Question 1

Which of the following is the best example of the self-control function of the self?

Accepted Answer

Making a plan about how to study and succeed academically requires self-control because it involves setting goals and prioritizing tasks, which requires delaying immediate gratification (such as watching TV or hanging out with friends) in order to achieve long-term goals (such as getting good grades and graduating). A, B, and C may involve aspects of the self, but they do not necessarily require self-control.

Question 2

Gordon Gallup (1977)briefly anesthetized chimpanzees and painted an odorless red dye on their heads.When they awoke and looked in the mirror,the chimps immediately reached to touch their brows and ears where the dye was.These findings suggest that chimps

Accepted Answer

D

Question 3

The self-concept refers to the

Accepted Answer

The self-concept refers to the content of the self, including beliefs, values, and personality traits, that define who we are as individuals. It includes both how we see ourselves and how we believe others see us. Thinking about ourselves and evaluating our personal worth may be aspects of the self-concept, but they are not the definition of it. Remembering information about oneself better than others is known as the self-reference effect and is related to the self-concept but is not synonymous with it.

Question 4

The act of thinking about ourselves best defines

Accepted Answer

Self-awareness refers to the act of thinking about ourselves, or being conscious of ourselves and our actions. It involves introspection and examining our thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. It is an important aspect of self-development and personal growth. A self-schema, on the other hand, refers to a cognitive structure containing information about the self, while self-concept is a broad term referring to our overall sense of self. Self-esteem is a specific aspect of self-concept, relating to the level of positive or negative evaluations we have of ourselves.

Question 5

Consider the following self-description: "It's important to me to make others happy.I work hard to cooperate with others,and seldom get into arguments.My friends are more important to me than my professional success." A(n) ____ is most likely to have provided such a self-description.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Consider the following self-description: "It's important to...

Question 6

Which of the following would be most likely to reach to touch a spot of red dye when seeing his or her reflection in a mirror?

Accepted Answer

Adult chimpanzees have demonstrated self-recognition in mirrors, often passing the mirror test by touching marks on their bodies that they can only see in the reflection.

Question 7

William James (1842-1910)distinguished between "self as known" and "self as knower." Self as known reflects ____,whereas self as knower reflects ____.

Accepted Answer

William James' concept of "self as known" refers to the self-concept, which includes thoughts and beliefs about ourselves. "Self as knower" refers to the active processing of information, or the consciousness that is aware of these thoughts and beliefs.

Question 8

Complete the analogy about functions of the self.Self-presentation: putting your best foot forward:: ____: formulating and organizing what we know about ourselves.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Complete the analogy about functions of the...

Question 9

The authors of your text describe Masako Owada's decision to give up her career and marry the crown prince of Japan.Many Americans viewed her decision as to the result of coercion and sexism.How do many Japanese view her decision?

Accepted Answer

Many Japanese view Masako Owada's decision as a natural consequence of being connected and obligated to others, such as her family and the Japanese imperial household. In Japan, the concept of "gaman," which means enduring the situation and doing what is expected of you to maintain harmony, is highly valued. Therefore, Masako's decision to marry the crown prince and fulfill her role as a princess is seen as a duty and responsibility to her family and the imperial household rather than an act of coercion or sexism.

Question 10

The "me" of William James is to ____ as the "I" is to ____.

Accepted Answer

William James distinguished between the "me" (self-concept) as the known aspect of the self and the "I" (self-awareness) as the knower or the active agent.

Question 11

The authors of your text explain four functions of the self.Which of the following is not one of these four functions?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The authors of your text explain four...

Question 12

Psychologists who have studied the development of self-concept over the lifespan have found that the self- concept starts out ____ and gradually becomes ____ with increasing age.

Accepted Answer

Psychologists have found that infants and toddlers have a concrete sense of self-concept that is based on their physical characteristics and immediate environment. However, as they grow older, their self-concept becomes more abstract and complex, incorporating their beliefs, emotions, and social relationships. This process continues through adolescence and into adulthood. Therefore, option B is the best choice as it accurately describes the trajectory of self-concept development over the lifespan.

Question 13

When Daphne goes on an interview,she does her best to make a good impression and put her best foot forward.Which function of the self is exemplified in this situation?

Accepted Answer

The situation exemplifies the self-presentation function of the self, as Daphne is actively trying to manage the impression she makes on the interviewer in order to project a positive image of herself.

