antipsychotics suggest that schizophrenia results from:

The classical antipsychotic drugs produce side effects resembling:

Schizophrenia is best described as:

Clozapine is an example of a(n) ; compared to FGAs,it has greater effect at the receptor.

The signs and symptoms of schizophrenia:

In addition to dopamine receptors,the atypical antipsychotics also affect the following receptor(s) :

In addition to its use in treating schizophrenia,the phenothiazines were useful in the past in treating:

Haldol and Clozaril are examples of a and ,respectively.

Blockade of the following receptor type produces schizophrenia-like behaviors:

Quiz 4: Antipsychotic Drugs: Major Tranquilizers and Thymic Stabilizers

The symptoms of schizophrenia have been classified as:

The single best predictor of antipsychotic efficacy in a drug is an affinity for ________ receptors.

Phenothiazines are in the class of antipsychotics known as:

Haloperidol (Haldol) is an example of a(n) ________ drug.

The results of the CATIE and CUtLASS studies suggest that,compared to FGAs:

The traditional view of antipsychotic drug activity involves:

Clozapine and other atypical antipsychotics affect both _________ and ________ receptors.

The remarkable decline in the number of schizophrenic patients forced to reside in mental hospitals began during the:

Blockade of ________ receptors is associated with extrapyramidal side effects of classical antipsychotic drugs; blockade of ________ receptors is associated with the efficacy of classical antipsychotic drugs.

The distinguishing characteristic between "neuroleptic" antipsychotics and "atypical" antipsychotics is:

Compared to the FGAs,the atypical antipsychotics have:

The major side effect of the classic antipsychotics suggest that schizophrenia results from:

The classical antipsychotic drugs produce side effects resembling:

Schizophrenia is best described as:

Clozapine is an example of a(n) ________; compared to FGAs,it has greater effect at the ________ receptor.

The signs and symptoms of schizophrenia:

In addition to dopamine receptors,the atypical antipsychotics also affect the following receptor(s) :

In addition to its use in treating schizophrenia,the phenothiazines were useful in the past in treating:

Haldol and Clozaril are examples of a ________ and ________,respectively.

Blockade of the following receptor type produces schizophrenia-like behaviors:

Clozapine and other atypical antipsychotics affect both _ and receptors.

Blockade of receptors is associated with extrapyramidal side effects of classical antipsychotic drugs; blockade of receptors is associated with the efficacy of classical antipsychotic drugs.

Clozapine is an example of a(n) ; compared to FGAs,it has greater effect at the receptor.

Haldol and Clozaril are examples of a and ,respectively.