Question 1

Initiation, elongation, and termination all require factors that are members of the __________________ family.

Accepted Answer

G-protein

Question 2

Proteins are synthesized in the __________________ direction.

Accepted Answer

N → C, or amino to carboxyl

Question 3

Use the following to answer questions 
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-The _______________ proteins recognize UAA, UAG, and UGA codons.
A)initiation factors
B)ATP
C)ricin
D)one
E)Shine-Dalgarno
F)elongation factor Tu
G)polysome
H)two
I)kanamycin
J)release factor
K)N-formylmethionine
L)signal sequence
M)GTP

Accepted Answer

The release factor proteins recognize UAA, UAG, and UGA codons and terminate translation.

Question 4

Use the following to answer questions 
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-_______________ include(s) IF1, IF2, and IF3 in prokaryotes.
A)initiation factors
B)ATP
C)ricin
D)one
E)Shine-Dalgarno
F)elongation factor Tu
G)polysome
H)two
I)kanamycin
J)release factor
K)N-formylmethionine
L)signal sequence
M)GTP

Accepted Answer

The question is asking for a term that includes IF1, IF2, and IF3 in prokaryotes. The correct term is "initiation factors."

Question 5

The signal sequence that marks a protein for translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum membrane is located near the __________________ end of the protein.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The signal sequence that marks a protein...

Question 6

Use the following to answer questions 
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-The biomolecule _______________ delivers the aminoacyl-tRNA to the "A site" in E. coli.
A)initiation factors
B)ATP
C)ricin
D)one
E)Shine-Dalgarno
F)elongation factor Tu
G)polysome
H)two
I)kanamycin
J)release factor
K)N-formylmethionine
L)signal sequence
M)GTP

Accepted Answer

Elongation factor Tu delivers the aminoacyl-tRNA to the "A site" during protein synthesis in E. coli.

Question 7

Release factors function by allowing __________________ to attack the ester linkage between tRNA and amino acid.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Release factors function by allowing __________________ to...

Question 8

In a ribosome, A stands for __________________ and P stands for __________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a ribosome, A stands for __________________...

Question 9

Use the following to answer questions 
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-The protein _______________ is toxic because it hydrolyzes a critical adenine base from the 28S RNA molecule of eukaryotes.
A)initiation factors
B)ATP
C)ricin
D)one
E)Shine-Dalgarno
F)elongation factor Tu
G)polysome
H)two
I)kanamycin
J)release factor
K)N-formylmethionine
L)signal sequence
M)GTP

Accepted Answer

The protein ricin is known to be toxic because it removes a critical adenine base from the 28S RNA molecule of eukaryotes. None of the other choices listed have this same activity.

Question 10

Use the following to answer questions 
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-_______________ inhibits the interaction between tRNA and 16S rRNA
A)initiation factors
B)ATP
C)ricin
D)one
E)Shine-Dalgarno
F)elongation factor Tu
G)polysome
H)two
I)kanamycin
J)release factor
K)N-formylmethionine
L)signal sequence
M)GTP

Accepted Answer

The answer of Use the following to answer questions 
Choose...

Question 11

Use the following to answer questions 
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-_______________ is the first amino acid in bacteria and typically is chemically modified.
A)initiation factors
B)ATP
C)ricin
D)one
E)Shine-Dalgarno
F)elongation factor Tu
G)polysome
H)two
I)kanamycin
J)release factor
K)N-formylmethionine
L)signal sequence
M)GTP

Accepted Answer

N-formylmethionine is the first amino acid in bacteria and is typically chemically modified with a formyl group before being incorporated into a protein.

Question 12

GTP binds to the __________________ protein in the translocation mechanism.

Accepted Answer

The answer of GTP binds to the __________________ protein in...

Question 13

Use the following to answer questions 
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-EF-G translocase proteins use the energy of _______________ hydrolysis.
A)initiation factors
B)ATP
C)ricin
D)one
E)Shine-Dalgarno
F)elongation factor Tu
G)polysome
H)two
I)kanamycin
J)release factor
K)N-formylmethionine
L)signal sequence
M)GTP

Accepted Answer

The question is asking what energy source EF-G translocase proteins use, and the answer is M (GTP) as stated in the options provided.

