Question 1

The Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)is an example of a(n)________ measure of personality.

Accepted Answer

The Thematic Apperception Test is a projective measure of personality. Projective tests present ambiguous stimuli and ask the test-taker to interpret them, allowing for subconscious thoughts and emotions to reveal themselves. The TAT uses a series of ambiguous pictures and asks the person to tell a story about what is happening in the scene, allowing for the examiner to gain insight into the individual's personality and possible psychological issues.

Question 2

Which of the following is a criticism of the Rorschach inkblot test?

Accepted Answer

The Rorschach inkblot test has been criticized for having a high rate of false positives, meaning it often identifies normal individuals as having psychological disturbances.

Question 3

According to research on gender differences in personality,women tend to be ________ than men.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to research on gender differences in...

Question 4

John thinks that his behaviors are influenced by the environment that he is in and not his personality traits.John believes in a psychological idea known as

Accepted Answer

John believes in the psychological idea of situationism, which asserts that behavior is more influenced by the situation and environment than by individual personality traits.

Question 5

Whenever a new guest comes to visit,Aimee points out her favorite abstract painting and asks for the guest's interpretation of it.Aimee believes that by doing so,she is able to discover the guest's unconscious impulses.Aimee is using the painting as a ________ measure of personality.

Accepted Answer

Aimee is using the painting as a tool to elicit the guest's own unique interpretation, which is the basis of projective measures of personality. Projective measures assume that individuals project their own unconscious thoughts and feelings onto ambiguous stimuli, such as a painting. This interpretation can reveal insights into the individual's personality and unconscious impulses. Social cognitive measures focus on the individual's learned experiences and behaviors, self-report measures rely on the individual's own assessment of their personality, and humanistic measures emphasize the intrinsic worth and potential of the individual. None of these accurately describe Aimee's use of the painting to assess personality.

Question 6

According to research on gender differences in personality,men tend to be ________ than women.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that men tend to score higher on assertiveness than women on average. This is thought to be influenced by societal expectations and gender roles that promote assertive behavior in men and discourage it in women.

Question 7

Samantha fills out a questionnaire to assess her personality where she answers questions about her own behaviors and characteristics.Samantha is using a(n)________ measure of personality.

Accepted Answer

Samantha is filling out a questionnaire about her own behaviors and characteristics, so she is using a self-report measure of personality.

Question 8

Maria's psychologist wants to assess her personality.To do so,he has her wear a device that allows him to unobtrusively track her interactions throughout the day.The psychologist is using a(n)________ to measure Maria's personality.

Accepted Answer

The psychologist is using an electronically activated record (EAR) to measure Maria's personality. An EAR is a device that can record a person's interactions throughout the day, allowing for unobtrusive and objective observations of behavior. This method falls under the observational method of personality assessment. Projective tests, on the other hand, typically involve asking open-ended questions or presenting ambiguous stimuli to elicit responses that can reveal unconscious thoughts and feelings. Self-report measures involve asking an individual to report on their own personality traits and characteristics.

Question 9

Rich is an interactionist.This means that he believes that behavior is determined by

Accepted Answer

Interactionists believe that behavior is determined by both situations and traits. They believe that the environment and the individual's traits interact to produce behavior.

Question 10

If you want to see differences in people's personalities,you should observe their behaviors in ________ situations.

Accepted Answer

Weak situations are those with less defined social norms and more ambiguity, allowing for individual personalities to be more visible through their behaviors. In contrast, strong situations have clear expectations for behavior, making it harder to discern individual personality differences.

Question 11

You just got a roommate.If you want to get the most accurate judgment of your roommate's personality,who should you ask?

Accepted Answer

The roommate's best friend is likely to have the most comprehensive and accurate understanding of the roommate's personality due to their close relationship and frequent interactions.

Question 12

Cataline is from South Africa and Shudan is from China.Who is likely to rate herself higher on conscientiousness?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Cataline is from South Africa and Shudan...

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of a weak situation?

Accepted Answer

The term "weak situation" refers to a situation where there is little or no pressure for individuals to conform to social norms or expectations. Activities such as playing at the park are typically low-pressure situations where individuals have a lot of freedom to act as they choose. In contrast, activities such as attending a church service or a formal dinner are higher-pressure situations where individuals are expected to conform to certain social norms or expectations, making them stronger situations. The wedding ceremony may or may not be a weak situation, depending on the specific context and expectations involved.

Question 14

Isabelle always believed she was a pretty calm person.Other people,however,think of her as somewhat neurotic.According to research,who would give the most accurate description of Isabelle's personality?

Accepted Answer

Close friends, who see Isabelle daily, are likely to have a more accurate perception of her personality due to frequent interactions and observations in various situations.

Question 15

The NEO Personality Inventory is an example of a(n)________ measure of personality.

Accepted Answer

The NEO Personality Inventory is a self-report measure of personality, meaning that individuals complete the inventory themselves and report their own thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. Projective measures require individuals to interpret ambiguous stimuli, subjective measures are based on the subjective impressions of an observer or interviewer, and observational measures involve observing an individual's behavior in various situations.

Question 16

The Rorschach inkblot test is an example of a(n)________ measure of personality.

Accepted Answer

The Rorschach inkblot test is a projective measure of personality, which relies on the interpretation of ambiguous stimuli to reveal unconscious thoughts, feelings, and conflicts.

Question 17

Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the finding that age-related changes in personality are similar across cultures?

Accepted Answer

The finding suggests that age-related changes in personality are not entirely due to cultural factors, indicating that biological or developmental factors may play a role. It does not support options B, C, or D as it does not suggest that cultures have similar stereotyping, that the changes are mainly due to environmental factors or that every culture has different stereotyping.

Question 18

When Pearl was in high school,she constantly worried about her relationships and her school achievements.Now that she is older,she worries about her health and the environment.This change in the focus of her worrying is due to

Accepted Answer

This change in focus of worrying is due to characteristic adaptation. As we age, our primary concerns and worries may shift, as we adapt to new life circumstances and priorities. In Pearl's case, as she has grown older, her concerns have shifted from relationships and school achievements to health and the environment. This is a typical example of characteristic adaptation, wherein individuals become more adept at managing their emotions and adapting to changing circumstances over time.

Question 19

Janie is high on the openness to experience dimension of personality.She likes to skydive and travel to exotic destinations.As she gets older,she may be less likely to skydive,but may still enjoy unusual vacations.This change in Janie's typical activities is due to

Accepted Answer

Characteristic adaptation refers to changes in a person's typical activities and behaviors based on their personality traits and environmental factors. As Janie gets older, she may adapt her behavior to still engage in activities that align with her openness to experience, but within her physical limitations and financial means, such as traveling to unusual destinations rather than skydiving. This adaptation is a result of her basic tendency towards openness to experience. The reticular activating system and temperament are not relevant to this scenario.

Question 20

Dr.Jones gives her client a TAT to evaluate her client's

Accepted Answer

The TAT (Thematic Apperception Test) is a projective test that presents ambiguous pictures to the client and asks them to create a story about what is happening in the picture. The stories allow the therapist to gain insight into the client's motivational traits, such as their needs, values, and goals. It is not typically used to evaluate self-esteem or sexual conflicts, and while psychopathy could potentially be assessed, it is not the primary purpose of the test.

Quiz 13: Self and Personality

The Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) is an example of a(n) ________ measure of personality.