Question 1

Making a positive adaptation to significant adversity is one sign of resilience.

Accepted Answer

Resilience is the ability to bounce back and adapt positively in the face of significant adversity such as trauma, tragedy, or serious health issues. Making a positive adaptation in response to such adversity is a key characteristic of resilience.

Question 2

Families do not need to provide opportunities for the development of peer relationships; it is best if those develop on their own, without any assistance from the family.

Accepted Answer

While peer relationships can develop naturally, families can still provide opportunities for their children to interact with peers in a safe and supportive environment. Families can facilitate playdates, enroll their children in extracurricular activities, and encourage their children to attend social events, all of which can help foster the development of positive peer relationships.

Question 3

About one-third of school-age children live with their nuclear family.

Accepted Answer

According to the United States Census Bureau, about two-thirds of school-age children live with their nuclear family consisting of both parents.

Question 4

Adoptive families typically function well for children.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that most adoptive families provide a nurturing and loving environment for children, and that adopted children generally have positive outcomes. However, it is important to note that every family is unique and there may be challenges that arise in some adoptive families as with any other type of family.

Question 5

As schoolchildren compare themselves to their friends, their self-concept tends to become more positive.

Accepted Answer

As schoolchildren compare themselves to their friends, their self-concept can become more negative, especially if they perceive themselves as less competent or successful than their peers.

Question 6

According to Erikson, children between the ages of 6 and 11 experience the crisis of industry versus inferiority.

Accepted Answer

This is correct according to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development. During this stage, children experience the need to master skills and learn to work with others, which contributes to a sense of competence and industry. If they are unable to succeed in these tasks, they may develop feelings of inferiority.

Question 7

How family members are genetically connected is part of the family structure.

Accepted Answer

How family members are genetically connected, such as through parent-child relationships, is a fundamental aspect of family structure.

Question 8

Resilience to stress is a stable or static trait describing a child's responses under adverse situations.

Accepted Answer

Resilience to stress is not a static trait, but rather a dynamic process that can be developed and improved over time through various coping strategies and support systems.

Question 9

Family function refers to how a family cares for its members.

Accepted Answer

Family function refers to how a family cares for its members, including providing basic physical needs, emotional support, and guidance for personal and interpersonal development.

Question 10

According to Piaget, children between the ages of 6 and 11 experience the crisis of industry versus inferiority.

Accepted Answer

The crisis of industry versus inferiority is a concept from Erik Erikson's psychosocial development theory, not Piaget's cognitive development theory.

Question 11

Children are less affected by shared environmental factors than by nonshared environmental factors.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that nonshared environmental factors, such as individual experiences and interactions, have a greater impact on a child's development and behavior than shared environmental factors, such as household environment and parenting style.

Question 12

Research indicates that if a mother was more negative toward one of her twins, that child became more antisocial.

Accepted Answer

Studies have found that maternal negativity, such as criticism or rejection, can lead to increased levels of antisocial behavior in the child who receives more negativity compared to their twin sibling.

Question 13

Environmental influences from teachers and peer groups reflect one's shared influences.

Accepted Answer

Shared influences refer to environmental factors that are common to individuals in a group, such as family environment, while teachers and peer groups are considered non-shared influences as they can vary between individuals.

Question 14

Moving to a "better neighborhood" during middle childhood helps children feel protected and stable at home.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Moving to a "better neighborhood" during middle...

Question 15

A child who demonstrates positive adaptation in the face of stressors such as poverty and neglect is showing resilience and will always continue to show resilience.

Accepted Answer

Resilience can vary over time and is influenced by multiple factors, including changes in a child's environment, support systems, and personal experiences. It is not a static trait that once present will always manifest.

Question 16

The self-concept of school-age children becomes more realistic and specific.

Accepted Answer

As children develop and gain more experiences, they become better able to understand their strengths and weaknesses, as well as their unique traits and characteristics. This leads to a more accurate and detailed self-concept.

Question 17

In polygamous families, income per child is higher than in nuclear families.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In polygamous families, income per child is...

Question 18

Accumulated stresses over time, including minor ones, are more devastating than an isolated major stress.

Accepted Answer

Accumulated stresses over time can lead to chronic stress, which can have long-term negative health effects such as cardiovascular disease, anxiety, and depression. In contrast, a single major stressor may be more easily managed or overcome.

Question 19

Family income and conflict can interfere with family function in every structure, ethnic group, and nation.

Accepted Answer

Family income and conflict are common factors that can affect families in every culture, ethnicity, and country, leading to various problems and disruptions in family functioning.

Question 20

A child's interpretation of events can mitigate the impact of stressful events.

Accepted Answer

Children may not have the same level of understanding or emotional maturity as adults, which can lead to a different interpretation of events. This can sometimes result in a more positive or less harmful view of a stressful situation, which can help mitigate its impact on the child.

Quiz 14: Late Adulthood: Body and Mind