Question 1

In a convergent design,methodological issues may arise when the researcher
A)first converges the data.
B)begins to give unequal weight to one form of data.
C)involves other researchers in a study.
D)draws interpretations from unequal sample sizes.

Accepted Answer

D

Question 2

A mixed methods researcher needs to identify how she will analyze the data from her study.What criterion is best to use to identify her qualitative data analysis strategy?
A)She should consider identifying descriptions and themes.
B)She needs to match her data analysis strategy to her design.
C)She needs to analyze both quantitative and qualitative data.
D)She needs to identify how others have analyzed data in similar studies.

Accepted Answer

Identifying the qualitative data analysis strategy should be based on the research design and the type of qualitative data collected. A researcher should analyze the qualitative data in a way that best fits the research purpose and the specific questions being asked. Matching the qualitative data analysis strategy to the design is therefore essential.

Question 3

What potential ethical issue is most relevant to a study using an experimental design?
A)Participants may be further marginalized during the study.
B)The researcher may minimize the importance of a sample because of its size.
C)Interviews conducted during the intervention may influence outcomes.
D)Potentially disrupting the research sites.

Accepted Answer

Interviews conducted during the intervention may influence outcomes.

Question 4

Today the focus in mixed methods research is on
A)reflecting on the characteristics and development of mixed methods.
B)creating figures that provide visualizations of the design.
C)mixing different forms of quantitative and qualitative data.
D)advocating for the applied nature of mixed methods research.

Accepted Answer

The question asks about the current focus of mixed methods research, and the option that best answers this is reflecting on the characteristics and development of mixed methods. While creating visualizations of the design and mixing different forms of data are important aspects of mixed methods research, they are not necessarily the primary focus at this time. Advocating for the applied nature of mixed methods research may still be a topic of discussion, but it is not as relevant to the current focus. Therefore, option A is the best choice.

Question 5

Which of the following research questions best fits the convergent design?
A)Is the instrument we develop in the second phase as a result of exploring in the first phase)a better instrument that those available to measure the variables?
B)How do the quantitative and qualitative databases compare and present consistent findings or diverge and show contradictory findings?
C)How does the qualitative follow up data help us to better understand the quantitative first phase results?
D)How can the social issue be better addressed using results from both quantitative and qualitative findings?

Accepted Answer

The convergent design seeks to utilize both quantitative and qualitative methods to provide a complementary and comprehensive understanding of the research topic. Option B best fits this design as it focuses on comparing and synthesizing both quantitative and qualitative databases to either find consistent or divergent findings.

Question 6

The following questions apply to the sample mixed methods study by Igo,Kiewra
& Bruning 2008)at the end of Chapter 16.
In many mixed methods studies,the authors announce or foreshadow the type of mixed methods design in the title to the study.Examine the title in this study:
"Individual Differences and Intervention Flaws: A Sequential Explanatory Study of College Students' Copy-and-Paste Note Taking"
-Also by examining the title,how do the authors foreshadow that both qualitative and quantitative data will be collected?
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________

Accepted Answer

The answer of The following questions apply to the sample...

Question 7

Of the factors listed below,which one is a disadvantage of using mixed methods research?
A)The two forms of data may yield multiple perspectives.
B)The design requires extensive data collection that may stretch a researcher's resources.
C)The design is a newer approach to research relative to quantitative and qualitative.
D)The design cannot incorporate a theory.

Accepted Answer

Mixed methods research often requires collecting both quantitative and qualitative data, which can be time-consuming and stretch a researcher's resources. However, this disadvantage may be balanced by the potential benefits of combining different types of data to gain deeper insights and enhance the validity of the study. The other factors listed (A, C, and D) are not necessarily disadvantages of mixed methods research.

Question 8

A mixed methods researcher decides to study the use of vaping among high school students.The specific interest of the researcher is in examining what factors contribute to students frequently vaping.Further,variables can easily be identified from the literature on this topic,and thus the researcher plans to first conduct a survey with the high school students and then follow up with interviews with a few students.Which of the following designs characterizes this mixed methods design?
A)A social justice mixed methods design
B)A convergent mixed methods design
C)An exploratory sequential mixed methods design
D)An explanatory sequential mixed methods design

Accepted Answer

This is an explanatory sequential mixed methods design because the researcher starts with a quantitative phase (survey) to identify general trends or relationships and then follows up with a qualitative phase (interviews) to explore those findings in more depth.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a component of a mixed methods research design?
A)The use of both quantitative and qualitative data
B)The sequence of collecting quantitative and qualitative data
C)The integration of the quantitative and qualitative data
D)The use of quantitative and qualitative data in multiple studies

Accepted Answer

The use of quantitative and qualitative data in multiple studies is not necessarily a component of a mixed methods research design, as mixed methods research typically involves collecting and integrating both types of data within a single study.

Question 10

The mixed methods researcher gives equal priority to both quantitative and qualitative data.This design is most likely
A)convergent.
B)explanatory sequential.
C)exploratory sequential.
D)transformative.

Accepted Answer

In a convergent design, the researcher collects quantitative and qualitative data simultaneously with equal priority, then analyzes and integrates the results to draw conclusions. This design is appropriate when the research question is complex and requires both types of data to answer it adequately.

Question 11

The mixed methods researcher uses qualitative findings to build to quantitative data.This design is most likely
A)convergent.
B)explanatory sequential.
C)exploratory sequential.
D)transformative.

Accepted Answer

Exploratory sequential design is characterized by first collecting qualitative data to explore a phenomenon and then using the findings from the qualitative phase to inform the subsequent quantitative phase. This approach is used when there's not enough information available to start with a quantitative phase, making it ideal for new or complex research areas.

