Question 1

In what sense are implicit personality theories a special kind of schema?

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Question 2

Are implicit personality theories universal (common across cultures)or are they culture-specific? Describe a study that provides evidence for your position.

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Question 3

Making attributions about others' behaviors is a multi-step process.How many steps are involved? What attribution do people tend to initially make,and when would individuals proceed past the initial step?

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Question 4

The text describes the neurological basis of empathy: feeling the emotions other people express.What are these neurological structures? Describe the functions they serve.

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Question 5

How have researchers collected evidence that there are six major human emotions conveyed via facial expressions?

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Question 6

Why is the fundamental attribution error called "fundamental," and why does it occur?

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Question 7

Manaka is from Japan,and just won a gold medal at the Olympics.When interviewed about what she thinks contributed to her success,she is most likely to answer

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Manaka acknowledges the support she received from her coach and family, indicating that she values their contribution to her success. A and B suggest a lack of humility, while D is a negative self-assessment that does not reflect her achievement.

Question 8

What are consistency,consensus,and distinctiveness information,and how do they combine to yield internal,external,and situational attributions? Give an example.

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Question 9

Describe the role of culture in the fundamental attribution error.How prevalent is this error across cultures,and why do these differences exist?

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Question 10

Adrian Furham and his colleagues (1989,1993)have gathered preliminary evidence suggesting that in societies characterized by large inequities (e.g.,extremes in poverty and wealth),citizens are more likely to endorse just-world beliefs.These findings illustrate

Accepted Answer

The evidence suggests a cultural component to just-world beliefs, as societies with large inequities are more prone to endorsing them.

Question 11

What are self-serving attributions,and why do people make them?

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Question 12

Recall the cross-cultural differences in the self-serving bias between Eastern and Western cultures.Describe the differences,and provide an example of how someone in China might attribute a failure compared to someone from Canada.

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Question 13

In Heider's attribution theory,attributions are dichotomous-that is,there are two possible attributions a person can make about another's behavior.Describe both of these types of attributions,then provide an example of each type of attribution one could make about why someone is running late for a meeting.

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Quiz 4: Social Perception: How We Come to Understand Other People