Question 1

Conflict between parents and their children peaks during early adolescence.

Accepted Answer

According to research, conflict between parents and their children typically peaks during early adolescence, around the ages of 13-15.

Question 2

Four aspects of family closeness are communication, support, connectedness, and control.

Accepted Answer

These four aspects are commonly recognized as key components of family closeness.

Question 3

Links between adolescents and relatives are especially common among immigrant groups.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that immigrant adolescents have stronger links with their relatives compared to non-immigrant adolescents. This is often due to cultural values that prioritize family relationships and intergenerational support.

Question 4

When one person shows another how to resist social norms, deviancy training has occurred.

Accepted Answer

Deviancy training occurs when one person teaches another how to resist or challenge social norms, values, and rules. This can involve learning how to engage in deviant behavior or how to encourage others to do so.

Question 5

Parental monitoring, even if restrictive and controlling, does not usually cause detrimental effects.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Parental monitoring, even if restrictive and controlling,...

Question 6

The four areas of identity formation proposed by Erikson include religious, political, familial, and physical identities.

Accepted Answer

Erikson's theory of identity formation includes areas such as occupational, sexual, and ideological identities, not specifically religious, political, familial, or physical identities.

Question 7

Sixteen-year-old Ava quit school, lost her job as a waitress, and spends most of her time online in chat rooms. When her parents voiced their disapproval, she replied, "Leave me alone!" Ava's behavior shows role confusion.

Accepted Answer

Ava's behavior aligns with the characteristics of role confusion, as she is disengaging from traditional paths of socialization (school and work), and showing resistance to her parents' guidance.

Question 8

Identity achievement involves a denial of past experiences and childhood identifications.

Accepted Answer

Identity achievement involves integrating past experiences and childhood identifications into a coherent sense of self, rather than denying them.

Question 9

Hermione accepts her parents' religious faith without question. She is happy and enjoys participating in religious events with them. Hermione's behavior shows identity moratorium.

Accepted Answer

A person in identity moratorium is actively exploring and questioning different aspects of their identity, including beliefs and values. Hermione accepting her parents' religious faith without question suggests a lack of exploration and questioning, indicating she may be in identity foreclosure instead.

Question 10

Moratorium is an identity status that is considered to be a more mature response to identity exploration than foreclosure.

Accepted Answer

Moratorium is a stage of identity development in which individuals are actively exploring different options, ideas, and values without committing to any one of them. This is considered to be a more mature response than foreclosure, which is when individuals adopt the values and beliefs of their parents or society without questioning or exploring other options.

Question 11

Early other-sex interactions occur mostly in groups.

Accepted Answer

Early other-sex interactions, such as those between boys and girls, commonly occur in group settings rather than one-on-one interactions. This is especially true for younger children and adolescents who may feel more comfortable interacting with members of the opposite sex in a larger social setting.

Question 12

Adolescent romantic relationship partners, especially in early adolescence, are often selected based on social connections and status with peer groups.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that in early adolescence, adolescents tend to choose romantic partners who have similar social connections and status within their peer groups. However, as they mature, other factors such as emotional connection and personal qualities become more important in selecting a romantic partner.

Question 13

Culture influences the kind of information adolescents share with their parents.

Accepted Answer

Culture can play a significant role in determining what kind of information adolescents feel comfortable sharing with their parents. In some cultures, for example, discussing personal issues or feelings with parents may be discouraged or seen as disrespectful, while in others it may be encouraged or even expected. Similarly, cultural factors such as gender roles, attitudes towards sexuality and relationships, and beliefs about mental health can all influence the types of information adolescents feel comfortable sharing with their parents.

Question 14

Gender identity refers primarily to a person's self-definition as a male or a female.

Accepted Answer

Gender identity refers to a person's subjective and internal sense of their own gender as a male, female, both, or neither. It is not solely based on biological sex or external appearance.

Question 15

In the twenty-first century, most adolescents do not affiliate strongly with one political party over another.

Accepted Answer

According to a study by the Pew Research Center, most adolescents today do not strongly identify with one political party over another, and are more likely to identify as independents or with a third party.

Question 16

In early adolescence, teens are less susceptible to peer pressure.

Accepted Answer

In early adolescence, teens are actually more susceptible to peer pressure as they are still figuring out their sense of identity and may rely on the approval of their peers to validate their choices and behavior.

Question 17

According to Erikson, the ultimate goal of the identity crisis is identity achievement.

Accepted Answer

According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, the ultimate goal of the identity crisis is to achieve a sense of identity or self-identity. This is known as identity achievement, which involves developing a clear and confident understanding of one's values, beliefs, and goals.

Question 18

Peers are more harmful than helpful.

Accepted Answer

Peers can provide support, collaboration, and diverse perspectives, which can be beneficial for personal and professional growth.

Question 19

Part-time employment during the adolescent years is associated with problems if the adolescent works too many hours.

Accepted Answer

Working too many hours during adolescence has been linked to a range of negative outcomes, including reduced school engagement, lower academic achievement, increased substance use, and mental health issues. Therefore, it is important for adolescents to balance their work hours with other developmental needs and responsibilities.

Question 20

A person's gender identity does not always reflect biological characteristics.

Accepted Answer

Gender identity is a person's internal sense of being male, female, neither, or both, and it is not always determined by biological sex characteristics. Some people may identify with a gender that differs from the sex assigned to them at birth or may identify as non-binary or genderqueer. Gender identity is a personal and subjective experience that can be influenced by a variety of factors, including cultural and social norms, personal experiences, and individual expression.

Quiz 2: The Beginning: From Conception to Birth