Question 14

Whereas Americans have a proverb,"The squeaky wheel gets the grease," Japanese have a proverb.that states "The nail that stands out gets pounded down." These two different proverbs mirror social-psychological research that has demonstrated that people in Asian cultures

Accepted Answer

The proverb "The nail that stands out gets pounded down" reflects the cultural value of conformity and group harmony in many Asian cultures. This value is associated with a more interdependent concept of self than the individualistic concept of self that is more common in American culture. Option A and B are incorrect because they do not reflect the cultural differences in values and psychological orientations described in the proverbs. Option D is incorrect because research suggests that individuals in Asian cultures do have differentiated self-concepts, but these may be more contextualized within their social relationships and cultural norms.

Question 15

When asked to finish a sentence beginning "I am...," respondents from Asian countries are more likely to mention ____,because they grew up in a(n) ____ culture.

Accepted Answer

Asian cultures, particularly collectivist cultures in countries like China, Japan, and Korea, place a strong emphasis on group membership and interdependence. Therefore, individuals from these cultures are more likely to describe themselves in terms of their relationships and connection with others, rather than solely as independent individuals.

Question 16

Consider the following self-description: "I have blue eyes and brown hair.I have two sisters.I hate vegetables,but I love ice cream." Such a self-description was most likely provided by the typical

Accepted Answer

The self-description mentions basic physical features and family information, which suggest a level of cognitive development beyond that of a two-year-old. The statement "I hate vegetables, but I love ice cream" suggests a level of preference and taste that is common among eight-year-olds. An adult or high school student would likely provide more detailed and complex information in their self-description.

Question 17

The development of our sense of self is partly influenced by the culture in which we grow up.For example,in Western cultures,people tend to have an ____ view of the self,whereas in non-Western cultures,people tend to have an ____ view of the self.

Accepted Answer

Western cultures tend to value individualism and personal achievements, which promotes an independent view of the self. On the other hand, non-Western cultures place more importance on relationships and interdependence with others, leading to an interdependent view of the self.

Question 18

Assume that when exposed to a mirror,chimpanzees will use the mirror to aid in grooming (e.g.,to pick food from their teeth)and to entertain themselves by making faces.The chimps' behavior before the mirror would suggest that

Accepted Answer

The behavior of the chimpanzees suggests that they have a sense of "self," as they are using the mirror to groom themselves and make faces, indicating an awareness of their own appearance. This behavior is consistent with other evidence that suggests great apes have a level of self-awareness similar to that of humans. Although options A, B, and C are all plausible inferences, they do not fully capture the specific behavior observed in the chimpanzees with the mirror.

Question 19

Molly is eighteen years old,and has an eight-year-old brother,Joe.If they are both asked to answer the question,"Who am I?" Molly is likely to answer the question in ____ terms than Joe.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Molly is eighteen years old,and has an...

Question 20

Barbara replies to her therapist: "How do I see myself? Well,I'm socially anxious,insecure,relatively intelligent,and terribly shy." Barbara's response reflects her

Accepted Answer

Barbara's response reflects her perception and understanding of herself, which is a part of her self-concept. It includes her beliefs, opinions, and attitudes about herself, which are influenced by her experiences, interactions, and social context. Her response does not necessarily reflect her self-esteem, as she didn't comment on her self-worth or self-evaluation. It is also not stream of consciousness, which refers to the continuous flow of one's thoughts and feelings. Finally, it is not looking-glass self, which is the idea that one's self-concept is shaped by others' perceptions and evaluations of their behavior.

Quiz 5: The Self: Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context

Which of the following is the best example of the self-control function of the self?

Gordon Gallup (1977) briefly anesthetized chimpanzees and painted an odorless red dye on their heads.When they awoke and looked in the mirror,the chimps immediately reached to touch their brows and ears where the dye was.These findings suggest that chimps

The self-concept refers to the

The act of thinking about ourselves best defines

Consider the following self-description: "It's important to me to make others happy.I work hard to cooperate with others,and seldom get into arguments.My friends are more important to me than my professional success." A(n) ____ is most likely to have provided such a self-description.

Which of the following would be most likely to reach to touch a spot of red dye when seeing his or her reflection in a mirror?

William James (1842-1910) distinguished between "self as known" and "self as knower." Self as known reflects ,whereas self as knower reflects .

Complete the analogy about functions of the self.Self-presentation: putting your best foot forward:: ____: formulating and organizing what we know about ourselves.

The authors of your text describe Masako Owada's decision to give up her career and marry the crown prince of Japan.Many Americans viewed her decision as to the result of coercion and sexism.How do many Japanese view her decision?

The "me" of William James is to as the "I" is to .

The authors of your text explain four functions of the self.Which of the following is not one of these four functions?

Psychologists who have studied the development of self-concept over the lifespan have found that the self- concept starts out and gradually becomes with increasing age.

