Question 1

Suspiciousness, convulsions, and cardiac arrest are aversive reactions most closely associated with the use of

Accepted Answer

Suspiciousness, convulsions, and cardiac arrest are all potential adverse reactions of cocaine use. While other drugs on this list also have potential adverse effects, such as respiratory depression with heroin and barbiturates, none are as closely associated with the specific symptoms listed as cocaine. Marijuana is also known to have adverse effects such as anxiety or paranoia, but not to the extent of convulsions or cardiac arrest.

Question 2

When cocaine is injected or smoked, it produces a rush of euphoria that lasts less than an hour. But the stimulant drug ________ can trigger eight hours or so of heightened energy and euphoria.

Accepted Answer

Cocaine produces a short-lasting euphoria, while methamphetamine can produce a longer-lasting high that can last for up to eight hours. LSD is a hallucinogenic drug, heroin is a depressant opioid, and Amytal is a sedative-hypnotic drug.

Question 3

Amphetamines are to ________ as barbiturates are to ________.

Accepted Answer

Amphetamines are stimulants while barbiturates are depressants.

Question 4

When deprived of nicotine, smokers experience heightened levels of

Accepted Answer

When smokers are deprived of nicotine, they often experience symptoms of withdrawal, including irritability, anxiety, difficulty concentrating, and distractibility.

Question 5

Cocaine is classified as a(n)

Accepted Answer

Cocaine is a stimulant drug. It acts on the central nervous system to increase alertness, energy, and focus. It can also have negative effects such as addiction, anxiety, and elevated heart rate and blood pressure.

Question 6

After two years of regularly smoking cigarettes, Lynette is preparing to quit. Which of the following symptoms of nicotine withdrawal is she most likely to experience when she first discontinues smoking?

Accepted Answer

Anxiety is a common symptom of nicotine withdrawal and is often experienced during the first few days after quitting smoking. Drowsiness and insensitivity to pain are not typically associated with nicotine withdrawal, and while some individuals may experience a temporary increase in appetite, others may experience a decrease. Therefore, the most likely symptom Lynette will experience is anxiety.

Question 7

François was dismayed to discover that some of his football teammates were using drugs to enhance their footwork and endurance on the playing field. Which of the following drugs were the players most likely using?

Accepted Answer

Amphetamines are known to enhance physical performance, including footwork and endurance, making them a likely choice for athletes looking to gain an unfair advantage on the field. Morphine derivatives and barbiturates are unlikely to be used for performance enhancement, and marijuana is more likely to cause a decrease in motivation and physical performance.

Question 8

Repeated use of an opiate

Accepted Answer

Repeated use of an opiate can lead to a decrease in the brain's natural production of endorphins, which are neurotransmitters that help to regulate pain, mood, and other physiological functions. This can contribute to physical dependence and withdrawal symptoms when the drug is no longer present in the body.

Question 9

Reduced immune system functioning is most likely to accompany long-term repeated use of

Accepted Answer

Ecstasy (MDMA) has been shown to impair immune functioning by reducing the activity of natural killer cells, T cells, and B cells. This can lead to an increased risk of infections and illness. Long-term repeated use of Ecstasy can further exacerbate these effects on the immune system. Nembutal, caffeine, and morphine do not have significant immune system effects.

Question 10

When cocaine is snorted, injected, or smoked, it produces a rush of euphoria by

Accepted Answer

Cocaine works by blocking the reuptake of neurotransmitters, specifically dopamine, in the brain. This leads to an accumulation of dopamine in the synapse, which produces a rush of euphoria.

Question 11

Amphetamines ________ appetite and ________ self-confidence.

Accepted Answer

Amphetamines decrease appetite and increase self-confidence.

Question 12

Soon after taking a psychoactive drug, Zachary experienced a diminished appetite, an increased heart rate, dilated pupils, and feelings of self-confidence and euphoria. Zachary most likely experienced the effects of

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described, including increased heart rate, dilated pupils, self-confidence, and euphoria, are all commonly associated with the use of cocaine.

Question 13

A rewarding consequence of cigarette smoking is that it reduces

Accepted Answer

Nicotine in cigarette smoking is an addictive substance that can reduce sensitivity to pain. However, this is a short-term benefit and the long-term consequences include various negative health effects. A, C, and D are all incorrect as cigarette smoking actually increases blood pressure and heart rate, causes mental impairment, and releases dangerous chemicals into the bloodstream.

Question 14

The use of barbiturates ________ anxiety and ________ nervous system activity.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The use of barbiturates ________ anxiety and...

Question 15

One of the dangers of using Ecstasy at all-night dances is

Accepted Answer

Ecstasy can cause high body temperatures, excessive sweating, and increased heart rate, which can lead to dehydration. It is important to stay hydrated when using Ecstasy, especially at all-night dances where people may be dancing for hours on end.

Question 16

Which drugs are most likely to be prescribed as tranquilizers?

Accepted Answer

Barbiturates are central nervous system depressants that can be prescribed as tranquilizers for anxiety and sleep disorders. Amphetamines, hallucinogens, and opiates are not typically prescribed as tranquilizers.

Question 17

By triggering the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine, ________ boosts alertness and diminishes appetite.

Accepted Answer

Nicotine triggers the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine, leading to increased alertness and decreased appetite. Alcohol depresses the nervous system and increases appetite, while heroin is a depressant that also reduces appetite. Ghrelin is a hormone that stimulates appetite, so it would not decrease appetite.

Question 18

Which of the following is a psychedelic drug?

Accepted Answer

LSD is a well-known psychedelic drug, also known as acid. Cocaine and heroin are stimulants and opioids, respectively, not classified as psychedelic drugs. Nicotine is a stimulant but is not classified as a psychedelic drug.

Question 19

Which of the following is an amphetamine derivative that acts as a mild hallucinogen?

Accepted Answer

Ecstasy is an amphetamine derivative that acts as a mild hallucinogen. Marijuana is not an amphetamine derivative, Nembutal is a barbiturate, and heroin is an opioid.

Question 20

Psychedelic drugs that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input are called

Accepted Answer

Hallucinogens, such as LSD and psilocybin, are known to distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input. Amphetamines, barbiturates, and opiates do not typically have these effects.

Quiz 3: Consciousness and the Two-Track Mind