Question 12

Which one of the following is an advantage of using a mixed methods design in an educational research study?
A)It capitalizes on the strengths of quantitative and qualitative research.
B)Mixing different forms of data suggests that the researcher knows multiple forms of research.
C)Faculty members on a student's committee may not be familiar with qualitative research.
D)The use of two forms of data provides a complete picture of the databases.

Accepted Answer

A mixed methods design combines quantitative and qualitative research methods, allowing researchers to benefit from the advantages of both approaches. Quantitative research methods are useful for obtaining numerical data that can be analyzed statistically, while qualitative research methods can provide rich and detailed information that is difficult to capture using quantitative methods. By using a mixed methods design, researchers can gain a more comprehensive understanding of the research question and enhance the validity and reliability of their findings.

Question 13

List three of the criteria for evaluating a mixed methods study.

Accepted Answer

The answer of List three of the criteria for evaluating...

Question 14

Which of the following statements best summarizes the worldview-method argument that has been discussed among mixed methods and social science researchers?
A)There are many worldviews and many methods that researchers can use.
B)There is a need for compatibility between worldview and method used.
C)There are major differences between quantitative and qualitative research.
D)The approach in research should be worldview first and then methods.

Accepted Answer

The argument among mixed methods and social science researchers is that there should be compatibility between the researcher's worldview and the method used. They argue that the researcher's underlying worldview shapes the research questions, designs, data collection, and analysis methods. Hence, researchers need to be mindful of their worldview while selecting a research method to ensure that the chosen method fits well with the worldview. Therefore, option B best summarizes this argument.

Question 15

Which one of the following is the best justification for why you might use mixed methods research as your design?
A)To converge two forms of qualitative data to better understand a trait.
B)To converge quantitative and qualitative data to better understand a problem.
C)To keep quantitative and qualitative data separate within a study.
D)To test the quantitative interpretations using qualitative data.

Accepted Answer

Using mixed methods research can allow for a more comprehensive understanding of a research problem by utilizing both quantitative and qualitative data. This can provide a more in-depth analysis than simply relying on one approach or the other.

Question 16

The following questions apply to the sample mixed methods study by Igo,Kiewra
& Bruning 2008)at the end of Chapter 16.
In many mixed methods studies,the authors announce or foreshadow the type of mixed methods design in the title to the study.Examine the title in this study:
"Individual Differences and Intervention Flaws: A Sequential Explanatory Study of College Students' Copy-and-Paste Note Taking"
-By examining this title,what was the type of mixed methods design used?
________________

Accepted Answer

The answer of The following questions apply to the sample...

Question 17

The following questions apply to the sample mixed methods study by Igo,Kiewra
& Bruning 2008)at the end of Chapter 16.
In many mixed methods studies,the authors announce or foreshadow the type of mixed methods design in the title to the study.Examine the title in this study:
"Individual Differences and Intervention Flaws: A Sequential Explanatory Study of College Students' Copy-and-Paste Note Taking"
-In what ways do the authors give "priority" to quantitative research in this study? Mention at least two ways.
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________

Accepted Answer

The answer of The following questions apply to the sample...

Question 18

What is meant by the term "priority" when it is used in mixed methods research?
A)Whether quantitative or qualitative data are given increased emphasis
B)Whether the title to the study indicates a priority for mixed methods research
C)Whether the interpretation is given a priority in the mixed methods study
D)Whether quantitative or qualitative data are collected first in the study

Accepted Answer

Priority in mixed methods research refers to the emphasis placed on either quantitative or qualitative data, indicating which form of data the researchers consider more important or central to their study's objectives.

Question 19

The following questions apply to the sample mixed methods study by Igo,Kiewra
& Bruning 2008)at the end of Chapter 16.
In many mixed methods studies,the authors announce or foreshadow the type of mixed methods design in the title to the study.Examine the title in this study:
"Individual Differences and Intervention Flaws: A Sequential Explanatory Study of College Students' Copy-and-Paste Note Taking"
-The mixed methods researcher collects quantitative data in the first sequence followed by qualitative interviews.The design is most likely
A)convergent.
B)explanatory sequential.
C)exploratory sequential.
D)transformative.

Accepted Answer

The title indicates that the study is sequential and explanatory, with quantitative data collected first, followed by qualitative interviews. This matches the design of an explanatory sequential study.

Question 20

Which of the following best represents the notation for a convergent design?
A)QUAL * QUAN
B)QUAL $\rightarrow$ QUAN
C)quan $\rightarrow$ QUAL
D)QUAL + QUAN

Accepted Answer

A convergent design in mixed methods research involves conducting qualitative (QUAL) and quantitative (QUAN) methods independently but concurrently and then merging the results. The notation "QUAL + QUAN" best represents this approach, indicating that both methods are used in parallel and their results are combined.

Quiz 16: Mixed Methods Designs

In a convergent design,methodological issues may arise when the researcher

A mixed methods researcher needs to identify how she will analyze the data from her study.What criterion is best to use to identify her qualitative data analysis strategy?

What potential ethical issue is most relevant to a study using an experimental design?

Today the focus in mixed methods research is on

Which of the following research questions best fits the convergent design?

Of the factors listed below,which one is a disadvantage of using mixed methods research?

Which of the following is NOT a component of a mixed methods research design?

The mixed methods researcher gives equal priority to both quantitative and qualitative data.This design is most likely

The mixed methods researcher uses qualitative findings to build to quantitative data.This design is most likely

Which one of the following is an advantage of using a mixed methods design in an educational research study?

List three of the criteria for evaluating a mixed methods study.

Which of the following statements best summarizes the worldview-method argument that has been discussed among mixed methods and social science researchers?

Which one of the following is the best justification for why you might use mixed methods research as your design?

What is meant by the term "priority" when it is used in mixed methods research?

Which of the following best represents the notation for a convergent design?