When Daphne goes on an interview,she does her best to make a good impression and put her best foot forward.Which function of the self is exemplified in this situation?

Whereas Americans have a proverb,"The squeaky wheel gets the grease," Japanese have a proverb.that states "The nail that stands out gets pounded down." These two different proverbs mirror social-psychological research that has demonstrated that people in Asian cultures

When asked to finish a sentence beginning "I am...," respondents from Asian countries are more likely to mention ,because they grew up in a(n) culture.

Consider the following self-description: "I have blue eyes and brown hair.I have two sisters.I hate vegetables,but I love ice cream." Such a self-description was most likely provided by the typical

The development of our sense of self is partly influenced by the culture in which we grow up.For example,in Western cultures,people tend to have an view of the self,whereas in non-Western cultures,people tend to have an view of the self.

Assume that when exposed to a mirror,chimpanzees will use the mirror to aid in grooming (e.g.,to pick food from their teeth) and to entertain themselves by making faces.The chimps' behavior before the mirror would suggest that

Molly is eighteen years old,and has an eight-year-old brother,Joe.If they are both asked to answer the question,"Who am I?" Molly is likely to answer the question in ____ terms than Joe.

Barbara replies to her therapist: "How do I see myself? Well,I'm socially anxious,insecure,relatively intelligent,and terribly shy." Barbara's response reflects her

Quiz 5: The Self: Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context

Which of the following is the best example of the self-control function of the self?

Gordon Gallup (1977) briefly anesthetized chimpanzees and painted an odorless red dye on their heads.When they awoke and looked in the mirror,the chimps immediately reached to touch their brows and ears where the dye was.These findings suggest that chimps

The self-concept refers to the

The act of thinking about ourselves best defines

Consider the following self-description: "It's important to me to make others happy.I work hard to cooperate with others,and seldom get into arguments.My friends are more important to me than my professional success." A(n) ____ is most likely to have provided such a self-description.

Which of the following would be most likely to reach to touch a spot of red dye when seeing his or her reflection in a mirror?

William James (1842-1910) distinguished between "self as known" and "self as knower." Self as known reflects ____,whereas self as knower reflects ____.

Complete the analogy about functions of the self.Self-presentation: putting your best foot forward:: ____: formulating and organizing what we know about ourselves.

The authors of your text describe Masako Owada's decision to give up her career and marry the crown prince of Japan.Many Americans viewed her decision as to the result of coercion and sexism.How do many Japanese view her decision?

The "me" of William James is to ____ as the "I" is to ____.

The authors of your text explain four functions of the self.Which of the following is not one of these four functions?

Psychologists who have studied the development of self-concept over the lifespan have found that the self- concept starts out ____ and gradually becomes ____ with increasing age.

When Daphne goes on an interview,she does her best to make a good impression and put her best foot forward.Which function of the self is exemplified in this situation?

Whereas Americans have a proverb,"The squeaky wheel gets the grease," Japanese have a proverb.that states "The nail that stands out gets pounded down." These two different proverbs mirror social-psychological research that has demonstrated that people in Asian cultures

When asked to finish a sentence beginning "I am...," respondents from Asian countries are more likely to mention ____,because they grew up in a(n) ____ culture.

Consider the following self-description: "I have blue eyes and brown hair.I have two sisters.I hate vegetables,but I love ice cream." Such a self-description was most likely provided by the typical

The development of our sense of self is partly influenced by the culture in which we grow up.For example,in Western cultures,people tend to have an ____ view of the self,whereas in non-Western cultures,people tend to have an ____ view of the self.

Assume that when exposed to a mirror,chimpanzees will use the mirror to aid in grooming (e.g.,to pick food from their teeth) and to entertain themselves by making faces.The chimps' behavior before the mirror would suggest that

Molly is eighteen years old,and has an eight-year-old brother,Joe.If they are both asked to answer the question,"Who am I?" Molly is likely to answer the question in ____ terms than Joe.

Barbara replies to her therapist: "How do I see myself? Well,I'm socially anxious,insecure,relatively intelligent,and terribly shy." Barbara's response reflects her

William James (1842-1910) distinguished between "self as known" and "self as knower." Self as known reflects ,whereas self as knower reflects .

The "me" of William James is to as the "I" is to .

Psychologists who have studied the development of self-concept over the lifespan have found that the self- concept starts out and gradually becomes with increasing age.

When asked to finish a sentence beginning "I am...," respondents from Asian countries are more likely to mention ,because they grew up in a(n) culture.

The development of our sense of self is partly influenced by the culture in which we grow up.For example,in Western cultures,people tend to have an view of the self,whereas in non-Western cultures,people tend to have an view of the self.