Question 14

The first amino acid in bacterial proteins is __________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The first amino acid in bacterial proteins...

Question 15

Use the following to answer questions 
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-_______________ is a sequence of 9-12 hydrophobic amino acid residues, sometimes containing positively charged amino acids.
A)initiation factors
B)ATP
C)ricin
D)one
E)Shine-Dalgarno
F)elongation factor Tu
G)polysome
H)two
I)kanamycin
J)release factor
K)N-formylmethionine
L)signal sequence
M)GTP

Accepted Answer

The description matches a signal sequence, which is a hydrophobic sequence of amino acids that helps direct proteins to the appropriate cellular compartment.

Question 16

Use the following to answer questions 
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-The sequence that interacts with a complementary sequence on the 3` end of the 16S rRNA is _______________.
A)initiation factors
B)ATP
C)ricin
D)one
E)Shine-Dalgarno
F)elongation factor Tu
G)polysome
H)two
I)kanamycin
J)release factor
K)N-formylmethionine
L)signal sequence
M)GTP

Accepted Answer

The Shine-Dalgarno sequence interacts with a complementary sequence on  the 3` end of the 16S rRNA to initiate translation in bacteria. None of the other choices interact specifically with this sequence.

Question 17

Use the following to answer questions 
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-How many release factors do eukaryotes have?
A)initiation factors
B)ATP
C)ricin
D)one
E)Shine-Dalgarno
F)elongation factor Tu
G)polysome
H)two
I)kanamycin
J)release factor
K)N-formylmethionine
L)signal sequence
M)GTP

Accepted Answer

The answer of Use the following to answer questions 
Choose...

Question 18

mRNA that codes for more than one protein is considered __________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of mRNA that codes for more than one...

Question 19

In E. coli, the signal sequence that properly aligns the initiation codon in the P site is called the __________________ sequence.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In E. coli, the signal sequence that...

Question 20

After the peptide bond forms, the mRNA and tRNA are __________________, or moved, a distance of one codon.

Accepted Answer

The answer of After the peptide bond forms, the mRNA...

Quiz 40: The Mechanism of Protein Synthesis

Initiation, elongation, and termination all require factors that are members of the __________________ family.

Proteins are synthesized in the __________________ direction.

Use the following to answer questions Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -The _______________ proteins recognize UAA, UAG, and UGA codons.

Use the following to answer questions Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -_______________ include(s) IF1, IF2, and IF3 in prokaryotes.

The signal sequence that marks a protein for translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum membrane is located near the __________________ end of the protein.

Use the following to answer questions Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -The biomolecule _______________ delivers the aminoacyl-tRNA to the "A site" in E. coli.

Release factors function by allowing __________________ to attack the ester linkage between tRNA and amino acid.

In a ribosome, A stands for and P stands for .

Use the following to answer questions Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -The protein _______________ is toxic because it hydrolyzes a critical adenine base from the 28S RNA molecule of eukaryotes.

Use the following to answer questions Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -_______________ inhibits the interaction between tRNA and 16S rRNA

Use the following to answer questions Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -_______________ is the first amino acid in bacteria and typically is chemically modified.

GTP binds to the __________________ protein in the translocation mechanism.

Use the following to answer questions Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -EF-G translocase proteins use the energy of _______________ hydrolysis.

The first amino acid in bacterial proteins is __________________.

Use the following to answer questions Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -_______________ is a sequence of 9-12 hydrophobic amino acid residues, sometimes containing positively charged amino acids.

Use the following to answer questions Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -The sequence that interacts with a complementary sequence on the 3` end of the 16S rRNA is _______________.

Use the following to answer questions Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -How many release factors do eukaryotes have?

mRNA that codes for more than one protein is considered __________________.

In E. coli, the signal sequence that properly aligns the initiation codon in the P site is called the __________________ sequence.

After the peptide bond forms, the mRNA and tRNA are __________________, or moved, a distance of one codon.